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Malaria pigment accelerates MTT – formazan exocytosis in human endothelial cells

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 October 2018

Sarah D'Alessandro ,
Yolanda Corbett Open the ORCID record for Yolanda Corbett [Opens in a new window] ,
Silvia Parapini ,
Federica Perego ,
Loredana Cavicchini ,
Lucia Signorini ,
Serena Delbue ,
Carla Perego ,
Pasquale Ferrante  and
Donatella Taramelli
...Show all authors
Sarah D'Alessandro
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
Yolanda Corbett
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
Silvia Parapini
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
Federica Perego
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
Loredana Cavicchini
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
Lucia Signorini
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
Serena Delbue
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
Carla Perego
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
Pasquale Ferrante
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
Donatella Taramelli
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
Nicoletta Basilico*
Affiliation:
Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
*
Author for correspondence: Nicoletta Basilico, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Haemozoin is a by-product of haemoglobin digestion by intraerythrocytic malaria parasites, which induces immunologic responses on different tissues, including endothelial cells. In the present paper, the incubation of human microvascular endothelial cells with haemozoin significantly inhibited MTT reduction, a measure of cytotoxicity, without increasing the release of cytoplasmic lactate dehydrogenase. Moreover, haemozoin did not induce apoptosis or cell cycle arrest nor decreased the number of live cells, suggesting that cells viability itself was not affected and that the inhibition of MTT reduction was only apparent and probably due to accelerated MTT-formazan exocytosis. After 30 min of MTT addition, a significant increase in the % of cells exocytosing MTT formazan crystals was observed in haemozoin-treated cells compared with control cells. Such an effect was partially reversed by the addition of genistein, an inhibitor of MTT-formazan exocytosis. The rapid release of CXCL-8, a preformed chemokine contained in Weibel–Palade bodies, confirmed that haemozoin induces a perturbation of the intracellular endothelial trafficking, including the exocytosis of MTT-formazan containing vesicles. The haem moiety of haemozoin is responsible for the observed effect. Moreover, this work underlines that MTT assay should not be used to measure cytotoxicity induced by haemozoin and other methods should be preferred.

Keywords

Endothelial cellshaemozoinmalariaMTT reduction
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 146 , Issue 3 , March 2019 , pp. 399 - 406
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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