Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-l7hp2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T23:24:01.700Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Israel and the Islamist Challenge: Old Dilemmas, New Approaches

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 July 2018

Suheir Abu Oksa Daoud*
Affiliation:
Coastal Carolina University
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Suheir Daoud, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

This paper explains Israel's decision to outlaw the Islamic Movement Northern Faction in Israel (IMNF) and examines the methods and strategies adopted by the IMNF and its leaders that prompted the state's actions. Based on the British Defense Regulations from the British Mandate for Palestine, the State of Israel outlawed the IMNF on November 17, 2015, accusing the group of incitement, racism, and terrorism. Sheykh Kamal Khatib, former deputy leader of IMNF, declared that the IMNF had been a tool to serve the Islamic project and regardless of having been outlawed, the movement “would find a “thousand ways” to serve that project.’” I argue that the IMNF's shift in focus from the Palestinians to the larger Muslim community disrupted politics within Israel. Even so, Israel's policy change was based on political and personal calculations, rather than on national and regional security pressures.

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © Religion and Politics Section of the American Political Science Association 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abu Elnaser, Zaher. 2014. “Interview with Salah.” YouTube. July 25. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V3XyOjbXjrM (July 25, 2014).Google Scholar
Aburaiya, Issam. 2004. “The 1996 Split of the Islamic Movement in Israel: Between the Holy Text and Israeli-Palestinian Context.” International Journal of Politics, Culture, and Society 17(3):439455.Google Scholar
Adalah. 2000. “Attorney General Endorses Police Review of Violence at Umm el-Fahm; Forced to Re-Open Investigation after Public Outcry.” Adalah: The Legal Center for Arab Minority Rights in Israel, February 25. http://www.adalah.org/en/content/view/6045 (February 25, 2000).Google Scholar
Alhyat. 2015. “What did Raed Salah say about ISIS?” Youtube, March 6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9vpSTGQ6Pdc (Mar 6, 2015).Google Scholar
Almasar. 2017. “Awad Abd el-Fattah after his Resignation: I will remain a Soldier in the Nationalist Movement.” Almasar, January 29 [Arabic] http://almasar.co.il/art.php?ID=84763Google Scholar
Almsadir. 2016. “Awaiting the Announcement of a New Islamic Party in Israel after the Outlawing of the IM.” Almsadir. February 2. http://almsadir.com/news.aspx?cid=195&aid=1848 (February 2, 2016).Google Scholar
BBC Arabic. 2015. “Sheyhk Raed Salah Answers Questions about ISIS and the Caliphate.” Youtube, April 24. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=phVczmbe42o (April 24, 2015).Google Scholar
Barak, Ravid. 2015. “Behind the Scenes of Israel's Decision to Outlaw Islamic Movement's Northern Branch.” Haaretz, November 17. https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-1.686711 (November 17, 2015).Google Scholar
Cerna, Lucie. 2013. “The Nature of Policy Change and Implementation-A Review of Different Theoretical Approaches.” OECD, 1-26. https://www.oecd.org/edu/ceri/The%20Nature%20of%20Policy%20Change%20and%20Implementation.pdfGoogle Scholar
Daoud, Abu Oksa Suheir. 2009. Palestinian Women and Politics in Israel. Gainesville: Florida University Press.Google Scholar
Daoud, Abu Oksa Suheir. 2012. “Palestinian Working Women in Israel: National Oppression and Social Restraints.” Journal of Middle East Women's Studies 8(2) (Spring 2012):78101.Google Scholar
Daoud, Abu Oksa Suheir. 2016a. “Islamism, Nationalism and Modernization: The Case of the Islamist Movement in Israel.” Politics, Religion & Ideology 17(1) (Spring):1832.Google Scholar
Daoud, Abu Oksa Suheir. 2016b. “Women in the Islamic Movement in Israel.” Gender and Islamism- Special Issue, Frontiers: A Journal for Women Studies 37(3):2146.Google Scholar
Daoud, Abu Oksa Suheir. 2017a. “Islamism in Israel: Between Integration and Clash.” Middle East Online (March 27): 1-7 [Arabic]. http://www.middle-east-online.com/?id=245072Google Scholar
DaoudAbu Oksa, Suheir Abu Oksa, Suheir. 2017b. “Negotiating Space: The Construction of A New Spatial Identity for Palestinian Muslim Women in Israel.” Social Sciences 6(3):72 (July). http://www.mdpi.com/2076-0760/6/3/72/htmGoogle Scholar
Foreign Policy. 2014. “Israel and Hamas Need Each Other,” FP, July 16. http://foreignpolicy.com/2014/07/16/israel-and-hamas-need-each-other/ (July 16, 2014).Google Scholar
Ghanem, Asad. 2001a. Palestinian Arab Minority in Israel, 1948–2000. Albany: State University of New York Press.Google Scholar
Ghanem, Asad. 2001b. “The Israeli Regime and the Political Distress of the Palestinian Arab Minority in Israel.” A Position Paper submitted to the “OR Commission.”Google Scholar
Ghanem, Asad, and Mustafa, Mohanad. 2014. “Explaining Political Islam: The Transformation of Palestinian Islamic Movements.” British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 41(4):335354.Google Scholar
Haaretz. 2017. “Israelis Charged With Planning Terrorist Attack on Soldiers.” Haaretz. May 16. http://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/.premium-1.789622 (May 16, 2017).Google Scholar
Haklai, Oded. 2011. Ethnonationalism among Arabs in Israel. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Hall Peter, A. 1993. “Policy Paradigm, Social Learning, and the State: The Case of Economic Policy Making in Britain.” Comparative Politics. 25:275296.Google Scholar
Hareven, Aluf. 1998. “Towards the Year 2025: Is A Mutual Civic Society Possible for Arabs and Jews in Israel?.” In Democracy in Israel, ed. Benyamin Neuberger, Tel-Aviv: Open University of Tel-Aviv, 629630.Google Scholar
Israeli, Raphael. 1993. Muslim Fundamentalism in Israel. London: Brassey.Google Scholar
Jewish Virtual Library. 2017. “Vital Statistics: Latest Population Statistics for Israel.” Jewish Virtual Library, May. http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/latest-population-statistics-for-israel (May 2017).Google Scholar
Jewish Virtual Library. 2003. “Israeli Arabs: The Official Summation of the Or Commission Report.” Jewish Virtual Library, September 2. http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-official-summation-of-the-or-commission-report-september-2003 (September 2, 2003).Google Scholar
Kemp, Adriana. 2004. “Dangerous Population” State Territoriality and the Constitution of A National Minorities.” In Boundaries and Belonging: States and Societies in the Struggle to Shape, ed. Migdal, Joel S.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 7398.Google Scholar
Kiwan, Ma'moun. 2010. Palestinians in Their Homeland Not State. Beirut: al-Zitouni Center [Arabic].Google Scholar
Larkin, Craig, and Dumper, Michael. 2012. “In Defense of al-Aqsa: The Islamic Movement Inside Israel and the Battle for Jerusalem.” The Middle East Journal 66(1):3152.Google Scholar
Lustick, Ian. 1980. The Arabs in the Jewish State. Austin: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Miller, Elhanan. 2017. “Will Israeli Bedouins Chose the Israeli Army Over the Islamic Movement?” Tablet, May 11. http://www.tabletmag.com/jewish-news-and- politics/232779/bedouin-army-islamic-movement-negev-4 (May 11, 2017).Google Scholar
Nachman, Tal. 2000. “The Islamic Movement in Israel.” Strategic Assessment 2(4):1015.Google Scholar
Peleg, Ilan, and Waxman, Dov. 2011. Israel's Palestinians: The Conflict Within. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Peri, Yoram. 1998. “The Israeli-Arab Conflict and Israeli Democracy.” In Democracy in Israel, ed. Benyamin, Neuberger. Tel-Aviv: Open University of Tel-Aviv, 343357. [Hebrew].Google Scholar
Pierson, Paul. 2000. “Increasing Returns, Path Dependence and the Study of Politics.” American Political Science Review 94(2):251267.Google Scholar
Rabinowitz, Danny. 2001. “The Palestinian Citizens of Israel, the Concept of Trapped Minority and the Discourse of Transnationalism in Anthropology.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 24:6485.Google Scholar
Rekhess, Elie. 2014. “The Arab Minority in Israel: Reconsidering the ‘1948 Paradigm’.” Israel Studies 19(2):187217.Google Scholar
Roadstrum, Martha. 1989. “Perpetual Emergency: A Legal Analysis of Israel's Use of the British Defense Emergency Regulations, 1945.” In the Occupied Territories. Ramallah: al-Haq.Google Scholar
Rubin, Lawrence. 2014. “Islamic Political Activism in Israel: Analysis Paper,” 32, The Saban Center of Middle East Policy at Brookings, 1–20. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Rubin-web-FINAL.pdfGoogle Scholar
Rubin, Lawrence. 2015. “Why Israel Outlawed the Northern Branch of the Islamic Movement.” Brookings https://www.brookings.edu/blog/markaz/2015/12/07/why-israel-outlawed-the-northern-branch-of-the-islamic-movement/ (December 7).Google Scholar
Rubinstein, Danny. 2015. “Analysis: Outlawing Islamists, Boomerang Effect?” I24 News, November 18. https://www.i24news.tv/en/news/israel/diplomacy-defense/92804-151118-analysis-outlawing-islamists-boomerang-effect (November 18, 2015).Google Scholar
Shapira, Boas. 1998. “An Arab Minister in Israel: Past Obstacles and Future Challenges.” In Democracy in Israel, ed. Benyamin, Neuberger. Tel-Aviv: Open University of Tel-Aviv, 658-666. [Hebrew].Google Scholar
The Electronic Intifada. 2010. “Jerusalem is in Danger.” The Electronic Intifada. January 21. https://electronicintifada.net/content/jerusalem-danger/8634. (January 21, 2010).Google Scholar
The Future Vision of the Palestinian Arabs in Israel. 2006. Rinawi-Zoabi Ghaida, ed., (Nazareth: The National Committee for the Heads of Arab Local Authorities in Israel). http://reut-institute.org/data/uploads/PDFVer/ENG.pdf.Google Scholar
The Prime Minister's Office. 2015a. “Security Cabinet outlaws northern branch of Islamic Movement in Israel.” Press Release: The Prime Minister's Office, November 17. http://embassies.gov.il/MFA/PressRoom/2015/Pages/Security-Cabinet-outlaws-northern-branch-of-Islamic-Movement-in-Israel-17-Nov-2015.aspx (November 17, 2015).Google Scholar
The Prime Minister's Office. 2015b. “PM Netanyahu's Remarks at the State Memorial Ceremony for David Ben-Gurion in Sde Boker.” November 18. www.pmo.gov.il/mediacenter/speeches/documents/speechdavid181115eng.doc (November 18. 2015).Google Scholar
Times of Israel. 2017a. “Rocket Attacks on Israel.” Times of Israel, March 2. http://www.timesofisrael.com/rocket-attacks-on-israel-sparked-by-Hamas-crackdown-on-pro-is-groups-report/ (March 2, 2017). (November 18, 2015).Google Scholar
Times of Israel. 2017b. “The Rise of Raed Salah, Israel's Islamist leader who Wants Jerusalem at the Heart of a Caliphate.” Times of Israel. August 16. https://www.timesofisrael.com/the-rise-of-raed-salah-israels-islamist-leader-who-wants-jerusalem-at-the-heart-of-a-caliphate/ (August 16, 2017).Google Scholar
Woodward, Paul. 2010. “Did Israel target Raed Salah in the Mavi Marmara Raid?” War in Context, June 15. http://warincontext.org/2010/06/15/did-israel-target-raed-salah-in-the-mavi-marmara-raid/ (June 15, 2010).Google Scholar
Zuraik, Raif. 2016. “Readings on the Current Israeli Politics.” Institute of Palestine Studies 106 (Spring). [Arabic].Google Scholar