We prove the existence and bifurcation of a global branch of positive solutions for a nonlinear Neumann eigenvalue problem on the half axis [0, ∞). The nonlinearity is assumed to have a superlinear growth multiplied by a weight function changing sign. This leads to the existence of nontrivial solutions above the continuous spectrum of the linearised problem.

A method for counting the solutions for Penrose–Fife-type phase field equations is derived. The method used is similar to that developed recently for obtaining a precise count for the number of solutions for the Cahn–Hilliard equation [9], and is based on the derivation of an extended system of Picard–Fuchs equations as well as on estimates obtained in [11]. The Penrose–Fife-type phase field equations represent a thermodynamically consistent model for phase separation of a conserved order parameter (typically concentration) in binary systems in which latent heat effects are important in the phase separation process.

Eigenvalues of both regular and singular Sturm–Liouville (S–L) problems with general coupled self-adjoint boundary conditions are characterised. This characterisation, although elementary, appears to be new even in the regular case. The singular characterisation is an exact parallel of the regular one and reduces to it. One application yields inequalities among the eigenvalues of different coupled boundary conditions. This is a far-reaching extension, even in the regular case, of the well-known relationship among the periodic and semiperiodic eigenvalues.

We consider convolution operators arising in the study of abstract initial boundary value problems. These operators are of the form

where {S(t)}t ≧0 is a C0-semigroup in a Banach space X,, with infinitesimal generator A0,: D(A0), ⊂ X, → X, and K(z): Y → X is a linxear, continuous mapping defined in another Banach space Y., We study the continuity of T between the spaces Lp([0, + ∞), Y), and Lq([0, + ∞), X), 1 ≦ p, q, ≦ + ∞. We give several examples of the applicability of the results to some familiar initial boundary value problems, including both parabolic and hyperbolic cases.

Coupled slow and fast motions generated by ordinary differential equations are examined. The qualitative limit behaviour of the trajectories as the small parameter tends to zero is sought after. Invariant measures of the parametrised fast flow are employed to describe the limit behaviour, rather than algebraic equations which are used in the standard reduced order approach. In the case of a unique invariant measure for each parameter, the limit of the slow motion is governed by a chattering type equation. Without the uniqueness, the limit of the slow motion solves a differential inclusion. The fast flow, in turn, converges in a statistical sense to the direct integral, respectively the set-valued direct integral, of the invariant measures.

The initial-value problem for the Korteweg-de Vries equation with a forcing term has recently gained prominence as a model for a number of interesting physical situations. At the same time, the modern theory for the initial-value problem for the unforced Korteweg-de Vries equation has taken great strides forward. The mathematical theory pertaining to the forced equation is currently set in narrow function classes and has not kept up with recent advances for the homogeneous equation. This aspect is rectified here with the development of a theory for the initial-value problem for the forced Korteweg-de Vries equation that entails weak assumptions on both the initial wave configuration and the forcing. The results obtained include analytic dependence of solutions on the auxiliary data and allow the external forcing to lie in function classes sufficiently large that a Dirac δ-function or its derivative is included. Analyticity is proved by an infinite-dimensional analogue of Picard iteration. A consequence is that solutions may be approximated arbitrarily well on any bounded time interval by solving a finite number of linear initial-value problems.

Using techniques of bifurcation theory we present two exact multiplicity results for boundary value problems of the type

The first result concerns the case when the nonlinearity is independent of x and behaves like a cubic in u. The second one deals with a class of nonlinearities with explicit x dependence.

It is shown that the Cesàro averaging operatorℜα > – 1, satisfies an inequality which immediately implies that it is bounded on certain Hardy spaces including Hp, 0 < p < ∞. This answers an open question of Stempak, who introduced these operators and obtained their boundedness on Hp, 0 < p ≦ 2, for ℜα ≧ 0. The operator which is conjugate to on H2 is also shown to be bounded on Hp for 1 < p < ∞ and ℜα = – 1. This extends a result of Stempak who obtained this boundedness for 2 ≦ p≦ ∞ and ℜα ≧:0.

In this paper we characterise some closed tangential exceptional sets for Hardy–Sobolev spaces , αp = n, 1 < p ≦ 2, in terms of the annihilation of a nonisotropic Hausdorff measure.

In this paper we study a nonlocal problem for a second-order partial differential equation which depends on a parameter n. We prove the existence of critical values 0 < and 0 > such that for all ≦ɳ≦ and for all non-negative right-hand sides, our problem has nonnegative solutions. We obtain a formula for ɳ0, the maximal possible value of , and find the exact value of ɳ for spherical ɳ. We also study the corresponding eigenvalue problem. At the end of the paper, we consider the application of our results to the nonlinear system describing the distribution of temperature and potential in a microsensor.

We study variational problems for the functional F(u) = ∫Ω f(x, u(x), Lu(x)) dx where u∈uo + V, with Vbeing any closed linear subspace of W2.P(Ω) containing W2.p.0(Ω), Ω is a bounded open set, p > 1, L is a differential operator of second order. We determine the greatest lower semicontinuous function majorised by F for the weak topology of W2.p, for its sequential version if f satisfies no coercivity assumption, showing that in both cases the relaxed functional is expressed in terms of the function ξ↦ f**(x, u, ξ). Finally, an existence result in case f (not necessarily convex) depending only on the Laplacian, is given

We show that an energy decay ∥u(t)∥2 = O(t−µ) for solutions of the Navier–Stokes equations on ℝn, n ≦ 5, implies a decay of the higher order norms, e.g. ∥Dα u(t)∥2 = O(t−µ −|α|/2) and ∥u(t)|∞ = O(t−µ −n/4).