Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T23:12:41.221Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Nutrient Regulation of the Enteroinsular Axis And Insulin Secretion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 December 2007

Linda M. Morgan ,
Peter R. Flatt  and
Vincent Marks
Linda M. Morgan
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey
Peter R. Flatt
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey
Vincent Marks
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Research Article
Information
Nutrition Research Reviews , Volume 1 , Issue 1 , January 1988 , pp. 79 - 97
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1988

References

REFERENCES

Ahren, B., Taborsky, G. J. & Porte, D. (1986). Neuropeptidergic versus cholinergic and adrenergic regulation of islet hormone secretion. Diabetologia 29, 827–836.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alam, M. J. & Buchanan, K. D. (1980). Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) response in diabetics using three different antibodies. Regulatory Peptides 1, S2.Google Scholar
Altman, J. J., Hoa, D. H. B., Carlquist, M. & Rosselin, G. (1987). Evidence for functional gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptors in human insulinoma. Binding of synthetic human GIP 1–31 and activation of adenylate cyclase. Diabetes 36, 1336–1340.Google Scholar
Amland, P. F., Jorde, R., Burhol, P. G. & Giercksky, K. E. (1985). Effect of intravenously infused porcine GIP on serum insulin in obese and lean subjects studied with the hypoglycaemic clamp technique. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 20, 309–314.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andersen, D. K., Elahi, D., Brown, J. C., Tobin, J. D. & Andres, R. (1978). Oral glucose augmentation of insulin secretion. Journal of Clinical Investigation 62, 152–161.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ashcroft, F. M., Harrison, D. E. & Ashcroft, S. J. H.(1984). Glucose induces closure of single potassium channels in isolated rat pancreatic β-cells. Nature 312, 446–448.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ashcroft, S. J. H. (1980). Glucoreceptor mechanisms and the control of insulin release and biosynthesis. Diabetologia 18, 5–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Aynsley-Green, A., Adrian, T. E. & Bloom, S. R. (1982). Feeding and the development of enteroinsular hormone secretion in the preterm infant: effects of continuous gastric infusions of human milk compared with intermittent boluses. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica 71, 379–383.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bailey, C. J. & Flatt, P. R. (1984). Neurotensin modulation of the plasma insulin response to glucose in obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice. Biochemical Society Transactions 12, 1092–1093.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bailey, C. J. & Flatt, P. R. (1986). Animal models of diabetes. In Recent Advances in Diabetes, vol. 2, pp. 71–89 [Nattrass, M., editor]. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.Google Scholar
Bailey, C. J. & Flatt, P. R. (1987 a). Glucagon-like peptide-I and the entero-insular axis in obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice. Life Sciences 40, 521–525.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bailey, C. J. & Flatt, P. R. (1987 b). Increased responsiveness to glucoregulatory effect on opiates-diabetic Aston ob/ob mice. Diabetologia 30, 33–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bailey, C. J. & Flatt, P. R. (1987 c). Insulin releasing effects of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH 1–39) and ACTH fragments (1–24 and 18–39) in lean and genetically obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice. International Journal of Obesity 11, 175–181.Google ScholarPubMed
Bailey, C. J. & Flatt, P. R. (1988 a). The entero-insular axis in models of hyperinsulinaemic and hypoinsulinaemic diabetes. In Frontiers in Diabetes Research: Lessons from Animal Diabetes, vol. 2, pp. 217–224. [Shafrir, E. and Renold, A. E., editors]. London: John Libbey & Co.Google Scholar
Bailey, C. J. & Flatt, P. R. (1988 b). Glucoregulatory effects of bombesin in lean and genetically obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice. Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology 88B, 359–362.Google Scholar
Bailey, C. J., Flatt, P. R., Deacon, C. F., Shaw, C. & Conlon, J. M. (1986 a). Substance P, neurokinin A, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide and gastrin releasing peptide in the intestine and pancreas of spontaneously obese–diabetic mice. Regulatory Peptides 16, 339–348.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bailey, C. J., Flatt, P. R., Kwasowski, P., Powell, C. J. & Marks, V. (1986 b). Immunoreactive gastric inhibitory polypeptide and K cell hyperplasia in obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice fed high fat and high carbohydrate cafeteria diets. Acta Endocrinologia 112, 224–229.Google Scholar
Bataille, D., Coudray, A., Carlqvist, M., Rosselin, G. & Mutt, V. (1982). Isolation of glucagon-37 (bioactive enteroglucagon/oxyntomodulin) from porcine jejuno-ileum. FEBS Letters 146, 73–78.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Beck, B. & Max, J. P. (1986). Increased effect of GIP on lipid metabolism in adipose tissue of obese Zucker (fa/fa) rats. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Gastrointestinal Hormones, Vancouver, BC, p. 53. Ottawa: National Research Council of Canadian Research Journals.Google Scholar
Beck-Nielsen, H., Pedersen, O. & Schwartz-Sorensen, N. (1980). Effects of dietary changes on cellular insulin binding and in vivo insulin sensitivity. Metabolism 29, 482–487.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Berthoud, H. R. (1984). The relative contribution of the nervous system, hormones and metabolites to the total insulin response, during a meal in the rat. Metabolism 33, 18–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Best, L. C., Atkins, T. W., Bailey, C. J., Flatt, P. R., Newton, D. F. & Matty, A. J. (1977). Increased activity of the enteroinsular axis in obese hyperglycaemic mice (ob/ob). Journal of Endocrinology 72, 44P.Google Scholar
Best, L. & Malaisse, W. J. (1983). Phospholipids and islet function. Diabetologia 25, 299–305.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Biden, T. J. & Taylor, K. W. (1983). Effects of ketone bodies on insulin release and islet-cell metabolism in the rat. Biochemical Journal 21, 371–377.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blackburn, N. A., Redfern, J. S., Jarjis, H., Holgate, A. M., Hanning, I., Scarpello, J. H. B., Johnson, I. T. & Read, N. W. (1984). The mechanism of action of guar gum in improving glucose tolerance in man. Clinical Science 66, 329–336.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brand, J. C., Nicholson, P. L., Thorburn, A. W. & Truswell, A. S. (1985). Food processing and the glycaemic index. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 42, 1192–1196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bray, G. A. & York, D. A. (1979). Hypothalamic and genetic obesity in experimental animals: an autonomic and endocrine hypothesis. Physiological Reviews 59, 719–809.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, J. C. (1982). Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide. Berlin, Heidelberg and New York: Springer-Verlag.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brown, J. C., Dryburgh, J. R., Ross, S. A. & Dupré, J. (1975). Identification and actions of gastric inhibitory polypeptide. Recent Progress in Hormone Research 31, 487–532.Google ScholarPubMed
Chan, C. B., Pederson, R. A., Buchan, A. M. J., Tubesing, K. B. & Brown, J. C. (1984). Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and insulin release in the obese Zucker rat. Diabetes 33, 536–542.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Charles, S. & Henquin, J. C. (1983). Distinct effects of various amino acids on 45Ca2+ fluxes in rat pancreatic islets. Biochemical Journal 214, 899–907.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Collier, G. (1984). Effect of co-ingestion of fat on the metabolic responses to carbohydrate or protein. PhD Thesis, University of Melbourne, Australia.Google Scholar
Collier, G.R., Chisholm, K., Sykes, S., Dryden, P. A. & O'Dea, K. (1985). More severe impairment of oral than IV glucose tolerance in rats after eating a high fat diet. Journal of Nutrition 115, 1471–1476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collings, P., Williams, C. & Macdonald, I. (1981). Effects of cooking on serum glucose and insulin responses to starch. British Medical Journal 282, 1032.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Committee on Medical Aspects of Food Policy (1984). Diet and cardiovascular disease. Report of the panel on diet in relation to cardiovascular disease. Report on Health & Social Subjects no. 28. London: H.M. Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Cook, D. L. & Hales, C. N. (1984). Intracellular ATP directly blocks K+ channels in pancreatic β-cells. Nature 311, 271–273.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crapo, P. A., Reaven, G. & Olefsky, J. M. (1976). Plasma glucose and insulin responses to orally administered simple and complex carbohydrates. Diabetes 25, 741–747.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Creutzfeldt, W. & Ebert, R. (1985). New developments in the incretin concept. Diabetologia 28, 565–573.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Creutzfeldt, W., Ebert, R., Nauck, M. & Stockmann, F. (1983). Disturbances of the entero-insular axis. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 18, Suppl. 82, 111–119.Google Scholar
Creutzfeldt, W., Ebert, R., Williams, B., Frerichs, H. & Brown, J. C. (1978). GIP and insulin in obesity: increased response to stimulation and defective feedback control of serum levels. Diabetologia 14, 15–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Deschamps, I., Hepner, W., Desjeux, J.-F., Baltakse, V., Machinot, S. & Lestradet, H. (1980). Effects of diet on insulin and GIP levels in obese children. Pediatric Research 14, 300–303.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dockray, G. J. (1987). Physiology of enteric neuropeptides. In Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract, vol. 1, pp. 41–66 [Johnson, L. R., editor]. New York: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Drucker, D. J., Philippe, J., Mojsov, S., Chick, W. L. & Habener, J. F. (1987). Glucagon-like peptide I stimulates insulin gene expression and increases cyclic AMP levels in a rat islet cell line. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. 84, 3434–3438.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dryburgh, J. R., Hampton, S. M. & Marks, V. (1980). Endocrine pancreatic control of the release of gastric inhibitory polypeptide: a possible physiological role for C-peptide. Diabetologia 19, 397–401.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dupré, J., Curtis, J. D., Waddell, R. W. & Beck, J. C. (1969). Effects of secretin, pancreozymin and gastrin on the response of the endocrine pancreas to administration of glucose or arginine in man. Journal of Clinical Investigation 48, 745–757.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dupré, J., Ross, S. A., Watson, D. & Brown, J. C. (1973). Stimulation of insulin secretion by gastric inhibitory polypeptide in man. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 37, 826–828.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ebert, R. & Creutzfeldt, W. (1980). Decreased GIP secretion through impairment of absorption. In Frontiers in Hormone Research, vol. 7, pp. 192–201 [Creutzfeldt, W., editor]. Basel: Karger.Google Scholar
Ebert, R. & Creutzfeldt, W. (1982). Influence of gastric inhibitory polypeptide antiserum on glucose-induced insulin secretion in rats. Endocrinology 111, 1601–1606.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ebert, R., Frerichs, H. & Creutzfeldt, W. (1979). Impaired feed-back control of fat-induced gastric inhibitory polypeptide secretion by insulin in obesity and glucose intolerance. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 9, 129–135.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ebert, R., Unger, R. H. & Creutzfeldt, W. (1983). Preservation of incretin activity after removal of gastric inhibitory polypeptide from rat gut extracts by immunoabsorption. Diabetologia 24, 449–454.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eckel, R. H., Fujimoto, W. J. & Brunzell, J. D. (1978). Gastric inhibitory polypeptide enhances lipoprotein lipase activity in cultured pre-adipocytes. Diabetes 28, 1141–1142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elahi, D., Meneilly, G. S., Hinaker, K. L., Rowe, J. W. & Andersen, D. K. (1986). Regulation of hepatic glucose production by gastric inhibitory polypeptide in man. In Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Gastrointestinal Hormones, Vancouver, BC, p. 18. Ottawa: National Research Council of Canadian Research Journals.Google Scholar
Elrick, H., Stimmler, L., Hlad, C. J. & Arai, Y. (1964). Plasma insulin responses to oral and intravenous glucose administration. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 24, 1076–1082.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Englyst, H. N. & Cummings, J. H. (1987). Digestion of polysaccharides of potato in the small intestine of man. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 45, 423–431.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Federlin, K. F. & Bretzel, R. G. (1986). Achievements in 20 years of islet transplantation research. Transplantation Proceedings 18, 1809–1813.Google Scholar
Flatt, P. R. & Bailey, C. J. (1981 a). Development of glucose intolerance and impaired plasma insulin response to glucose in obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice. Hormone & Metabolic Research 13, 556–560.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flatt, P. R. & Bailey, C. J. (1981 a). Importance of the enteroinsular axis for the insulin secretory response to glucose in obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice. Biochemical Society Transactions 9, 221–222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flatt, P. R. & Bailey, C. J. (1982 a). Plasma insulin responses to glucagon and arginine in Aston ob/ob mice. Hormone and Metabolic Research 14, 127–130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flatt, P. R. & Bailey, C. J. (1982 b). Role of dietary factors in the hyperinsulinaemia of genetically obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice. Journal of Nutrition 112, 2212–2216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flatt, P. R. & Bailey, C. J. (1984 a). Dietary components and plasma insulin responses to fasting and refeeding in genetically-obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice. British Journal of Nutrition 51, 403–413.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flatt, P. R. & Bailey, C. J. (1984 b). Neural involvement in the insulin response to feeding in obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice. In Lessons from Animal Diabetes, pp. 158–162 [Shafrir, E. and Renold, A. E., editors]. London: John Libby & Co.Google Scholar
Flatt, P. R. & Bailey, C. J. (1987). Effects of cholecystokinin variants (CCK-8 and CCK-33) on insulin release and glucose homeostasis in obese-hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice. Medical Science Research 15, 495–496.Google Scholar
Flatt, P. R., Bailey, C. J. & Buchanan, K. D. (1982). Regulation of plasma immunoreactive glucagon in obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice. Journal of Endocrinology 95, 215–227.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flatt, P. R., Bailey, C. J., Kwasowski, P., Swanston-Flatt, S. K. & Marks, V. (1983). Abnormalities of GIP in spontaneous syndromes of obesity and diabetes in mice. Diabetes 32, 433–435.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flatt, P. R., Bailey, C. J., Kwasowski, P., Swanston-Flatt, S. K. & Marks, V. (1985). Glucoregulatory effects of cafeteria feeding and diet restriction in genetically obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice. Nutrition Reports International 32, 847–854.Google Scholar
Flatt, P. R., Bailey, C. J., Swanston-Flatt, S. K., Best, L., Kwasowski, P., Buchanan, K. D. & Marks, V. (1984). Involvement of glucagon and GIP in the metabolic abnormalities of obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice. In Lessons from Animal Diabetes, pp. 341–347 [Shafrir, E. and Renold, A. E., editors]. London: John Libbey & Co.Google Scholar
Gerich, J. E., Charles, M. A. & Grodsky, G. M. (1976). Regulation of pancreatic insulin and glucagon secretion. Annual Review of Physiology 38, 353–388.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Green, I. C., Lo, G., Crowther, N., Bone, L., Ray, K. & Wallis, M. (1986). Mechanism of action of growth hormone releasing hormone on insulin secretion from islets of Langerhans and dispersed islet cells. Diabetologia 29, 542A.Google Scholar
Grey, N. & Kipnis, D. M. (1971). The effect of diet composition on the hyperinsulinaemia of obesity. New England Journal of Medicine 285, 827–831.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hallfrisch, J., Lazar, F. L., Jorgensen, C. & Reiser, S. (1979). Insulin and glucose responses in rats fed sucrose or starch. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 32, 787–793.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hampton, S. M., Kwasowski, P., Tan, K., Morgan, L. M. & Marks, V. (1983). Effect of pretreatment with a high fat diet on the gastric inhibitory polypeptide and insulin responses to oral triolein and glucose in rats. Diabetologia 24, 278–281.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hampton, S. M., Morgan, L. M., Tredger, J. A., Cramb, R. & Marks, V. (1986). Insulin and C-peptide levels after oral and intravenous glucose. Contribution of the entero-insular axis to insulin secretion. Diabetes 35, 612–616.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartmann, H., Ebert, R. & Creutzfeldt, W. (1986). Insulin-dependent inhibition of hepatic glycogenolysis by gastric-inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) in perfused rat liver. Diabetologia 29, 112–114.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hellman, B. (1986). Calcium transport in pancreatic β-cells: Implications for glucose regulation of insulin release. Diabetes/Metabolism Reviews 2, 215–241.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hellman, B., Sehlin, J. & Taljedal, I. B. (1971). Effects of glucose and other modifiers of insulin release on the oxidative metabolism of amino acids in micro-dissected pancreatic islets. Biochemical Journal 123, 513–521.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henquin, J. C. (1987). Regulation of insulin release by ionic and electrical events in β-cells. Hormone Research 27, 168–178.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henquin, J. C. & Meissner, H. P. (1981). Effects of amino acids on membrane potential and 86Rb+ fluxes in pancreatic β-cells. American Journal of Physiology 240, E245–E252.Google ScholarPubMed
Henquin, J. C. & Meissner, H. P. (1986). Cyclic adenosine monophosphate differently affects the response of mouse pancreatic β-cells to various amino acids. Journal of Physiology 381, 77–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Herchuelz, A. & Malaisse, W. J. (1981). Calcium movements and insulin release in pancreatic islet cells. Diabète & Métabolisme 7, 283–288.Google ScholarPubMed
Hermansen, K. (1984). Effects of cholecystokinin (CCK-4), non-sulphated CCK-8 and sulphated CCK-8 on pancreatic somatostatin, insulin and glucagon secretion in the dog; studies in vitro. Endocrinology 114, 1770–1775.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Himsworth, H. P. (1935). Diet and incidence of diabetes mellitus. Clinical Science and Molecular Medicine 2, 117–148.Google Scholar
Holst, J. J., Ørskov, C., Nielson, O. V. & Schwartz, T. W. (1987). Truncated glucagon-like peptide I, an insulin releasing hormone from the distal gut. FEBS Letters 211, 169–174.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jackson, R. A., Roshania, R. D., Hawa, M. I., Sim, B. M. & Disilvio, L. (1986). Impact of glucose ingestion on hepatic and peripheral glucose metabolism in man: an analysis based on simultaneous use of the forearm and double isotope techniques. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 63, 541–549.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jarjis, H. A., Blackburn, N. A., Redfern, J. S. & Read, N. W. (1984). The effect of isphagula (Fybogel and Metamucil) and guar gum on glucose tolerance in man. British Journal of Nutrition 51, 371–378.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, D. J. A., Wolever, T. M. S., Jenkins, A. L., Josse, R. G. & Wong, G. S. (1984). The glycaemic response to carbohydrate foods. Lancet ii, 388–391.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, D. J. A., Wolever, T. M. S., Leeds, A. R., Gassul, M. A., Haisman, P., Dilawari, J., Goff, D. V., Metz, G. L. & Alberti, K. G. M. M. (1978). Dietary fibres, fibre analogues and glucose tolerance: importance of viscosity. British Medical Journal i, 1392–1394.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jenkins, D. J. A., Wolever, T. M. S., Taylor, R. M., Barker, H., Fielden, H., Baldwin, J. M., Bowling, A. C., Newman, H. C., Jenkins, A. L. & Goff, D. V. (1981). Glycemic index of foods: a physiological basis for carbohydrate exchange. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 34, 362–366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, I. R., Owens, D. R., Moody, A. J., Luzio, S. D., Morris, T. & Hayes, T. M. (1987). The effects of gastric inhibitory polypeptide infused at physiological concentrations in normal subjects and type 2 diabetics on glucose tolerance insulin secretion. Diabetologia 30, 707–712.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kergoat, M., Bailbe, D. & Portha, B. (1987). Effect of high sucrose diet on insulin secretion and insulin action. A study in the normal rat. Diabetologia 30, 252–258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kofod, H., Hansen, B., Lernmark, A. & Hedeskov, C. J. (1986). Secretin and its C-terminal hexapeptide potentiates insulin release in mouse islets. American Journal of Physiology 250, E107–E113.Google ScholarPubMed
Korman, L. Y., Bhathena, S. J., Voyles, N. R., Oie, H. K. & Recant, L. (1985). Characteristics of the interaction of the glucagon receptor, cAMP and insulin secretion of parent cells and clone 5F of a cultured rat insulinoma. Diabetes 34, 717–722.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Krarup, T., Holst, J. J. & Madsbad, S. (1987). Heterogeneity of immunoreactive gastric inhibitory polypeptide in the plasma of newly diagnosed type I (insulin-dependent) diabetics. Acta Endocrinologica (Copenhagen) 114, 74–83.Google Scholar
Krarup, T., Moody, A. J., Saurbrey, N., Kuhl, C. & Madsbad, S. (1984). Effect of porcine gastric inhibitory polypeptide on β-cell function in type 1 and 2 diabetics. Diabetologia 27, 299.Google Scholar
Kreymann, B., Williams, G., Ghatei, M. A. & Bloom, S. R. (1987). Glucagon-like peptide 7–36: a physiological incretin in man. Lancet ii, 1300–1304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kwasowski, P., Flatt, P. R., Bailey, C. J. & Marks, V. (1985). Effect of fatty acid chain length and saturation on gastric inhibitory peptide release in obese hyperglycaemic (ob/ob) mice. Bioscience Reports 5, 701–705.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lauritsen, K. B., Holst, J. J. & Moody, A. J. (1981). Depression of insulin release by anti-GIP antiserum after oral glucose in rats. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 16, 417–420.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lerner, R. (1977). The augmentation effects of secretin on the insulin responses to known stimuli: specificity for glucose. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 45, 1–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Levitt, N. S., Vinik, A. I. & Child, P. T. (1980). Gastric inhibitory polypeptide in non-insulin dependent maturity onset diabetics. Effects of autonomic neuropathy. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 51, 254–258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lucas, A., Sarson, D. L., Bloom, S. R. & Aynsley-Green, A. (1980). Developmental aspects of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and its possible role in the entero-insular axis in neonates. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica 69, 321–325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McIntyre, N., Holdsworth, D. & Turner, D. S. (1964). New interpretation of oral glucose tolerance. Lancet ii, 20–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Malaisse, W. J. (1983). Insulin release: The fuel concept. Diabète & Métabolisme 9, 313–320.Google ScholarPubMed
Marks, H. E. & Davison, C. (1976). Hyperinsulinaemia: effects on body weight, obesity and motivated behaviour. Journal of Life Science 6, 1–10.Google Scholar
Morgan, L. M. (1979). Immunoassayable gastric inhibitory polypeptide: Investigations into its role in carbohydrate metabolism. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry 16, 6–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morgan, L. M., Goulder, T. J., Tsiolakis, D., Marks, V. & Alberti, K. G. M. M. (1978). The effect of unabsorbable carbohydrate on gut hormones: Modification of post-prandial GIP secretion by guar. Diabetologia 17, 85–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, L. M., Hampton, S. M., Tredger, J. A., Cramb, R. & Marks, V. (1988 a). Modification of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) secretion in man by a high-fat diet. British Journal of Nutrition 59, 373–380.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morgan, L. M., Tredger, J. A., Hampton, S. M., French, A. P., Peake, J. C. F. & Marks, V. (1988 b). The effect of dietary modification and hyperglycaemia on gastric emptying and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) secretion. British Journal of Nutrition 60, 29–37.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Morgan, L. M., Tredger, J. A., Hampton, S. M., Kwasowski, P., Wright, J., Dunn, M. & Marks, V. (1983). Effect of diet upon response of oral fat and glucose in man; modification in control of the entero-insular axis. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 18, Suppl. 87, 99–101.Google Scholar
Morgan, L. M., Tredger, J. A., Madden, A., Kwasowski, P. & Marks, V. (1985). The effect of guar-gum on carbohydrate, fat and protein stimulated gut hormone secretion. British Journal of Nutrition 53, 467–475.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nauck, M., Stockmann, F., Ebert, R. & Creutzfeldt, W. (1986). Reduced incretin effect in type 2 (non-insulin dependent) diabetes. Diabetologia 29, 46–52.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
O'Dea, K. (1984). Marked improvement in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in diabetic Australian aboriginals after temporary reversion to traditional lifestyles. Diabetes 53, 596–603.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Dea, K., Nestel, P. J. & Antonoff, L. (1980). Physical factors influencing post-prandial glucose and insulin response to starch. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 33, 760–765.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Dea, K., Snow, P. & Nestel, P. J. (1981). Rate of starch hydrolysis in vitro as a predictor of metabolic response to complex carbohydrates. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 34, 1991–1993.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Dorisio, T. M. & Cataland, S. (1981). Effect of diet on gastric inhibitory polypeptide release. In Gut Hormones, pp. 269–272 [Bloom, S. R. and Polak, J. M., editors]. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.Google Scholar
Okabayashi, Y., Otsuki, M., Ohki, A., Sakamoto, C. & Baba, S. (1983). Effects of C terminal fragments of cholecystokinin on exocrine and endocrine secretion from isolated perfused rat pancreas. Endocrinology 113, 2210–2215.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ostenson, C.-G. & Grill, V. (1987). Evidence that hyperglycaemia increases muscarinic binding in pancreatic islets of the rat. Endocrinology 121, 1705–1711.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Penman, E., Wass, J. A. H., Medback, S., Morgan, L. M., Lewis, J., Besser, G. M. & Rees, L. H. (1981). Response of circulating somatostatin to nutritional stimuli in normal subjects. Gastroenterology 81, 692–699.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Petersen, O. H. & Findlay, I. (1987). Electrophysiology of the pancreas. Physiology Reviews 67, 1054–1116.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Polak, J. M., Pearse, A. G. E., Grimelius, L. & Marks, V. (1975). Gastrointestinal apudosis in obese hyperglycaemic mice. Virchows Archiv Cell Pathology 19, 135–150.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rehfeld, J. & Stadil, F. (1983). The effect of gastrin on basal and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in man. Journal of Clinical Investigation 52, 1415–1426.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rizza, R., Mandarino, L. & Gerich, J. (1981). Dose-response characteristics for the effects of insulin on production and utilisation of glucose in man. American Journal of Physiology 240, E630.Google ScholarPubMed
Rorsman, P. & Trube, G. (1985). Glucose dependent K+ channels in pancreatic β-cells are regulated by intracellular ATP. Pflügers Archiv 405, 305–309.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ross, S. A., Brown, J. C. & Dupre, J. (1974). Effects of gastric inhibitory polypeptide on endocrine pancreas of normal and diabetic subjects. Diabetologia 10, 384.Google Scholar
Ross, S. A., Brown, J. C. & Dupre, J. (1977). Hypersecretion of gastric inhibitory polypeptide following oral glucose in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 26, 525–529.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rossetti, L., Shulman, G. I. & Zawalich, W. S. (1987). Physiological role of cholecystokinin in meal induced insulin secretion in conscious rats. Diabetes 36, 1212–1215.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rushakoff, R. J., Goldfine, I. D., Carter, J. D. & Liddle, R. A. (1987). Physiological concentrations of cholecystokinin stimulate amino-acid induced insulin release in humans. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 65, 395–401.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Salera, M., Giacomoni, P., Pironi, L., Cornia, G., Capelli, M., Marini, A., Benfenati, F., Miglioli, M. & Barbara, L. (1982). GIP release after oral glucose: relationship to glucose intolerance, diabetes mellitus and obesity. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 55, 329–336.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Salminen, S., Salminen, E. & Marks, V. (1982). The effects of xylitol on the secretion of insulin and gastric inhibitory polypeptide in man and rats. Diabetologia 22, 480–482.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Samols, E., Tyler, J., Marri, G. & Marks, V. (1965). Promotion of insulin secretion by glucagon. Lancet i, 415–416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Service, F. J., Rizza, R. A., Westland, R. E., Hall, L. D., Gerich, J. E. & Go, V. L. W. (1984). Gastric inhibitory polypeptide in obesity and diabetes mellitus. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 58, 1133–1140.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sharp, G. W. G. (1979). The adenylate cyclase-cyclic AMP system in islets of Langerhans and its role in the control of insulin release. Diabetologia 16, 287–296.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sheppard, M. C., Bailey, C. J., Flatt, P. R., Swanston-Flatt, S. K. & Shennan, K. I. J. (1985). Immunoreactive neurotensin in spontaneous syndromes of obesity and diabetes in mice. Acta Endocrinologica 108, 532–536.Google ScholarPubMed
Sirinek, K. R., O'Dorisio, T. M., Hill, D. & McFee, A. S. (1986). Hyperinsulinism, gastric inhibitory polypeptide and the entero-insular axis in morbidly obese patients before, and after gastric bypass. Surgery 100, 781–787.Google Scholar
Sud, S., Siddhu, A., Bijlani, R. L. & Karmarkar, M. G. (1988). Nutrient composition is a poor determinant of the glycaemic response. British Journal of Nutrition 59, 5–12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sykes, S., Morgan, L. M., English, J. & Marks, V. (1980). Evidence for preferential stimulation of gastric inhibitory polypeptide secretion in the rat by actively transported carbohydrates. Journal of Endocrinology 85, 201–207.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Szecowka, J., Grill, V., Sandberg, E. & Efendic, S. (1982). Effect of GIP on the secretion of insulin and somatostatin and the accumulation of cyclic AMP in vitro in the rat. Acta Endocrinologica 99, 416–421.Google ScholarPubMed
Tan, K. S., Kwasowski, P. & Marks, V. (1987). Effects of high-fat cafeteria diet on plasma insulin (IRI) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (IR-GIP) response to a glucose load in the rat. Clinical Science 73, Suppl. 17, 57P.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thim, L. & Moody, A. (1981). The amino acid response to porcine glicentin. Peptides 2, 37–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Truswell, A. S. & Thomas, B. J. (1975). Survey of dietary policy in British Diabetic Clinics. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 34, 22A–23A.Google ScholarPubMed
Turk, J., Wolf, B. A. & McDaniel, M. L. (1987). The role of phospholipid-derived mediators including arachidonic acid, its metabolites and inositol-triphosphate and of intracellular Ca2+ in glucose-induced insulin secretion by pancreatic islets. Progress in Lipid Research 26, 125–181.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Unger, R. H. & Eisentraut, A. M. (1969). Entero-insular axis. Archives of Internal Medicine 123, 261–266.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Versphol, E. J., Ammon, H. P. T., Williams, J. A. & Goldfine, I. D. (1986). Evidence that cholecystokinin interacts with specific receptors and regulates insulin release in isolated rat islets of Langerhans. Diabetes 35, 38–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walsh, J. H. (1987). Gastrointestinal hormones. In Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tract, vol. 1, pp. 181–254. [Johnson, L. R., editor]. New York: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Wasada, T., McCorkie, K., Harris, V., Kawai, K., Howard, B. & Unger, R. H. (1981). Effects of gastric inhibitory polypeptide on plasma levels of chylomicron triglycerides in dogs. Journal of Clinical Investigation 68, 1106–1107.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
West, K. M. & Kalbfleisch, J. (1971). Influence of nutritional factors on the prevalence of diabetes. Diabetes 20, 99–108.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Willms, B., Ebert, R. & Creutzfeldt, W. (1978). Gastric inhibitory polypeptide and insulin in obesity: II. Reversal of increased responses to stimulation by starvation or food restriction. Diabetologia 14, 379–387.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wollheim, C. B. & Sharp, G. W. G. (1981). Regulation of insulin release by calcium. Physiological Reviews 61, 914–973.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wong, S. & O'Dea, K. (1983). Importance of physical form rather than viscosity in determining the rate of starch hydrolysis in legumes. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 37, 66–70.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wood, S. M., Polak, J. M. & Bloom, S. R. (1983). Neuropeptides in the control of the islets of Langerhans. In CNS Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism, pp. 401–420 [Szabo, A. J., editor]. New York: Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woods, S. C. & Porte, D. (1974). Neural control of the endocrine pancreas. Physiological Reviews 54, 596–619.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zawalich, W., Takuwa, N., Takuwa, Y., Diaz, V. A. & Rasmussen, H. (1987). Interactions of cholecystokinin and glucose in rat pancreatic islets. Diabetes 36, 426–433.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed