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Parasites in a man-made landscape: contrasting patterns of trematode flow in a fishpond area in Central Europe

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 April 2011

M. SOLDÁNOVÁ ,
A. FALTÝNKOVÁ ,
T. SCHOLZ  and
A. KOSTADINOVA
M. SOLDÁNOVÁ
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
A. FALTÝNKOVÁ
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
T. SCHOLZ
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
A. KOSTADINOVA*
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
*
*Corresponding author: Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic. Tel: +420 38 5310351. Fax: +420 38 5310388. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]
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Summary

We have explored a large body of novel data focusing on small-scale temporal and spatial patterns in the composition and structure of larval trematode communities in Lymnaea stagnalis (L.) from a typical Central European agricultural landscape. The 5 eutrophic fishponds studied provide excellent environments for the development of species-rich and abundant trematode communities. Nine prevalent species were consistently present in component communities, but had differential contribution to the parasite flow in the 5 ponds resulting in significant contrasting patterns of community similarity and the prevalence of the 3 major transmission guilds driving this similarity. Component communities split into 2 groups: (i) those from the large pond dominated by anatid and larid generalists with active miracidial transmission; and (ii) those from the smaller ponds dominated by 2 plagiorchioideans infecting snails via egg ingestion. We put forward 3 hypotheses for the remarkable differences in larval trematode flow in the similar and closely located eutrophic ponds: (i) species-specific differences in parasite colonization potential displayed by an ‘active-passive’ dichotomy in miracidial transmission strategies of the species; (ii) top-down effects of pond context on transmission pathways of the trematodes; and (iii) competition as an important mechanism in eutrophic environments with a bottom-up effect on component community structure.

Keywords

Lymnaea stagnalistrematode community structurespatial variationparasite floweutrophic fishpondsCentral Europe
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 138 , Issue 6 , May 2011 , pp. 789 - 807
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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