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The interaction of host and nematode galectins influences the outcome of gastrointestinal nematode infections

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 January 2021

Katarzyna Donskow-Łysoniewska Open the ORCID record for Katarzyna Donskow-Łysoniewska [Opens in a new window] ,
Marta Maruszewska-Cheruiyot  and
Michael Stear Open the ORCID record for Michael Stear [Opens in a new window]
Katarzyna Donskow-Łysoniewska*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitology, General Karol Kaczkowski Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163Warsaw, Poland
Marta Maruszewska-Cheruiyot
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Parasitology, General Karol Kaczkowski Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163Warsaw, Poland
Michael Stear
Affiliation:
Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, Agribio, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC3086, Australia
*
Author for correspondence: Katarzyna Donskow-Łysoniewska, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Galectins are a family of proteins that bind β-galactosides and play key roles in a variety of cellular processes including host defence. They have been well studied in hosts but less so in gastrointestinal nematodes. Both host and parasite galectins are present in the gastrointestinal tract following infection. Parasite galectins can both bind antibody, especially highly glycosylated IgE and be bound by antibody. Parasite galectins may act as molecular sponges that soak up antibody. Host galectins promote mast cell degranulation while parasite galectins inhibit degranulation. Host and parasite galectins can also bind mucins and influence mucus viscosity. As the protective response against gastrointestinal nematode infection is partly dependent on IgE mediated mast cell degranulation and mucus, the interactions between host and parasite galectins play key roles in determining the outcome of infection.

Keywords

Galectinhost–parasite interactionIgEmast cellmucinsmucus
Type
Review Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 148 , Issue 6 , May 2021 , pp. 648 - 654
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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