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Immunization of calves against Schistosoma bovis using irradiated cercariae or schistosomula of S. bovis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

H. O. Bushara ,
M. F. Hussein ,
A. M. Saad ,
M. G. Taylor ,
J. D. Dargie ,
T. F. De C. Marshall  and
G. S. Nelson
H. O. Bushara
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Khartoum
M. F. Hussein
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Khartoum
A. M. Saad
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Khartoum
M. G. Taylor
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Helminthology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
J. D. Dargie
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Physiology, University of Glasgow
T. F. De C. Marshall
Affiliation:
Department of Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
G. S. Nelson
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Helminthology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
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Summary

Fourteen 9-month-old zebu calves were immunized with 10000 irradiated Schistosoma bovis schistosomula given in 1–3 intramuscular or subcutaneous doses, and 4 more calves were immunized with 10000 irradiated cercariae administered percutaneously in a single dose. Eight weeks after the beginning of the experiment these calves, together with four non-immunized controls were challenged percutaneously with 10000 normal S. bovis cercariae/calf. Comparative clinical, parasitological, pathological and pathophysiological observations subsequently revealed significant differences between the vaccinated and non-vaccinated calves. The vaccinated calves showed significantly higher growth rates, and a superior body composition as indicated by their lower total body water content. The beneficial effects of vaccination were also shown by significantly lower faecal egg outputs in the vaccinated calves and by their lower tissue egg and adult worm counts. The reduced tissue egg counts were also reflected in the milder histopathological changes seen in the vaccinated calves. The vaccinated calves had significantly higher packed cell and circulating red blood cell volumes than the challenged controls, longer red blood cell half lives, and somewhat lower blood volumes and rates of red blood cell synthesis. No untoward clinical effects that could be attributed to vaccination were recorded. These results indicate that zebu cattle can be effectively protected against S. bovis by vaccination with irradiated organisms. We are now evaluating this type of vaccine in a field trial in an enzootic area in the Sudan.

Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 77 , Issue 3 , December 1978 , pp. 303 - 311
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1978

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References

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