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Analysis of malaria clinical−epidemiological predictors in individuals from Brazilian Amazon

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 July 2021

Paulo Guilherme Souza Lisbôa ,
Janaina Maria Rodrigues Medeiros ,
Arthur Vinícius de Souza ,
Bruno Fernando Barros dos Santos ,
Henrique Otávio Coutinho Sanches ,
Juliane Lúcia Gomes da Rocha ,
Wender de Jesus Pena Correa Junior ,
Gabriela Góes Costa ,
Tania do Socorro Souza Chaves  and
Ana Maria Revoredo da Silva Ventura Open the ORCID record for Ana Maria Revoredo da Silva Ventura [Opens in a new window]
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Paulo Guilherme Souza Lisbôa
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Ensaios Clínicos em Malária, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
Janaina Maria Rodrigues Medeiros
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Arthur Vinícius de Souza
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Bruno Fernando Barros dos Santos
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Henrique Otávio Coutinho Sanches
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Juliane Lúcia Gomes da Rocha
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Wender de Jesus Pena Correa Junior
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Gabriela Góes Costa
Affiliation:
Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
Tania do Socorro Souza Chaves
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Ensaios Clínicos em Malária, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
Ana Maria Revoredo da Silva Ventura*
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Ensaios Clínicos em Malária, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Pará, Brazil
Rosana Maria Feio Libonati
Affiliation:
Núcleo de Medicina Tropical, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: Ana Maria Revoredo da Silva Ventura, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

This research aims to determine whether the combination of epidemiological and clinical features can predict malaria. Diagnostic investigation detected 22.3% of individuals with Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) malaria, with significant predominance of the male gender. The malaria triad (fever, chills and headache) had a more expressive frequency (81.1%) in individuals with positive thick blood than those with negative thick blood smear (65.1%), although there was no statistical significance. Among the variables analysed as predictive for positive thick blood smear, it was observed that personal history of travel to an endemic malaria area and past malaria infection (PMI) were significantly associated with malaria, even in multiple logistic regression. Fever had the higher sensitivity (94.6%) and past malaria history had the greater specificity (68.2%), with accuracy of 23.5% and 67.5%, respectively. In combined analysis, fever with chills had the highest sensitivity (91.9%), but low accuracy (38.5%). High specificity (91.5%) was found in the association of malaria triad, PMI and history of travel to endemic malaria area (which along with anorexia, was higher 94.6%), with good accuracy (80.7%), suggesting that the screening of patients for performing thick blood smear can be based on these data. The epidemiological features and the malaria triad (fever, chills and headache) can be predictors for identification of malaria patients, concurring to precocious diagnosis and immediate treatment of individuals with malaria.

Keywords

Clinical−epidemiologicalMalariapredictor factorsthick blood smear
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 149 , Issue 1 , January 2022 , pp. 10 - 14
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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