Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T19:45:21.108Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Density-dependent mechanisms in the regulation of Fasciola hepatica populations in sheep

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Gary Smith
Affiliation:
Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Imperial College of Science and Technology, London SW7 2BB*

Summary

Populations of Fasciola hepatica infecting sheep are regulated by at least 3 density-dependent processes. Parasite deaths due to parasite-induced primary host mortality, fluke fecundity and asexual multiplication in the intermediate snail host, Lymnaea truncatula, vary according to the intensity of infection. Empirical and theoretical evidence is used to assess the extent to which each of these processes in turn affects parasite population numbers.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anderson, R. M. (1978). Population dynamics of snail infection by miracidia. Parasitology 77, 201–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anderson, R. M. (1980). The dynamics and control of direct life cycle helminth parasites. Lecture Notes in Biomathematics 39, 278322.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, R. M. (1982). Population Dynamics of Infectious Diseases: Theory and Applications. London: Chapman and Hall.Google Scholar
Anderson, R. M. & May, R. M. (1978). Regulation and stability of host-parasite population interactions. I. Regulatory processes. Journal of Animal Ecology 47, 219–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, R. J. & Nelder, J. A. (1978). GLIM (Generalised Linear Interactive Modelling) User Manual, Release 3, Numerical Algorithms Group, Oxford.Google Scholar
Boray, J. C. (1967). Studies on experimental infections with Fasciola hepatica with particular reference to acute fascioliasis in sheep. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 61, 439–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boray, J. C. (1969). Studies on experimental infections with Fasciola hepatica with particular reference to fascioliasis in sheep. Advances in Parasitology 7, 95210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boray, J. C. (1977). Fascioliasis in Australia. Bulletin de l'office International des Epizooties 87, 675–91.Google Scholar
Christensen, N. O., Nansen, P. & Frandsen, F. (1976). Studies on the infectivity of Fasciola hepatica miracidia to Lymanea truncatula. Attachment and penetration of miracidia into non-infected and infected snails. Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde 50, 6771.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chowaniec, W. & Drozdz, J. (1959). Research on the biology and ecology of Galba truncatula and on the larval forms of Fasciola hepatica. Acta Parasitologica Polonica 7, 143–60.Google Scholar
Crossland, N. O., Johnstone, A., Beaumont, G. & Bennet, M. S. (1977). The effect of chronic fascioliasis on the productivity of lowland sheep. British Veterinary Journal 33, 518–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dargie, J. D., Armour, J., Rushton, B. & Murray, M. (1974). Immune mechanisms and hepatic fibrosis in fascioliasis. In Parasitic Zoonoses, Clinical and Experimental Studies (ed. Soulsby, E. J. L.), pp. 249271. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Hassell, M. P. (1982). Impact of infectious diseases on host populations —Group Report. In Population Biology of Infectious Diseases, (ed. Anderson, R. M. and May, R. M.) Report of the Dahlem Workshop, Berlin 1982, March 14–19. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.Google Scholar
Hawkins, C. D. & Morris, R. S. (1978). Depression of productivity in sheep infected with Fasciola hepatica. Veterinary Parasitology 4, 341–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hope-Cawdery, M. J. & Moran, M. A. (1971). A method for estimating the level of infection of fascioliasis to which sheep are exposed. British Veterinary Journal 127, 1124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hope-Cawdery, M. J., Gettinby, G. & Grainger, J. N. R. (1978). Mathematical models for predicting the prevalence of liver fluke disease and its control from biological and meteorological data. In Weather and Parasitic Animal Disease, (ed. Gibson, T. E.), pp. 21–38. World Meteorological Organisation, Technical note No. 159.Google Scholar
Johnston, W. S., Maclachlan, G. K. & Murray, I. S. (1980). A survey of sheep losses and their causes on commercial farms in the north of Scotland. Veterinary Record 106, 238–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendall, S. B. (1949). Nutritional factors affecting the rate of development of Fasciola hepatica in Lymnaea truncatula. Journal of Helminthology 23, 179–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kendall, S. B. (1965). Relationships between the species of Fasciola and their molluscan hosts. Advances in Parasitology 3, 5998.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendall, S. B. & Ollerenshaw, C. B. (1963). Effect of nutrition on the growth of Fasciola hepatica. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 22, 41–6.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keymer, A. (1982). Density-dependent mechanisms in the regulation of intestinal helminth populations. Parasitology 84, 537–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
May, R. M. (1976). Models for single populations. In Theoretical Ecology: Principles and Applications (ed. May, R. M.). Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.Google Scholar
May, R. M. (1977). Dynamical aspects of host—parasite interactions: Crofton's model revisited. Parasitology 75, 259–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michel, J. F. (1969). The regulation of egg output by Ostertagia ostertagi in calves infected once only. Parasitology 59, 767–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nice, N. G. (1979). Aspects of the biology of Fasciola hepatica and its intermediate snail host, Lymnaea truncatula. Ph.D. thesis, University of York.Google Scholar
Ollerenshaw, C. B. & Rowlands, W. T. (1959). A method of forecasting the incidence of fascioliasis in Anglesey. The Veterinary Record 71, 591–8.Google Scholar
Pullan, N. B., Sewell, M. M. H. & Hammond, J. A. (1970). Studies on the pathogenicity of massive infections of Fasciola hepatica in lambs. British Veterinary Journal 126, 543–8.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rondelaud, D. (1974). L'evolution des redies de Fasciola hepatica L. chez Galbra truncatula Muller en Limousin. Revue de Medicine Veterinarie 125, 237–50.Google Scholar
Rondelaud, D. & Barthe, D. (1981). Experimental studies on the generalised ameobocytic reaction in Lymnaea truncatula infected by Fasciola hepatica. Annales de Parasitologie 56, 593606.Google Scholar
Ross, J. G. (1967 a). An epidemiological study of fascioliasis in sheep. Veterinary Record 80, 214–17.Google Scholar
Ross, J. G. (1967 b). A further season of epidemiological studies of Fasciola hepatica infections in sheep. Veterinary Record 80, 368–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross, J. G. (1977). A five year study of the epidemiology of fascioliasis in the North; East and West of Scotland. British Veterinary Journal 133, 263–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sinclair, K. B. (1962). Observations on the clinical pathology of ovine fascioliasis. British Veterinary Journal 118, 3753.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, G. (1981). A three year study of Lymnaea truncatula habitats, disease foci of fascioliasis. British Veterinary Journal 137, 398410.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Smith, G. (1982). An analysis of variations in the age structure of Fasciola hepatica populations in sheep. Parasitology 84, 4961.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Styczynska, E. (1956). The effect of drying Galba truncatula on development and survival of development stages of Fasciola hepatica. Wiad Parazyt 5, 261–2.Google Scholar
Sykes, A. R., Coop, R. L. & Rushton, B. (1980). Chronic subclinical fascioliasis in sheep: effects of food intake, food utilisation and blood constituents. Research in Veterinary Science 28, 6370.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van der Knapp, W. P. W. (1982). The internal defence system of the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis. Ph.D. thesis, Free University of Amsterdam.Google Scholar
Wilson, R. A., Smith, G. & Thomas, M. R. (1982). Fascioliasis. In Population dynamics of Infectious Diseases: Theory and Applications, (ed. Anderson, R. M.). London: Chapman and Hall.Google Scholar
Wilson, R. A. & Denison, J. (1980). The parasitic castration and gigantism of Lymnaea truncatula infected with larval stages of Fasciola hepatica. Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde 61, 109–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed