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Evaluation of cholesterol content and impact on antigen exposure in the outer lipid bilayer of adult schistosomes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2007

H. TALLIMA ,
M. HAMADA  and
R. EL RIDI
H. TALLIMA
Affiliation:
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
M. HAMADA
Affiliation:
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
R. EL RIDI*
Affiliation:
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, Egypt
*
*Corresponding author. Tel: 002 02 567 6708. Fax: 002 02 760 3735. E-mail: [email protected]
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Summary

Developing and adult Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium intact worms do not bind specific antibodies, likely because of structural and biochemical modifications of the outer lipid bilayer. We have estimated the amount of cholesterol in the apical membrane of adult schistosomes via extraction with the membrane-impermeable, cholesterol-binding drug, methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MBCD), followed by filipin staining of the worms, and evaluation of the amount of cholesterol released in the medium by a commercially available, enzymatic colorimetric assay. Positive correlations between amount of released cholesterol, MBCD concentration, and worm number and age provided evidence for the sensitivity and validity of the newly developed method. Treatment with 40 mm MBCD for 2 h at 37°C led to total loss of cholesterol from the worm outer membrane, as assessed by filipin staining, and the released cholesterol values were used to estimate the amount of cholesterol per worm and per an approximate surface area unit. Additionally, total depletion of outer membrane cholesterol was associated with exposure of surface membrane antigens to specific antibody binding in 50% and 70% of S. haematobium and S. mansoni worms, respectively. These findings together suggest that cholesterol is an essential, but not the sole, factor in sequestration of surface membrane antigens in schistosomes.

Keywords

Schistosoma mansoniSchistosoma haematobiumcholesterol contentmethyl-β-cyclodextrinsurface membrane antigens
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 134 , Issue 12 , November 2007 , pp. 1775 - 1783
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2007

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