Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T05:30:08.917Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Temperature-dependent reproduction and survival of Gyrodactylus salaris Malmberg, 1957 (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea) on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

P. A. Jansen  and
T. A. Bakke
P. A. Jansen
Affiliation:
Zoological Museum, University of Oslo, Sars Gt 1, N-0562 Oslo 5, Norway
T. A. Bakke
Affiliation:
Zoological Museum, University of Oslo, Sars Gt 1, N-0562 Oslo 5, Norway
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The relationship of survival and reproduction of Gyrodactylus salaris Malmberg on the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to water temperature (2·5–19·0 °C), was studied on the basis of temporal sequence of births and age at death of individual parasites on isolated salmon, and of infrapopulation growth on isolated and grouped salmon. Mean life-span of the parasite was negatively correlated with water temperature: 33·7 days at 2·5 °C and 4·5 days at 19·0 °C. The average number of offspring per parasite peaked between 6·5 and 13·0 °C, and was approximately 2·4 at these two temperatures. Both the period between the successive births of the offspring (max 4) and the estimated generation time were negatively correlated with temperature. The innate capacity for increase (rm) was positively correlated with temperature: from 0·02 (/parasite/day) at 2·5 °C to 0·22 (/parasite/day) at 19·0 °C. Growth of the infrapopulations was positively correlated with water temperature and was higher on isolated fish than on grouped fish, though less than the potential parasite population growth estimated from rm. In the infrapopulations the mean intensity of parasites continued to increase throughout all the experiments on both isolated fish and on grouped fish.

Keywords

Gyrodactylus salarisSalmo salarsurvivalreproductive ratetemperaturepopulation growth
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 102 , Issue 1 , February 1991 , pp. 105 - 112
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bakke, T. A., Jansen, P. A. & Hansen, L. P. (1990 a). Differences in the host resistance of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) stocks to the monogenean Gyrodactylus salaris Malmberg, 1957. Journal of Fish Biology (in the Press.)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bakke, T. A., Jansen, P. A. & Hansen, L. P. (1990 b). Experimental transmission of Gyrodactylus salaris Malmberg, 1957 (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea), from the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to the European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Canadian Journal of Zoology (in the Press.)Google Scholar
Bauer, O. N. (1959). The influence of environmental factors on reproduction of fish parasites. Voprosy Ekologii 3, 132–141. (Translation by Kabata, Z. & Margolis, L. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Biological Station, Nanaimo, B.C.)Google Scholar
Birch, L. C. (1948). The intrinsic rate of natural increase of an insect population. Journal of Animal Ecology 17, 15–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cole, L. C. (1954). The population consequences of life history phenomena. Quarterly Review of Biology 29, 103–37.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cone, D. K. & Cusack, R. (1989). Infrapopulation dispersal of Gyrodactylus colemanensis Mizell and Kritsky, 1967 (Monogenea) and the effect on fry of Salmo gairdneri Richardson. Journal of Parasitology 75, 702–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cusack, E. (1986). Development of infections of Gyrodactylus colemanensis Mizelle and Kritsky, 1967 (Monogenea) and the effect on fry of Salmo gairdneri Richardson. Journal of Parasitology 72, 663–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cusack, R. & Cone, D. K. (1986). Gyrodactylus salmonis (Yin and Sproston, 1948) parasitizing fry of Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 22, 209–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dublin, L. I. & Lotka, A. J. (1925). On the true rate of natural increase as exemplified by the population of the United States, 1920. Journal of the American Statistical Association 20, 305–39.Google Scholar
Ergens, R. (1976). Variability of hard parts of opisthaptor of two species of Gyrodactylus Nordmann, 1832 (Monogenoidea) from Phoxinus phoxinus L. Folia Parasitologica 23, 111–26.Google ScholarPubMed
Gelnar, M. (1987). Experimental verification of the effect of water temperature on micropopulation growth of Gyrodactylus katharineri Malmberg, 1964 (Monogenea) paraziting carp fry (Cyprinus carpio L.). Folia Parasitologica 34, 19–23.Google Scholar
Halvorsen, P. & Hartvigsen, R. (1989). A review of the biogeography and epidemiology of Gyrodactylus salaris. NINA Utredning 2, 1–14.Google Scholar
Harris, P. D. (1980). The effect of temperature on growth in the viviparous monogenean Gyrodactylus. Parasitology 81, xxvi.Google Scholar
Harris, P. D. (1985). Observations on the development of the male reproductive system in Gyrodactylus gasterostei Gläser, 1974 (Monogenea, Gyrodactylidea). Parasitology 91, 519–29.Google Scholar
Harris, P. D. (1988). Interactions between population growth and sexual reproduction in the viviparous monogenean Gyrodactylus turnbulli Harris, 1986 from the guppy, Poecilia reticulata Peters. Parasitology 98, 245–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoffman, G. L. & Putz, R. E. (1964). Studies on Gyrodactylus macrochiri n. sp. (Trematoda, Monogenea) from Lepomis macrochiri. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 31, 76–82.Google Scholar
Johnsen, B. O. (1978). The effect of an attack by the parasite Gyrodactylus salaris on the population of salmon parr in the river Lakselva, Misvaer in Northern Norway. Astarte 11, 7–9.Google Scholar
Johnsen, B. O. & Jensen, A. J. (1986). Infestations of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, by Gyrodactylus salaris in Norwegian rivers. Journal of Fish Biology 29, 233–41.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnsen, B. O. & Jensen, A. J. (1988). Introduction and establishment of Gyrodactylus salaris Malmberg, 1957, on Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., fry and parr in the river Vefsna, Northern Norway. Journal of Fish Diseases 11, 35–45.Google Scholar
Kamiso, H. N. & Olson, R. E. (1986). Host–parasite relationships between Gyrodactylus stellatus (Monogenea, Gyrodactylidea) and Parophrys vetulus (Pleuronectidae-English sole) from coastal waters of Oregon. Journal of Parasitology 72, 125–9.Google Scholar
Kirby, J. M. (1981). Seasonal occurrence of the ectoparasite Gyrodactylus atratuli on spotfin shiners. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 110, 462–4.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krebs, C. J. (1985). Ecology. The Experimental Analysis of Distribution and Abundance, 3rd Edn. New York: Harper and Row.Google Scholar
Lester, R. J. G. (1972). Attachment of Gyrodactylus to Gasterosteus and host response. Journal of Parasitology 58, 717–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lester, R. J. G. & Adams, J. R. (1974 a). Gyrodactylus alexanderi: reproduction, mortality, and effect on its host Gasterosteus aculeatus. Canadian Journal of Zoology 56, 827–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lester, R. J. G. & Adams, J. R. (1974 b). A simple model of a Gyrodactylus population. International Journal for Parasitology 4, 497–596.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lotka, A. J. (1913). A natural population norm. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 24, 199–216.Google Scholar
Malmberg, G. (1957). Om forekomsten av Gyrodactylus på svenska fiskar. Skr. Sodra Sveriges Fiskeforen. Ärsskrift 1965, 19–76. (In Swedish).Google Scholar
Malmberg, G. (1973). Gyrodactylus infestations on species of Salmo in Danish and Swedish hatcheries. Norwegian Journal of Zoology 21, 325–6.Google Scholar
Malmberg, G. (1988). Gyrodactylus salaris-infeksjoner, laxfisk-transporter och odling i Norden. Vattenbruk 2, 22–9.Google Scholar
Margolis, L., Esch, G. W., Holmes, J. C., Kuris, A. M. & Schad, G. A. (1982). The use of ecological terms in parasitology (report of an ad hoc committee of the American Society of Parasitologists). Journal of Parasitology 68, 131–3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, M. E. (1982). Reproductive potential of Gyrodactylus bullatarudis (Monogenea) on guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Parasitology 85, 217–36.Google Scholar
Scott, M. E. (1985). Experimental epidemiology of Gyrodactylus bullatarudis (Monogenea) on guppies (Poecilia reticulata): short and long term studies. In Ecology and Genetics of Host–Parasite Interactions (ed. Rollinson, D. & Anderson, R. M.), pp. 21–38. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Scott, M. E. & Anderson, R. M. (1984). The population dynamics of Gyrodactylus bullatarudis (Monogenea) within laboratory populations of the fish host Poecilia reticulata. Parasitology 89, 159–94.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Scott, M. E. & Nokes, D. J. (1984). Temperature dependent reproduction and survival of Gyrodactylus bullatarudis (Monogenea) on guppies (Poecilia reticulata). Parasitology 89, 221–7.Google Scholar
Scott, M. E. & Robinson, M. A. (1984). Challenge infections of Gyrodactylus bullatarudis (Monogenea) on guppies, Poecilia reticulata Peters, following treatment. Journal of Fish Biology 24, 581–6.Google Scholar
Sokal, R. R. & Rohlf, F. J. (1969). Biometry. New York: W. H. Freeman and Company.Google Scholar
Warren, K. S., Anderson, R. M., Capasso, V., Cliff, A. D., Dietz, K., Fenner, F., T-W-Fiennes, R. N., Grossman, Z., Knolle, H., Mann, P. G., Molineaux, L., Schad, G. A. & Schensle, D. (1982). Transmission: patterns and dynamics of infectious diseases. In Population Biology of Infectious Diseases (ed. Anderson, R. M. & May, R. M.), pp. 67–85. Dahlem Konferenzen, Life Sciences Research Report No. 25, Springer Verlag.Google Scholar