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Comparative mitogenomics of the zoonotic parasite Echinostoma revolutum resolves taxonomic relationships within the ‘E. revolutum’ species group and the Echinostomata (Platyhelminthes: Digenea)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2020

Thanh Hoa Le Open the ORCID record for Thanh Hoa Le [Opens in a new window] ,
Linh Thi Khanh Pham ,
Huong Thi Thanh Doan ,
Xuyen Thi Kim Le ,
Weerachai Saijuntha ,
R.P.V. Jayanthe Rajapakse  and
Scott P. Lawton Open the ORCID record for Scott P. Lawton [Opens in a new window]
Thanh Hoa Le*
Affiliation:
Institute of Biotechnology (IBT); Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18. Hoang Quoc Viet Rd, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam Graduate University of Science and Technology (GUST), Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18. Hoang Quoc Viet Rd, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
Linh Thi Khanh Pham
Affiliation:
Institute of Biotechnology (IBT); Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18. Hoang Quoc Viet Rd, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
Huong Thi Thanh Doan
Affiliation:
Institute of Biotechnology (IBT); Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18. Hoang Quoc Viet Rd, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
Xuyen Thi Kim Le
Affiliation:
Institute of Biotechnology (IBT); Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18. Hoang Quoc Viet Rd, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam
Weerachai Saijuntha
Affiliation:
Walai Rukhavej Botanical Research Institute (WRBRI), Biodiversity and Conservation Research Unit, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham44150, Thailand
R.P.V. Jayanthe Rajapakse
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
Scott P. Lawton
Affiliation:
Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University London, Kingston Upon Thames, Surrey, KT1 2EE, UK
*
Author for correspondence: Thanh Hoa Le, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The complete mitochondrial sequence of 17,030 bp was obtained from Echinostoma revolutum and characterized with those of previously reported members of the superfamily Echinostomatoidea, i.e. six echinostomatids, one echinochasmid, five fasciolids, one himasthlid, and two cyclocoelids. Relationship within suborders and between superfamilies, such as Echinostomata, Pronocephalata, Troglotremata, Opisthorchiata, and Xiphiditata, are also considered. It contained 12 protein-coding, two ribosomal RNA, 22 transfer RNA genes and a tandem repetitive consisting non-coding region (NCR). The gene order, one way-positive transcription, the absence of atp8 and the overlapped region by 40 bp between nad4L and nad4 genes were similar as in common trematodes. The NCR located between tRNAGlu (trnE) and cox3 contained 11 long (LRUs) and short repeat units (SRUs) (seven LRUs of 317 bp, four SRUs of 207 bp each), and an internal spacer sequence between LRU7 and SRU4 specifying high-level polymorphism. Special DHU-arm missing tRNAs for Serine were found for both tRNAS1(AGN) and tRNAS2(UCN). Echinostoma revolutum indicated the lowest divergence rate to E. miyagawai and the highest to Tracheophilus cymbius and Echinochasmus japonicus. The usage of ATG/GTG start and TAG/TAA stop codons, the AT composition bias, the negative AT-skewness, and the most for Phe/Leu/Val and the least for Arg/Asn/Asp codons were noted. Topology indicated the monophyletic position of E. revolutum to E. miyagawai. Monophyly of Echinostomatidae and Fasciolidae was clearly solved with respect to Echinochasmidae, Himasthlidae, and Cyclocoelidae which were rendered paraphyletic in the suborder Echinostomata.

Keywords

‘37-collar-spined’Echinostoma revolutumEchinostomatidaeEchinostomatoideamitochondrial genomephylogenetic analysisrepeatsskewness value
Type
Research Article
Information
Parasitology , Volume 147 , Issue 5 , April 2020 , pp. 566 - 576
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2020

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