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Decoy effect and host infection by miracidia within snail communities

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

N. H. Chipev
N. H. Chipev
Affiliation:
Institute of Parasitology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bontchev str Block 25, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Summary

The effect of experimental non-host snail (NHS) communities on the infection of Lymnaea truncatula with Paramphistomum daubneyi and Fasciola hepatica miracidia was studied. The results obtained indicated that NHS had variable effects on basic population parameters of host infection. Specifically, NHS were able to produce aggregation of sporocyst number/snail in the experimental host populations. Proposed hypotheses for decoy effect mechanisms failed to explain completely the experimental results. A new mechanism is suggested, based on a distance response of miracidia to snail chemo-attractants, to explain effects of NHS on miracidial host finding behaviour. It is assumed that miracidia have evolved the ability to discriminate among individual snail chemical attractants in a community already at a distance. This attribute of miracidial behaviour allows NHS to induce variations in the effectiveness of individual host localization by miracidia. The resulting aggregation of successful infections/host is assumed to be the specific component of snail decoy effect at the community level. It was also established that NHS affected trematode reproduction in the host inducing a compensatory increase in the intramolluscan population. Intraspecific competition among developmental stages is suggested to be the mechanism of this compensatory reaction.

Keywords

Fasciola hepaticaParamphistomum daubneyimiracidiaLymnaea truncatuladecoy effectsnail community
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 106 , Issue 3 , April 1993 , pp. 265 - 276
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

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