Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-25T07:16:14.859Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Controversies surrounding diet and breast cancer

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 April 2008

Lenore Kohlmeier  and
Michelle Mendez
Lenore Kohlmeier
Affiliation:
Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7400, USA
Michelle Mendez
Affiliation:
Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7400, USA
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Symposium on ‘Nutritional issues for women’
Information
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 56 , Issue 1B , March 1997 , pp. 369 - 382
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1997

References

REFERENCES

Albanes, D. (1987). Total calories, body weight and tumour incidence in mice. Cancer Research 47, 1987–1992.Google ScholarPubMed
Ames, B. N., Shigenaga, M. K. & Hagen, T. M. (1993). Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative disease of aging. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 90, 7915–7922.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ansher, S. S., Dolan, P. & Bueding, E. (1986). Biochemical effects of dithiolthiones. Food and Chemical Toxicology 24, 405–415.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Astrup, A. V., Buemann, B., Western, P., Toubro, S., Raben, A. & Christensen, M. J. (1995). Objective assessment of the habitual dietary fat content in patients with obesity (In Danish). Ugesdrift for Laeger 16, 291–294.Google Scholar
Baker, M. E. (1992). Evolution of regulation of steroid-mediated intercellular communication in vertebrates: insight from flavonoids, signals that mediate plant-rhizobia symbiosis. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 41, 301–308.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Barrett-Connor, E. (1991). Nutrition epidemiology: how do we know what they ate?. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 54, 182–187.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Basu, T. K., Hill, G. B., Ng, D., Abdi, E. & Temple, N. (1989). Serum vitamins A and E, beta-carotene, and selenium in patients with breast cancer. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 8, 524–528.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bates, C. J. & Thurnham, D. I. (1991). Biochemical markers of nutrient intake. In Design Concepts in Nutritional Epidemiology, pp. 192–265 [Margetts, B. M. and Nelson, M., editors]. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Birt, D. F., Julius, A. D., White, L. T. & Pour, P. M. (1989). Enhancement of pancreatic carcinogenesis in hamsters fed a high-fat diet ad libitum and at a controlled calorie intake. Cancer Research 49, 5848–5851.Google Scholar
Birt, D. F., Pelling, J. C., Pour, P. M., Tibbels, M. G., Schweichkert, I. & Bresnick, E. (1987). Enhanced pancreatic and skin tumorigenesis in cabbage-fed hamsters and mice. Carcinogenesis 8, 913–917.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Block, G., Patterson, B. & Subar, A. (1992). Fruit, vegetables, and cancer prevention: A review of the epidemiological evidence. Nutrition and Cancer 18, 1–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Braden, L. M. & Carroll, K. K. (1986). Dietary polyunsaturated fat in relation to mammary carcinogenesis in rats. Lipids 21, 285–288.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bresnick, E., Birt, D. F., Wolterman, K., Wheeler, M. & Markin, R. S. (1990). Reduction in mammary tumorigenesis in the rat by cabbage and cabbage residue. Carcinogenesis 11, 1159–1163.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Comstock, G. W., Helzlsouer, K. J. & Bush, T. L. (1991). Prediagnostic semm levels of carotenoids and vitamin E as related to subsequent cancer in Washington County, Maryland. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 53, 260S–264S.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Connett, J. E., Kuller, L. H., Kjelsberg, M. O., Polk, B. F., Collins, G., Rider, A. & Hulley, S. B. (1989). Relationship between carotenoids and cancer. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) Study. Cancer 64, 126–134.3.0.CO;2-H>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Davis, D. L. & Bradlow, H. L. (1995). Can environmental oestroger.s cause breast cancer? Scientific American 10 issue, 166–172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Schrijver, R. & Privett, O. S. (1982). Interrelationship between dietary trans fatty acids and the 6- and 9-desaturases in the rat. Lipids 17, 27–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dewailly, E., Dodin, S., Verreault, R., Ayotte, P., Sauve, L. & Morin, J. (1994). High organochlorine body burden in women with oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 86, 232–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Falck, F. Y., Ricci, A. Jr, Wolff, M. S., Godbold, J. & Deckers, J. (1992). Pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyl residues in human breast lipids and their relation to breast cancer. Archives of Environmental Health 47, 143–146.Google ScholarPubMed
Garfinkel, L., Boffetta, P. & Stellman, S. D. (1988). Alcohol and breast cancer: a cohort study. Preventive Medicine 17, 686–693.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gey, K. F., Brubacher, G. B. & Sthelin, H. B. (1987). Plasma levels of antioxidant vitamins in relation to ischemic heart disease and cancer. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 45, 1368–1377.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Harvey, E. B., Schairer, C., Brinton, L. A., Hoover, R. N. & Faumeni, J. F. Jr (1987). Alcohol consumption and breast cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 78, 657–661.Google ScholarPubMed
Helferich, W. G. (1996). Paradoxical effects of the soy phytoestrogen, genistein, on growth of human breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Proceedings of a Meeting on Modulation of Chemical Toxicity and Risk Assessment (In the Press).Google Scholar
Hirohata, T., Shigematsu, T., Nomura, A., Nomura, Y., Horie, A. & Hirohata, I. (1985). Occurrence of breast cancer in relation to diet and reproductive history: a case-control study in Fukuoka, Japan. National Cancer Institute Monographs 69, 187–190.Google ScholarPubMed
Howe, G., Rohan, T., DeCarli, A., Iscovich, J., Kaldor, J., Katsouyanni, K., Marubini, E., Miller, A., Riboli, E., Toniolo, P. & Trichopoulos, D. (1991). The association between alcohol and breast cancer risk: evidence from the combined analysis of six dietary case control studies. International Journal of Cancer 47, 707–710.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Howe, G. R., Hirohata, T., Hislop, T. G., Iscovish, J. M., Yuan, J. M., Katsouyanni, K., Lubin, F., Marubini, E., Modan, B., Rhohan, T., Toniolo, P. & Shunzhang, Y. (1990). Dietary factors and risk of breast cancer. combined analysis of 12 case-control studies. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 82, 561–569.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Huang, M. -T. & Ferraro, T. (1992). Phenolic compounds in food and cancer prevention. Phenolic Compounds in Food and Their Effects on Health, vol. 2: Antioxidants and Cancer Prevention, ACS Symposium Series 502, pp. 8–33 [Huang, M.-T., Ho, C.-T. and Lee, C. Y.] Washington, DC: American Chemical Society.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hulka, B. S. (1989). Dietary fat and breast cancer: Case-control and cohort studies. Preventive Medicine 18, 180–193.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hunter, D. J., Spiegelman, D., Adami, H.-O., Beeson, L., Van den Brandt, P. A., Folsom, A. R., Fraser, G. E., Goldbohm, A., Graham, S., Howe, G. R., Kushi, L. H., Marshall, J. R., McDermott, A., Miller, A. B., Speizer, F. E., Wold, A., Yuan, S.-S. & Willett, W. (1996). Cohort studies of fat intake and the risk of breast cancer – a pooled analysis. New England Journal of Medicine 334, 356–361.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hunter, D. J. & Willett, W. C. (1993). Diet, size and breast cancer. Epidemiologic Reviews 15, 110–132.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hunter, D. J. & Willett, W. C. (1996). Nutrition and breast cancer. Cancer Causes and Control 7, 56–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kardinaal, A. F. M., van'tVeer, P., Kok, F. J., Kohlmeier, L., Martin-Moreno, J. M., Huttunen, J. K., Hallen, M., Aro, A., Galvex, R., Gomez-Aracena, J., Kark, J. D., Martin, B. C., Mazaev, V. P., Riemersma, R. A., Ringstad, J., Strain, J. J. & Zatonsky, W. (1993). EURAMIC Study: Antioxidants, myocardial infarction and breast cancer. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 47, Suppl. 2 64–71.Google ScholarPubMed
Kinsella, J. E., Hwang, D. H., Yu, P., Mai, J. & Shrimp, J. (1979). Prostaglandins and their precursors in tissues from rats fed on trans, trans-lineolate. Biochemical Journal 184, 701–704.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knekt, P. (1988). Serum vitamin E level and risk of female cancers. International Journal of Epidemiology 17, 281–288.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kohlmeier, L. (1997). Biomarkers of fatty acid exposure and breast cancer risk. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (In the Press).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kohlmeier, L. & Kohlmeier, M. (1995). Adipose tissue as a medium for epidemiologic exposure assessment. Environmental Health Perspectives 103, Suppl. 3 99–106.Google ScholarPubMed
Kohlmeier, L., Simonsen, N., Margolin, B. & Tharam, M. (1995). Stores of trans fatty acids and breast cancer risk. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 61, 896.Google Scholar
Koletzko, B. (1992). Trans fatty acids may impair biosynthesis of long-chain polyunsaturates and growth in man. Acta Paediatrica 81, 302–306.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Krieger, N., Wolff, M. S., Hiatt, R. A., Rivera, M., Vogelman, J. & Orentreich, N. (1994). Breast cancer and serum organochlorines: a prospective study among white, black and Asian women. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 86, 589–599.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
LaVecchia, C., Negri, E., Franceschi, S., Decarli, A., Giacosa, A. & Lipworth, L. (1995). Olive oil, other dietary fats, and the risk of breast cancer (Italy). Cancer Causes and Control 6, 545–550.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lawson, L. D., Hill, E. G. & Holman, R. T. (1983). Suppression of arachidonic acid in lipids of rat tissues by dietary mixed isometrics and trans octadecenoates. Journal of Nutrition 113, 1827–1835.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lichtman, S. W., Pisarska, K., Herman, E. R., Prestone, M., Dowling, H., Offenbacher, E., Weisel, H., Heshka, S., Matthews, D. E. & Heymsfield, S. B. (1992). Discrepancy between self-reported and actual caloric intake and exercise in obese subjects. New England Journal of Medicine 327, 1893–1898.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lobbezzoo, I. E., van't Veer, P., Martin-Moreno, J. M., Guallar, E. L., Gomez-Aracena, J., Kardinaal, A. F. M., Kohlmeier, L., Martin, B. C., Strain, J. J., Thamm, M., van Zoonen, P., Baumann, B. A. & Kok, F. J. (1997). Adipose DDE and risk of post-menopausal breast cancer in Europe: the EURAMIC study. British Medical Journal (In the Press).Google Scholar
London, S. J., Sacks, F. M., Caesar, J., Stampfer, M. J., Siguel, E. & Willett, W. C. (1991). Fatty acid composition of subcutaneous adipose tissue and diet in post-menopausal US women. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 54, 340–345.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
London, S. J., Sacks, F. M., Stampfer, M. J., Henderson, I. C., Madwe, M., Tomita, A., Wood, W. C., Remine, C., Robert, N. J., Dmochowski, R. & Willett, W. (1993). Fatty acid composition of subcutaneous adipose tissue and risk of proliferative benign breast disease and breast cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 85, 785–793.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Longnecker, M. P. (1994). Alcoholic beverage consumption in relation to risk of breast cancer: meta-analysis and review. Cancer Causes and Control 5, 73–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Longnecker, M. P., Newcomb, P. A., Mittendorf, R., Greenberg, R. E., Clapp, R. W., Bogdan, G. F., Baron, J., MacMahon, B. & Willett, W. C. (1995a). Risk of breast cancer in relation to lifetime alcohol consumption. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 12, 923–929.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Longnecker, M. P., Paganini-Hill, A. & Ross, R. K. (1995a). Lifetime alcohol consumption and breast cancer risk among post-menopausai women in Los Angeles. Cancer Epidermiology Biomarkers and Prevention 4, 721–725.Google ScholarPubMed
Lu, L. W., Anderson, K. E., Grady, J. J. & Nagamani, M. (1996). Effects of soya consumption for one month on steroid hormones in premenopausal women: Implications for breast cancer risk reduction. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 5, 63–70.Google ScholarPubMed
McDanell, R., McLean, A. E., Hanley, A. B., Heaney, R. K. & Fenwick, G. R. (1989). The effect of feeding Brassica vegetables and intact glucosinolates on mixed-function-oxidase activity in the livers and intestines of rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology 27, 289–293.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mahfouz, M. M., Smith, T. L. & Kummerow, F. A. (1984). Effect of dietary fats on desaturase activities and the biosynthesis of fatty acids in rat-liver microsomes. Lipids 19, 214–222.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Martin-Moreno, J. M., Willett, W. C., Gorgojo, L., Banegas, J. R., Rodriguez-Artalejo, F., Fernandez-Rodriguez, J. C., Maisonneuve, P. & Boyle, P. (1994). Dietary fat, olive oil intake and breast cancer risk. International Journal of Cancer 58, 774–780.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Marubini, E., Decarli, A., Costa, A., Mazzoleni, C., Andreoli, C., Barbieri, A., Capitelli, E., Carlucci, M., Cavallo, F., Monferroni, N., Pastorino, U. & Salvini, S. (1988). The relationship of dietary intake and serum levels of retinol and beta-carotene with breast cancer. Cancer 61, 173–180.3.0.CO;2-P>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Messina, M. J., Persky, V., Setchell, K. D. R. & Barnes, S. (1994). Soy intake and cancer risk.: A review of the in vitro and in vivo data. Nutrition and Cancer 21, 113–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michnovicz, J. J. & Bradlow, H. L. (1991). Altered oestrogen metabolism and excretion in humans following consumption of indole-3-carbinol. Nutrition and Cancer 16, 59–66.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Newfield, L., Goldsmith, A., Bradlow, H. L. & Auborn, K. (1993). Oestrogen metabolism and human papillomavirus-induced tumors of the larynx: Chemo-prophylaxis with indole-3-carbinol. Anticancer Research 13, 337–341.Google ScholarPubMed
Nogushi, M., Rose, D. P., Earashi, M. & Miyazaki, I. (1995). The role of fatty acids and eicosanoid synthesis inhibitors in breast carcinoma. Oncology 52, 265–271.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olsen, S. F., Hansen, H. S., Sandstrom, B. & Jensen, B. (1995). Erythrocyte levels compared with reported dietary intake of marine n–3 fatty acids in pregnant women. British Journal of Nutrition 73, 387–395.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Paganini-Hill, A., Chao, A., Ross, R. K. & Henderson, B. E. (1987). Vitamin A, β-carotene, and the risk of cancer: a prospective study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 79, 443–448.Google ScholarPubMed
Palmgren, J. (1993). Controlling for total energy intake in regression models for assessing macronutrient effects on disease. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 47, Suppl. 2 S46–S50.Google ScholarPubMed
Potischman, M., McCulloch, C. E., Byers, T., Nemoto, T., Stubbe, N., Milch, R., Parker, R., Rasmussen, K. M., Root, M., Graham, S. & Campbell, T. C. (1990). Breast cancer and dietary and plasma concentrations of carotenoids and vitamin A. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 52, 909–915.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Prentice, R. L. & Sheppard, L. (1989). Validity of international, time trend, and migrant studies of dietary factors and disease risk. Preventive Medicine 18, 167–179.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Prestera, T., Holtzclaw, W. D., Zhang, Y. & Talalay, P. (1993). Chemical anrl molecular regulation of enzymes that detoxify carcinogens. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 90, 2965–2969.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reichman, M. E., Judd, J. T., Longcope, C. & Schatzkin, A. (1993). Effects of alcohol consumption on plasma and urinary hormone concentrations in premenopausal women. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 85, 722–727.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rohan, T. E., McMichael, A. J. & Baghurst, P. A. (1988). A population-based case–control study of diet and breast cancer in Australia. American Journal of Epidemiology 128, 478–489.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Safe, S. H. (1995). Environmental and dietary estrogens and human health: Is there a problem?. Environmental Health Perspectives 103, 346–351.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scholar, E. M., Wolterman, K., Birt, D. F. & Bresnick, E. (1989). The effect of diets enriched in cabbage and collards on urine pulmonary metastasis. Nutrition and Cancer 12, 121–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simonsen, M., Strain, J. J., van'tVeer, P., Kardinaal, A., Fernandez-Crehuet, J., Huttunen, J., Martin-Moreno, J. M., Martin, B., Thamm, M., Kok, F. & Kohlmeier, L. (1996). Adipose tissue ω-3 fatty acids and breast cancer in a population of European women. American Journal of Epidemiology 143, Suppl.135Abstr.Google Scholar
Stoewsand, G. S., Anderson, J. L. & Munson, L. (1988). Protective effect of dietary Brussels sprouts against mammary carcinogenesis in Sprague-Dawley rats. Cancer Letters 39, 199–207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sutherland, S. E., Benard, V. B., Keil, J. E., Austin, H. & Hoel, D. G. (1996). Pesticides and twenty-year risk of breast cancer. American Journal of Epidemiology 143, Suppl. 135Abstr.Google Scholar
Telang, N. T., Bradlow, H. L. & Osborne, M. P. (1992). Molecular and endocrine biomarkers in non-involved breast: Relevance to cancer chemoprevention. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 16G, Suppl., 161–169.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Temple, N. J. & Basu, T. K. (1987). Selenium and cabbage and colon carcinogensis in mice. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 79, 1131–1134.Google Scholar
Temple, N. J. & El Khatib, S. M. (1987). Cabbage and vitamin E: their effect on colon tumour formation in mice. Cancer Letters 35, 71–77.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thomas, D. B. (1995). Alcohol as a cause of cancer. Environmental Health Perspectives 103, 153–160.Google ScholarPubMed
Toniolo, P., Riboli, E., Protta, F., Charrel, M. & Cappa, A. P. M. (1989). Breast cancer and alcohol consumption: a case-control study in Northern Italy. Cancer Research 49, 5203–5206.Google ScholarPubMed
Trichopolou, A., Katsouyanni, K., Stuver, S., Tzala, L., Gnardellis, C., Rimm, E. & Trichopoulos, D. (1995). Consumption of olive oil and specific food groups in relation to breast cancer risk in Greece. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 87, 110–116.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van't Veer, P., Kok, F. J., Hermus, R. J. & Sturmans, F. (1989). Alcohol dose, frequency and age at first exposure in relation to the risk of breast cancer. International Journal of Epidemiology 18, 511–517.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
van'tVeer, P., Strain, J. J., Fernandez-Crehuet, J., Martin, B. C., Thamm, M., Kardinaal, A. F. M., Kohlmeier, L., Huttunen, H. K., Martin-Moreno, J. M. & Kok, F. J. (1996). Tissue antioxidants and post-menopausal breast cancer: The European Community multicentre study on antioxidants, myocardial infarction and cancer of the breast (EURAMIC). Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 5, 441–447.Google Scholar
Wald, N. J., Boreham, J., Hayward, J. L. & Bulbrook, R. D. (1984). Plasma retinol, beta-carotene and vitamin E levels in relation to future risk of breast cancer. British Journal of Cancer 49, 321–324.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wald, N. J., Thompson, S. G., Densem, J. W., Boreham, J. & Bailey, A. (1988). Serum beta-carotene and subsequent risk of cancer: Results from the BUPA Study. British Journal of Cancer 57, 428–433.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wallenberg, L. W. (1983). Inhibition of neoplasia by minor dietary constituents. Cancer Research 43, 2448S–2453S.Google Scholar
Willett, W. C., Polk, F., Underwood, B. A., Stampfer, M. J., Pressel, S., Rosner, B., Taylor, J. O., Schneider, K. & Hames, C. G. (1984). Relation of serum vitamin A and E and carotenoids to the risk of cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 310, 430–434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wolff, M. S. & Toniolo, P. (1995). Environmental organochlorine exposure as a potential etiologic factor in breast cancer. Environmental Health Perspectives 103, Suppl. 7, 141–145.Google ScholarPubMed
Wolff, M. S., Toniolo, P., Lee, E., Rivera, M. & Dubin, N. (1993). Blood levels of organochlorine residues and risk of breast cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 85, 648–652.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Young, T. B. (1989). A case control study of breast cancer and alcohol consumption habits. Cancer 64, 552–558.3.0.CO;2-Y>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed