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An evaluation of melarsomine hydrochloride efficacy for parasitological cure in experimental infection of dairy cattle with Trypanosoma evansi in Thailand

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2011

MARC DESQUESNES ,
KETSARIN KAMYINGKIRD ,
TIMOTHÉE VERGNE ,
NACHAI SARATAPHAN ,
RODTIAN PRANEE  and
SATHAPORN JITTAPALAPONG
MARC DESQUESNES
Affiliation:
Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), Montpellier, F-34000 France Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
KETSARIN KAMYINGKIRD
Affiliation:
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
TIMOTHÉE VERGNE
Affiliation:
Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), Montpellier, F-34000 France
NACHAI SARATAPHAN
Affiliation:
Department of Livestock Development (DLD)/Bureau of Biology for Livestock Production (BBLP), Pathumthani, Thailand
RODTIAN PRANEE
Affiliation:
Department of Livestock Development (DLD) Chang Mai, Thailand
SATHAPORN JITTAPALAPONG*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
*
*Corresponding author: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand. Tel: +66 (0) 8 49 40 72 68. Fax: +66 (0) 29 42 86 84. E-mail: [email protected]
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Summary

Melarsomine hydrochloride can cure Trypanosoma evansi infection in camels at a dose of 0·25 mg/kg, but at that dose relapses occur in cattle. In our study, the efficacy of an intramuscular injection of melarsomine hydrochloride at 0·5 mg/kg was assessed in 3 normal and 3 splenectomized dairy cattle experimentally infected with a stock of T. evansi from Thailand. The animals were monitored for 5 months by haematocrit centrifugation, blood- or cerebrospinal fluid-mouse inoculation, polymerase chain reaction, the card agglutination test (CATT) for T. evansi, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay‑T. evansi. Parasitological and DNA tests became and remained negative just after treatment. By the end of the experiment, CATT was negative and ELISA scores were below or very close to the cut-off value. One of the splenectomized cattle died from anaplasmosis during the experiment, but tested negative for surra. It was concluded that the parasites had been cleared from the cattle, and melarsomine hydrochloride at 0·5 mg/kg can be recommended for treatment against T. evansi infection in dairy cattle in Thailand. Further work is necessary to validate the efficacy of the treatment in the event of confirmed CSF-infection.

Keywords

Trypanosoma evansimelarsomine hydrochloridecattlesplenectomized cattleThailandparasitological curedrug efficacy
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 138 , Issue 9 , August 2011 , pp. 1134 - 1142
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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