Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T18:27:30.122Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Distribution and clustering of Oesophagostomum bifurcum and hookworm infections in Northern Ghana

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 January 2006

J. B. ZIEM ,
A. OLSEN ,
P. MAGNUSSEN ,
J. HORTON ,
E. AGONGO ,
R. B. GESKUS  and
A. M. POLDERMAN
J. B. ZIEM
Affiliation:
Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Parasitology, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands University for Development Studies, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, P.O. Box TL1883, Tamale, Ghana
A. OLSEN
Affiliation:
DBL-Institute for Health Research and Development, Jaegersborg Alle 1 D, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark
P. MAGNUSSEN
Affiliation:
DBL-Institute for Health Research and Development, Jaegersborg Alle 1 D, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark
J. HORTON
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Liverpool University, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK
E. AGONGO
Affiliation:
Ghana Health Service, P.O. Box 298, Wa U.W.R., Ghana
R. B. GESKUS
Affiliation:
Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics P.O. Box 9604, 2300 RC and Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, P.O. Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
A. M. POLDERMAN
Affiliation:
Leiden University Medical Centre, Department of Parasitology, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Human Oesophagostomum infections are locally common in northern Ghana. The present study describes the results of a cross-sectional survey involving 1011 subjects, selected by a compound-based random sampling method from 1227 compounds in 24 villages. Selected persons were examined by both Kato and coproculture methods. Hookworm-like eggs, representing ova of Oesophagostomum bifurcum and hookworm were detected in 87·5% of the Kato smears. The geometric mean egg count of the infected subjects was 1018. Upon coproculture, third-stage larvae of O. bifurcum and hookworm were detected in 53·0% and 86·9% of subjects respectively. Oesophagostomum infections were clustered but no clear explanation for aggregation of infections could be found as yet. Subjects infected with hookworm had a 5-fold higher risk of being infected with O. bifurcum. Infection rates in adult women were higher than in adult men. No association was found with family size, level of hygiene or with the presence of animals in the compounds. Representatives of the Bimoba-tribe were significantly more infected than those of the other tribes. It appears, however, that this tribal association is a geographical phenomenon: Bimoba are mostly living in villages with the highest infection rates.

Keywords

Oesophagostomum bifurcumhookwormcoprocultureclusteringGhana
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 132 , Issue 4 , April 2006 , pp. 525 - 534
Copyright
2006 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Barrowclough, H. and Crome, L. ( 1979). Oesophagostomiasis in man. Tropical and Geographical Medicine 31, 133–138.Google Scholar
Barutzki, D. and Gothe, R. ( 1998). Studies on the migration and translation of larvae of Oesophagostomum quadrispinulatum out of faeces. Journal of Veterinary Medicine 45, 23–33.Google Scholar
Baylet, R. J. and Paillet, R. J. ( 1959). Abces musculaire par Oesophagostomum (Dakar) Bulletin de la Société de Patholigie Exotique 52, 32–34.Google Scholar
Blotkamp, J., Krepel, H. P., Kumar, V., Baeta, S., Van't Noordende, J. M. and Polderman, A. M. ( 1993). Observations on the morphology of adults and larval stages of Oesophagostomum spp. isolated from man in northern Togo and Ghana. Journal of Helminthology 67, 49–61.Google Scholar
Brooker, S., Beasley, M., Ndinaromtan, M., Madjiouroum, E. M., Baboguel, M., Djenguinabe, E., Hay, S. I. and Bundy, D. A. ( 2002). Use of remote sensing and a geographical information system in a national helminth control programme in Chad. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 80, 783–789.Google Scholar
Chan, L., Bundy, D. A. P. and Kan, S. P. ( 1994). Aggregation and predisposition to Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura at the familial level. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 88, 46–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conway, D. J., Hall, A., Anwar, K. S., Rahman, M. L. and Bundy, D. A. P. ( 1995). Household aggregation of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Bangladesh. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 89, 258–261.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dash, K. M. ( 1973). The life cycle of Oesophagostomum columbianum (Curtice, 1890) in sheep. International Journal for Parasitology 3, 843–851.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
de Gruijter, J. M., Ziem, J., Verweij, J. J., Polderman, A. M. and Gasser, R. B. ( 2004). Genetic substructuring within Oesophagostomum bifurcum (Nematoda) from human and non-human primates from Ghana based on random amplification of polymorphic DNA analysis. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 71, 227–233.Google Scholar
de Gruijter, J. M., Gasser, R. B., Polderman, A. M., Asigri, V. and Dijkshoorn, L. ( 2005 a). High resolution DNA fingerprinting by AFLP to study the genetic variation among Oesophagostomum bifurcum (Nematoda) from human and non-human primates from Ghana. Parasitology 129, 1–9.Google Scholar
de Gruijter, J. M., van Lieshout, L., Gasser, R. B., Verweij, J. J., Brienen, E. A., Ziem, J. B., Yelifari, L. and Polderman, A. M. ( 2005 b). Polymerase chain reaction-based differential diagnosis of Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus infections in humans in northern Ghana. Journal of Tropical Medicine and International Health 10, 574–580.Google Scholar
Eberhard, M. L., Kovacs-Nace, Blotkamp, J., Verweij, J. J., Asigri, V. A. and Polderman, A. M. ( 2001). Experimental Oesophagostomum bifurcum in Monkeys. Journal of Helminthology 75, 51–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forrester, J. E., Scott, M. E., Bundy, D. A. P. and Golden, M. H. N. ( 1988). Clustering of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura infections within households. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 82, 282–288.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fossing, E. C., Knudsen, T. S., Bjorn, H. and Nansen, P. ( 1995). Development of the free-living stages of Hyostrongylus rubidus and Oesophagostomum spp. at different temperatures and humidities. Journal of Helminthology 69, 7–11.Google Scholar
Gigase, P., Baeta, S., Kumar, V. and Brandt, J. ( 1987). Frequency of symptomatic human Oesophagostomiasis (Helminthoma) in Northern Togo. In Helminth Zoonoses ( ed. Geerts, S., Kumar, V. and Brandt, J.), pp. 223–236. Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
Haaf, E. and van Soest, A. H. ( 1964). Oesophagostomiasis in man in North Ghana. Tropical and Geographical Medicine 16, 49–53.Google Scholar
Johnson, W. ( 1913). Report on Entozoal Infection amongst prisoners (in Zunguru Gaol), Northern Nigeria. Tropical Diseases Bulletin 2, 190–192.Google Scholar
Krepel, H. P., Baeta, S. and Polderman, A. M. ( 1992). Human Oesophagostomum infection in northern Togo and Ghana: epidemiological aspects. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 86, 289–300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leiper, R. T. ( 1911). The occurrence of Oesophagostomum apiostomum as an intestinal parasite of man in Nigeria. Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 14, 116–118.Google Scholar
Pit, D. S. S. ( 2000). Diagnosis, transmission and immunology of Oesophagostomum bifurcum and hookworm infections in Togo. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Centre.
Pit, D. S. S., Rijcken, F. E., Raspoort, E. C., Baeta, S. M. and Polderman, A. M. ( 1999 a). Geographic distribution and epidemiology of Oesophagostomum bifurcum and hookworm infections in humans in Togo. American Journal of Topical Medicine and Hygiene 61, 951–955.Google Scholar
Pit, D. S. S., de Graaf, W., Snoek, H., Baeta, S. M. and Polderman, A. M. ( 1999 b). Diagnosis of Oesophagostomum bifurcum and hookworm infections in humans: day-to-day and within-specimen variation of larval counts. Parasitology 118, 283–288.Google Scholar
Pit, D. S. S., Blotkamp, J., Eberhard, M. L., Baeta, S. and Polderman, A. M. ( 2000). The capacity of L3 larvae of Oesophagostomum bifurcum to survive adverse conditions. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 94, 165–171.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Polderman, A. M., Krepel, H. P., Baeta, S., Blotkamp, J. and Gigase, P. ( 1991). Oesophagostomiasis, common infection of man in northern Togo and Ghana. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 44, 336–344.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Storey, P. A., Faile, G., Hewitt, E., Yelifari, L., Polderman, A. M. and Magnussen, P. ( 2000). Clinical epidemiology and classification of human oesophagostomiasis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 94, 177–182.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walter, S. D. ( 1974). On the detection of household aggregation of disease, Biometrics 30, 525–538.Google Scholar
Yelifari, L., Bloch, P., Magnussen, P., van Lieshout, L., Dery, G., Anemana, S., Agongo, E. and Polderman, A. M. ( 2005). Distribution of human Oesophagostomum bifurcum, hookworm and Strongyloides infections on northern Ghana. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 99, 32–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ziem, J. B., Spannbrucker, N., Magnussen, P., Olsen, A., Amon-Kotey, D. N., Frenzel, K., Nang-Beifubah, A., Westendorp, R. G. and Polderman, A. M. ( 2005). Oesophagostomum bifurcum-induced nodular pathology in a highly endemic area of Northern Ghana. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 99, 417–422.CrossRefGoogle Scholar