Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T15:36:36.106Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Energy requirements in human pregnancy, in human nutrition and parasitic infection

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

J. V. G. A. Durnin
J. V. G. A. Durnin
Affiliation:
Institute of Physiology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The energy requirement of pregnancy reflects a problem which contains a great deal of uncertainty. To supply the theoretical energy needs for the increases in maternal and foetal tissues and to cover the elevated basal metabolic rate involves an amount equivalent to an extra 250–300 kcal/day on average, but in real-life situations there is seldom a rise in dietary energy of a comparable quantity. Data from co-ordinated longitudinal studies in four countries, together with results from other published papers, show energy intakes increasing by only 100–150 kcal/day, and only in the third trimester. Although it is difficult to demonstrate, the probability is that there are energy savings in reduced physical activity which compensate for the larger energy needs.

Keywords

Pregnancyenergy requirementsenergy intakes
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 107 , supplement S1: Human nutrition and parasitic infection , January 1993 , pp. S169 - S175
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Blackburn, M. W. & Calloway, D. G. (1976). Energy expenditure and consumption of mature, pregnant and lactating women. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 69, 29–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crompton, D. W. T. (1984). Influence of parasitic infection on food intake. Federation Proceedings 43, 239–45.Google ScholarPubMed
Durnin, J. V. G. A. (1987). Energy requirements of pregnancy: An integration of the longitudinal data from the five-country study. Lancet ii, 1131–3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Durnin, J. V. G. A., McKillop, F. M., Grant, S. & Fitzgerald, G. (1987). Energy requirements of pregnancy in Scotland. Lancet ii, 897–900.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Doyle, W., Crawford, M. A., Laurance, E. M. & Drury, P. (1982). Dietary survey during pregnancy in a low socio-economic group. Human Nutrition: Applied Nutrition 36A, 95–106.Google Scholar
English, R. M. & Hitchcock, N. E. (1968). Nutrient intakes during pregnancy, lactation and after the cessation of lactation in a group of Australian women. British Journal of Nutrition 22, 615–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grafe, H. K. (1983). Dietary intake during pregnancy. In On the Role of Nutrition in Normal Human Pregnancy (ed. van den Berg, H. & Bruinse, H. W.), pp. 175–178. Utrecht: University of Utrecht Press.Google Scholar
Greenfield, H. & Clark, J. (1975). Energy compensation in childbearing in young Lufa women. Papua New Guinea Medical Journal.Google Scholar
Haste, F. M., Brooke, O. G., Anderson, H. R., Bland, J. M., Shaw, A., Griffin, J. & Peacock, J. L. (1990). Nutrient intakes during pregnancy: observations on the influence of smoking and social class. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 51, 29–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hytten, F. E. & Chamberlain, G. V. P. (1980). Clinical Physiology in Obstetrics. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.Google Scholar
Hytten, F. E. & Leitch, I. (1971). The Physiology of Human Pregnancy, 2nd edn.Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.Google Scholar
Krasovec, K. & Anderson, M. A. (1991). Maternal Nutrition and Pregnancy Outcomes: Anthropometric Assessment. Washington, D.C.: Pan American Health Organization and World Health Organization. Scientific Publication No. 529.Google Scholar
Lunell, N. O., Persson, B. & Sterky, G. (1983). Energy and nutrient intake according to parity, smoking behaviour, season and pregnancy outcome. In On the Role of Nutrition in Normal Human Pregnancy (ed. van den Berg, H. & Bruinse, H. W.), pp. 179–180. Utrecht: University of Utrecht Press.Google Scholar
Saowakontha, S., Pongpaew, P., Shelp, F. P., Rojsathaporn, K., Intarakha, C., Pipitgool, V., Mahaweerawat, U., Lumbiganon, P., Sriboonlue, P., Sanchaisuriya, P., Vudhivai, M., Supawan, V., Hinz, E., Hempfling, A., Bohning, D. & Migasena, P. (1992). Pregnancy, nutrition and parasitic infection of rural and urban women in northeast Thailand. Nutrition Research 12, 929–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schofield, C., Wheeler, E. & Stewart, J. (1987). The diets of pregnant and post-pregnant women in different social groups in London and Edinburgh: energy, protein, fat and fibre. British Journal of Nutrition 58, 369–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thasanasuwan, W. (1992). A longitudinal study of energy intake and anthropometry in rural pregnant Thai women. MSc Thesis, Glasgow University.Google Scholar
Thongprasert, K., Tanphaichitre, V., Valyasevi, A., Kittigool, J. & Durnin, J. V. G. A. (1987). Energy requirements of pregnancy in rural Thailand. Lancet ii, 1010–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tuazon, M. A. G., van Raaij, J. M. A., Hautvast, J. G. A. J. & Barba, C. V. C. (1987). Energy requirements of pregnancy in the Philippines. Lancet ii, 1129–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raaij, J. M. A. van, Vermatt-Miedema, S. H., Schonk, C. M., Peek, M. E. M. & Hautvast, J. G. A. J. (1987). Energy requirements of pregnancy in The Netherlands. Lancet ii, 953–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rijst, M. P. J. van den (1983). Nutrient intake relative to recommended daily allowances. In On the Role of Nutrition in Normal Human Pregnancy (ed. Berg, H. van den & Bruinse, H. W.), pp. 181–185. Utrecht: University of Utrecht Press.Google Scholar
Whitehead, R. G., Paul, A. A., Black, A. E. & Wiles, S. J. (1981). Recommended Dietary Amounts of Energy for Pregnancy and Lactation in the United Kingdom. UNU Food and Nutrition Bulletin (supplement 5), pp. 259–64.Google Scholar