Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-05T10:56:41.241Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Localized skin changes at the site of immunization with highly irradiated cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni are associated with enhanced resistance to a challenge infection

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Kathleen L. Miller  and
S. R. Smithers
Kathleen L. Miller
Affiliation:
Division of Parasitology, National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA
S. R. Smithers
Affiliation:
Division of Parasitology, National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

The level of immunity to a percutaneous cercarial challenge with Schistosoma mansoni was assayed 4–6 weeks after immunization of mice with highly irradiated (20 krad.) cercariae or schistosomula. When immunization and challenge occurred through the same skin site, resistance, particularly that which occurred in the skin, was greater than that observed when immunization and challenge occurred in different sites. The enhanced resistance is believed to be due to localized changes in the skin; 4 weeks after exposure to irradiated cercariae, abdominal skin is characterized by a thickened epidermis, changes in the ground substance and a cellular infiltration of the dermis. A convenient mouse model is described in which one or both ear pinnae are exposed to irradiated cercariae and a percutaneous challenge is given via the abdomen, thus eliminating the effects of local skin changes. In this model, the majority of the challenge infection which succumbs to the immune response appears to be killed in the skin.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 85 , Issue 2 , October 1982 , pp. 305 - 314
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1982

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bickle, Q. D., Taylor, M. G., Doenhoff, M. J. & Nelson, G. S. (1979). Immunization of mice with gamma-irradiated intramuscularly injected schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni. Parasitology 79, 209–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blum, K. & Coli, D. (1981). Schistosoma mansoni: age dependent susceptibility to immune elimination of schistosomula artificially introduced into pre-infected mice. Parasite Immunology 3, 13–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clegg, J. A. & Smithers, S. R. (1972). The effect of immune rhesus monkey serum on schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni during cultivation in vitro. International Journal for Parasitology 2, 79–98.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dean, D. A., Bukowski, N. A. & Cheever, A. W. (1981). Relationship between acquired resistance, portal hypertension and lung granulomas in ten strains of mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 30, 806–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dean, D. A., Bukowski, M. A. & Clark, S. S. (1981). Attempts to transfer the resistance of Schistosoma mansoni-infected and irradiated cercariae-immunized mice by means of parabiosis. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 30, 113–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dean, D. A., Cioli, D. & Bukowski, M. A. (1981). Resistance induced by normal and irradiated Schistosoma mansoni: ability of various worm stages to serve as inducers and targets in mice. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 30, 1026–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dean, D. A., Minard, P., Murrell, K. D. & Vannier, W. E. (1978). Resistance of mice to secondary infection with Schistosoma mansoni. II. Evidence for a correlation between egg deposition and worm elimination. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 27, 957–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dessein, A., Samuelson, J. C., Butterworth, A. E., Hogan, M., Sherry, B. A., Vadas, M. A. & David, J. R. (1981). Immune evasion by Schistosoma mansoni: loss of susceptibility to antibody or complement-dependent eosinophil attack by schistosomula cultured in media free of macromolecules. Parasitology 82, 357–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hsü, H. F., Davis, J. R., Hsü, S. Y.Li, . & Osborne, J. W. (1963). Histopathology in albino mice and rhesus monkeys infected with irradiated cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum. Zeitschrift für Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie 14, 240–61.Google Scholar
McLaren, D. J. & Incani, R. N. (1982). Schistosoma mansoni: studies of the resistance acquired by developing schistosomula against immune attack in vitro. Experimental Parasitology (in the Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, K. L. & Smithers, S. R. (1980). Schistosoma mansoni: the attrition of a challenge infection in mice immunized with highly irradiated live cercariae. Experimental Parasitology 50, 212–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, K. L., Smithers, S. R. & Sher, A. (1981). The response of mice immune to Schistosoma mansoni to a challenge infection which bypasses the skin: evidence for two mechanisms of immunity. Parasite Immunology 3, 25–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Minard, P., Dean, D. A., Vannier, W. E. & Murrell, K. D. (1978). Effect of immunization on migration of Schistosoma mansoni through lungs. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 27, 87–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ramalho-Pinto, F. J., Gazzinelli, G., Howells, R. E., Mota-Santos, T. A., Figueiredo, E. A. & Pellegrino, J. (1974). Schistosoma mansoni: defined system for stepwise transformation of cercariae to schistosomula in vitro. Experimental Parasitology 36, 360–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steck, M., Dean, D. A. & Clark, S. S. (1981). Attrition of schistosomes in an irradiation-attenuated cercarial immunization model of Schistosoma mansoni. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 30, 1033–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smithers, S. R. (1981). The demonstration of immunity to Schistosoma mansoni in the mouse and its correlation with in vitro findings. Pontificiae Academiae Scientiarum Scripta Varia (in the Press).Google Scholar
Smithers, S. R. & Gammage, K. (1980). Recovery of Schistosoma mansoni from the skin, lungs and hepatic portal system of naive mice and mice previously exposed to S. mansoni: evidence for two phases of parasite attrition in immune mice. Parasitology 80, 289–300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smithers, S. R. & Miller, K. L. (1980). Protective immunity in murine schistosomiasis mansoni: evidence for two distinct mechanisms. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 29, 832–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, R. A. (1980). Is immunity to Schistosoma mansoni in the chronically infected laboratory mouse an artefact of pathology? Proceedings of the 3rd European Multicolloquium of Parasitology, Cambridge, European Federation of Parasitologists p. 37.Google Scholar