Diagnostic PCR primers for Trichinella were constructed. Twelve pairs of primers were designed based on the sequences of random amplified polymorphic DNA, and 4 pairs of primers were designed based on the reported sequences of complementary DNA encoding excretory–secretory glycoproteins. With these primers, 31 samples of DNA from different strains of Trichinella including 5 species (Trichinella spiralis, Trichinella britovi, Trichinella nativa, Trichinella nelsoni and Trichinella pseudospiralis) and 3 phenotypes of uncertain taxonomic level (Trichinella T5, T6 and T8) were tested with PCR. Genus Trichinella can be identified by 4 different primer pairs (SB147D, SB372A, SB153, or Ts43). Trichinella spiralis can be identified by the presence of a 673 bp amplicon in PCR with the primer pair SB147B. Trichinella nelsoni can be identified using primer pair SB147F or by the presence of 673 bp and ca. 380 bp amplicon in PCR with the primer pair SB147B. Trichinella pseudospiralis can be identified by 2 primer pairs (SB147E or SB372B). Trichinella T5 can be identified by the primer pair SB147G. Trichinella T8 can be identified by its positivity by the primer pair SB147C and its negativity by the primer pair SB372C. A group of Trichinella species (T. britovi, T. nativa and Trichinella T6) can be identified by the primer pair SB372C.