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Phylogenetic relationships of the family Campulidae (Trematoda) based on 18S rRNA sequences

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 October 1998

M. FERNANDEZ
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK Departamento de Biología Animal, Universitat de València, Dr Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain Current address: Departamento de Biología Animal, Universitat de València, Dr Moliner, 50, E-46100-Burjasot, Valencia, Spain. Tel: +34 96 398-3221. Fax: +34 96 3864372. E-mail: [email protected]
D. T. J. LITTLEWOOD
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK
A. LATORRE
Affiliation:
Departamento de Genética, Universitat de València, Dr Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain
J. A. RAGA
Affiliation:
Departamento de Biología Animal, Universitat de València, Dr Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain
D. ROLLINSON
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK

Abstract

Traditionally, the family Campulidae has been associated either with the family Fasciolidae, parasites of ruminants, or the Acanthocolpidae, parasites of fishes, based on morphological similarities. Since morphology does not seem to resolve clearly the problem of the relationships of campulids, we have used the sequences of the 18S rRNA gene of the campulids Zalophotrema hepaticum, Campula oblonga and Nasitrema globicephalae, the fasciolid Fasciola hepatica, the acanthocolpid Stephanostomum baccatum and the outgroup Schistosoma mansoni to infer a phylogeny. Maximum parsimony and neighbour-joining methods were applied. Both methods indicated that campulids are closer to acanthocolpids than fasciolids. In order to confirm this relationship, we generated a second phylogeny using all the partial sequences of the 18S published for trematodes: Lobatostoma manteri, Echinostoma caproni, Calicophoron calicophorum, Tetracerasta blepta, Gyliauchen sp. and Opistorchis viverrini, plus those mentioned above, and Dicrocoelium dendriticum. The aspidogastrean L. manteri was used as the outgroup. Results were identical to the first analysis. According to this and the most recent Digenean phylogeny, which considers campulids and acanthocolpids as sister groups, we suggest that a common origin for these 2 groups would imply a host-switching process. The life-cycle of acanthocolpids includes marine gastropods as first intermediate hosts, and fishes as second intermediate and definitive hosts. In this context, the hypothesis would be that trematodes whose cycle ended in fishes were able to switch to mammalian hosts.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
1998 Cambridge University Press

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