Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T04:23:08.806Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Fate of attenuated schistosomula administered to mice by different routes, relative to the immunity induced against Schistosoma mansoni

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 April 2009

Patricia S. Coulson  and
A. P. Mountford
Patricia S. Coulson
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of York, York Y01 5DD
A. P. Mountford
Affiliation:
Department of Biology, University of York, York Y01 5DD
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Newly transformed schistosomula and day 8 lung parasites, derived from optimally irradiated cercariae, were used to immunize groups of C57B1/6 mice via 4 different injection routes. Schistosomula administered intradermally induced high levels of protection, comparable with that achieved by percutaneous vaccination. Intermediate levels were elicited by delivery of parasites via intraperitoneal or intratracheal routes. In contrast, intravenous injection of schistosomula to the lungs resulted in little or no resistance. Attenuated day 8 schistosomula administered intradermally were at least as immunogenic as irradiated cercariae. The fate of radio-isotope labelled attenuated lung schistosomula, injected via the various routes, was examined by compressed organ autoradiography. After intradermal vaccination, a proportion of parasites migrated from the site of injection to the draining lymph node and lungs. Conversely, schistosomula administered via the other 3 routes persisted to varying degrees at the injection site, but little onward migration was observed. We suggest that successful vaccination requires that some attenuated parasites migrate to, and sequester in, lymph nodes draining the vaccination site; persistence at the site of administration alone is not an adequate stimulus.

Keywords

Schistosoma mansoniattenuated parasiteinjection routeprotective immunity.
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 99 , Issue 1 , August 1989 , pp. 39 - 45
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Aitken, R., Coulson, P. S., Dixon, B., & Wilson, R. A., (1987). Radiation-resistant acquired immunity of vaccinated mice to Schistosoma mansoni. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 37, 570–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aitken, R., Coulson, P. S., & Wilson, R. A., (1988). Pulmonary leucocytic responses are linked to the acquired immunity of mice vaccinated with irradiated cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni. Journal of Immunology 140, 3573–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bickle, Q. D., (1982). Studies on the survival of Schistosoma mansoni larvae in mice and the degree of resistance produced. Parasitology 84, 111–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bickle, Q. D., Taylor, M. G., Doenhoff, M. J., & Nelson, G. S., (1979). Immunization of mice with gammairradiated intramuscularly injected Schistosoma mansoni. Parasitology 79, 209–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coulson, P. S., & Wilson, R. A., (1988). An examination of the mechanisms of pulmonary-phase resistance to Schistosoma mansoni in vaccinated mice. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 38, 529–39.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dean, D. A., Cioli, D., & Bukowski, M. A., (1981). Resistance induced by normal and irradiated Schistosoma mansoni: ability of various worm stages to serve as inducers and targets in mice. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 30, 1026–32.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greene, M. I., & Benacerraf, B., (1980). Studies on hapten specific T cell immunity and suppression. Immunological Reviews 50, 163–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, S. L., (1985). Induction of protective immunity against Schistosoma mansoni by a non-living vaccine is dependent upon the method of antigen presentation. Journal of Immunology 134, 1956–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, S. L., (1986). Activated macrophages as effector cells of protective immunity to schistosomiasis. Immunological Research 5, 139–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
James, S. L., (1987). A Review. Schistosoma species: Progress towards a defined vaccine. Experimental Parasitology 63, 247–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
James, S. L., Salzman, C., & Pearce, E. J., (1988). Induction of protective immunity against Schistosoma mansoni by a non-living vaccine. VI. Antigen recognition in non-responder mouse strains. Parasite Immunology 10, 71–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Liu, M. C, Ishizaka, K., & Plaut, M., (1982). T lymphocyte responses of murine lung: immunization with alloantigen induces accumulation of cytotoxic and other T lymphocytes in the lung. Journal of Immunology 129, 2653–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mangold, B. L., & Dean, D. A., (1984). The migration and survival of gamma-irradiated Schistosoma mansoni larvae and the duration of host—parasite contact in relation to the induction of resistance in mice. Parasitology 88, 249–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mastin, A. J., Bickle, Q. D., & Wilson, R. A., (1983). Schistosoma mansoni: migration and attrition of irradiated and challenge schistosomula in the mouse. Parasitology 87, 87–102.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mastin, A. J., Bickle, Q. D., & Wilson, R. A., (1985). An ultrastructural examination of irradiated, immunizing schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni during their extended stay in the lungs. Parasitology 81, 101–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mitchison, N. A., (1984). Strategies for optimal T cell activation. In New Approaches to Vaccine Development,(ed. Bell, R., & Torrigiani, G.,), pp. 93–112. Basel: Schwabe.Google Scholar
Mountford, A. P., Coulson, P. S., & Wilson, R. A., (1988). Antigen localisation and the induction of resistance in mice vaccinated with irradiated cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni. Parasitology 97, 11–25.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Olivier, L., & Stirewalt, M. A., (1952). An efficient method for exposure of mice to cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni. Journal of Parasitology 38, 19–23.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ramalho-Pinto, F. J., Gazzinelli, G., Howells, R. E., Mota Santos, T. A., Figueiredo, E. A., & Pellegrino, J., (1974). Schistosoma mansoni: defined system for stepwise transformation of cercariae to schistosomula in vitro. Experimental Parasitology 36, 360–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sher, A., & Benno, D., (1982). Decreasing immunogenicity of developing schistosome larvae. Parasite Immunology 4, 101–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Streilein, J. W., Stein-Streilein, J., & Head, J., (1986). Regional specialization in antigen presentation. In The Reticuloendothelial System: A Comprehensive Treatise, Vol. 9. Hypersensitivity, (ed. Phillips, S. M., & Escobar, M. R.,) pp. 37–93. New York: Plenum.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, R. A., & Coulson, P. S., (1986). Schistosoma mansoni: dynamics of migration through the vascular system of the mouse. Parasitology 92, 83–100.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wilson, R. A., Coulson, P. S., & Dixon, B., (1986). Migration of the schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni in mice vaccinated with radiation-attenuated cercariae and normal mice: an attempt to identify the timing and site of parasite death. Parasitology 92, 101–16.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed