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Local differences in immunocompetence reflect resistance of sticklebacks against the eye fluke Diplostomum pseudospathaceum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 September 2005

M. KALBE  and
J. KURTZ
M. KALBE
Affiliation:
Max Planck Institute for Limnology, Department of Evolutionary Ecology, August-Thienemann-Strasse 2, D-24306 Plön, Germany
J. KURTZ
Affiliation:
Max Planck Institute for Limnology, Department of Evolutionary Ecology, August-Thienemann-Strasse 2, D-24306 Plön, Germany Present address: Experimental Ecology, Universitätsstrasse 16, ETH-Zentrum, CHN JR.1, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Abstract

We investigated population differences in immunological adaptation of three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) to one of their most abundant macroparasites, the eye fluke Diplostomum pseudospathaceum. We compared infection success in lab-bred fish of 2 populations in northern Germany, from a lake, where eye flukes are prevalent, and a river, where these parasites do not occur. In order to discriminate between protection through innate and acquired immunity, we exposed fish either only once or repeatedly. Lake fish were significantly less susceptible than river sticklebacks already after a single exposure, indicating that in sympatric hosts innate immunity plays the major role in the defence against this helminth infection. In both habitat types, previous exposures only marginally decreased infection rates within 12 weeks. Lake fish showed higher immunocompentence by means of respiratory burst activity and spleen size, regardless of the infection status. Furthermore, they were in a better energy status than river fish, as indicated by a higher hepatosomatic index and haematocrit value. Interestingly, F1 hybrid fish of both populations ranged between the pure habitat types in parasite susceptibility as well as in immunological and condition parameters. Our results suggest that sticklebacks from lakes are better adapted to cope with higher parasite abundance in this habitat.

Keywords

parasite-host coevolutionlocal adaptationfishinnate immunityrespiratory burstacquired immunityhybridhabitat
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 132 , Issue 1 , January 2006 , pp. 105 - 116
Copyright
© 2005 Cambridge University Press

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