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Maintenance of Theileria parva parva infection in an endemic area of Kenya

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

A. S. Young ,
B. L. Leitch ,
R. M. Newson  and
M. P. Cunningham
A. S. Young
Affiliation:
Protozoology Division, Veterinary Research Department, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Muguga, P.O. Box 32, Kikuyu, Kenya
B. L. Leitch
Affiliation:
Protozoology Division, Veterinary Research Department, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Muguga, P.O. Box 32, Kikuyu, Kenya
R. M. Newson
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
M. P. Cunningham*
Affiliation:
International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi, Kenya
*
Deceased.
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Summary

The maintenance of Theileria parva parva infection in an endemic area of Kenya on the shore of Lake Victoria was studied in the field and laboratory. High prevalences of antibodies against T. parva and T. mutans and intra-erythrocytic piroplasms were detected in local zebu (Bos indicus) cattle. The mean infection rate of Theileria parasites in the tick, Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, in field collections was 1·1 %. Most of the infection was attributed to T. parva parva by application of field ticks to susceptible cattle. Five cattle, all about 1·5 years old, were purchased from local owners and transported to the laboratory. All five had oscillating antibody titres against T. parva and T. mutans and had patent theilerial infections during the subsequent 13 months. Uninfected R. appendiculatus nymphs were applied to cattle at 0, 3, 6, 9 and 13 months after transport to Muguga, and 18 out of 23 batches transmitted T. parva parva infection to cattle when 100 resultant R. appendiculatus adults were applied. Infection rates in the tick batches were usually low, with 1 salivary gland acinus infected/tick. Hence, a frequent carrier state of naturally infected cattle has been demonstrated for T. parva parva for the first time, and it is likely that this carrier state is of great importance in maintenance of T. parva parva infection in the field.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 93 , Issue 1 , August 1986 , pp. 9 - 16
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1986

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