Alaska and Canada have recently been celebrating the one hundredth anniversary of those separate events, both occurring in 1867, which gave birth to their modern political alignment.

Because of its geographical position, Alaska's history, more than that of any other state of the union, developed in response to international events. Its original Russian occupation, and its acquisition by the United States a century ago, emerge from the history of eastern Siberia, and are related to events in the region of the river Amur, once a part of the ancient Chinese empire. Its purchase also carried with it a boundary dispute merging Alaska's history with that of western Canada.

The first reindeer were introduced into Canada for humanitarian rather than commercial reasons. Encouraged by the success achieved in Alaska, where 1280 reindeer imported by Dr Sheldon Jackson from Siberia between 1892 and 1902 had increased in a few years to several times that number, the missionary physician of Labrador, Wilfred Grenfell, hoped to develop a reindeer meat-and-dairy industry in his region, where tuberculosis was common and infant mortality high. In 1908, with financial support from the Boston Transcript and the Canadian Department of Agriculture, he bought 300 reindeer in Norway and brought them to St Anthony, Newfoundland. Under the supervision of four Lapp herders, the animals quickly adjusted to their new environment

The reindeer experiment in the Mackenzie Districtf continues as the Canadian Reindeer Project, the contract for which is held by Sven Johansson, an immigrant from Sweden where he had gained experience in reindeer husbandry at Jokkmok and elsewhere. He had been employed as project manager in March 1963 for two years by A. J. Oeming, who was then sole contractor, and in 1965 he took up the contract himself for one year; it has been renewed annually since then. Project headquarters remain at Reindeer Station. Responsibility for the Project's support and over-all control lies with the Federal Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development. The Inuvik Research Laboratory, 30 miles south of Reindeer Station, provides valuable technical assistance.

The Antarctic Treaty, which entered into force on 23 June 1961, has been widely welcomed. It marked the beginning of a new era in Antarctic politics and provided a basis for the further development of scientific co-operation. Article IX provides for the holding of meetings (generally known as “Consultative Meetings”) for the purposes of exchanging information, of consultation and of formulating measures in furtherance of the principles and objectives of the Treaty, including the “preservation and conservation of living resources in Antarctica”. The four Consultative Meetings held since the entry into force of the Treaty have adopted over twenty Recommendations on the conservation of wildlife, and in the short space of six years the Antarctic has been made subject to conservation measures which are more comprehensive than those in any other major region in the world. The seed sown in the Treaty has borne fruit in a remarkably short time. It is the purpose of this article to describe and comment, from the legal standpoint, upon these internationally agreed conservation measures.

28 October, Monday. Another grand day. During forenoon we packed all our sledges already for a start tomorrow if the weather is fine; in the afternoon we took the Ponies for a short stroll. The Camp just at present looks like a young township, sledges here, there and everywhere; tomorrow all being well it will be deserted except for 2 men who are remaining behind. These 2 men have got their work cut out also, they have to make a journey sometime next month to Cape Royds to study the bird life etc, ie (Penguins and Skuas), they have also to look after the Hut in general and stow all stores in the Pony stables.