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Anaemia, iron deficiency and vitamin A status among school-aged children in rural Kazakhstan

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2007

Masahiro Hashizume ,
Momoko Chiba ,
Atsuko Shinohara ,
Shigehiro Iwabuchi ,
Satoshi Sasaki ,
Taeko Shimoda ,
Osamu Kunii ,
Wathan Caypil ,
Damir Dauletbaev  and
Akmaral Alnazarova
Masahiro Hashizume*
Affiliation:
Department of International Community Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Public and Environmental Health Research Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, WC1E 7HT, UK
Momoko Chiba
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Atsuko Shinohara
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Shigehiro Iwabuchi
Affiliation:
Central Research Laboratories, Nippon Zenyaku Kogyo, Koriyama-City, Japan
Satoshi Sasaki
Affiliation:
National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan
Taeko Shimoda
Affiliation:
Faculty of Home Economics, Kyushu Women's University, Kitakyushu, Japan
Osamu Kunii
Affiliation:
Research and Programming Division, Economic Cooperation Bureau, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Tokyo, Japan
Wathan Caypil
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Kazakh State Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Damir Dauletbaev
Affiliation:
State Medical Centre, Kzyl-Orda City, Kazakhstan
Akmaral Alnazarova
Affiliation:
Health Care Department, Kzyl-Orda State, Kzyl-Orda, Kazakhstan
*
*Corresponding author: Email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Objectives

To investigate the prevalence of anaemia and iron deficiency and vitamin A status among school-aged children in rural Kazakhstan and identify factors associated with anaemia in this population.

Design

A cross-sectional design.

Setting

School-aged children in rural Kazakhstan.

Subjects

Socio-economic and anthropometric information was collected from 159 school-aged children living in the Kzyl-Orda region of Kazakhstan. Blood samples were collected and the concentrations of haemoglobin (Hb), serum iron, serum ferritin (SF), erythrocyte protoporphyrin (EP), serum retinol and β-carotene, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation (TS) and other haematological indices were measured.

Results

Among the 159 children, the prevalence of anaemia and iron deficiency defined by the multiple criteria model (SF, TS and EP) was 27% and 13%, respectively. Nine per cent had iron-deficiency anaemia and 21% had serum retinol value <1.05 μmol l−1. Mean SF and serum iron concentrations and TS were significantly lower in anaemic children than in their non-anaemic peers, while TIBC and EP were significantly higher in children with anaemia. Hb was significantly correlated with serum iron and retinol concentrations. Serum retinol and SF concentrations and mean corpuscular volume were significantly correlated with Hb by multiple regression analysis.

Conclusions

Anaemia among school-aged children in rural Kazakhstan appears to be related to iron indices and vitamin A status.

Keywords

AnaemiaIron deficiencyVitamin ASerum retinolSchool-aged childrenKazakhstan
Type
Research Article
Information
Public Health Nutrition , Volume 8 , Issue 6 , September 2005 , pp. 564 - 571
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2005

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