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Insights into the naturally acquired immune response to Plasmodium vivax malaria

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 January 2016

RHEA J. LONGLEY ,
JETSUMON SATTABONGKOT  and
IVO MUELLER
RHEA J. LONGLEY
Affiliation:
The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
JETSUMON SATTABONGKOT
Affiliation:
Mahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
IVO MUELLER*
Affiliation:
The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Hospital Clínic – Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain
*
*Corresponding author. The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G Royale Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. E-mail: [email protected]
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Summary

Plasmodium vivax is the most geographically widespread of the malaria parasites causing human disease, yet it is comparatively understudied compared with Plasmodium falciparum. In this article we review what is known about naturally acquired immunity to P. vivax, and importantly, how this differs to that acquired against P. falciparum. Immunity to clinical P. vivax infection is acquired more quickly than to P. falciparum, and evidence suggests humans in endemic areas also have a greater capacity to mount a successful immunological memory response to this pathogen. Both of these factors give promise to the idea of a successful P. vivax vaccine. We review what is known about both the cellular and humoral immune response, including the role of cytokines, antibodies, immunoregulation, immune memory and immune dysfunction. Furthermore, we discuss where the future lies in terms of advancing our understanding of naturally acquired immunity to P. vivax, through the use of well-designed longitudinal epidemiological studies and modern tools available to immunologists.

Keywords

Plasmodium vivaxnaturally acquired immunityantibodiesT cells
Type
Special Issue Review
Information
Parasitology , Volume 143 , Issue 2: Naturally Acquired Immunity to Malaria , February 2016 , pp. 154 - 170
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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