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Modulation of intestinal stem cell homeostasis by nutrients: a novel therapeutic option for intestinal diseases

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 June 2021

Dan Wang ,
Pei Li ,
Jack Odle ,
Xi Lin ,
Jiangchao Zhao ,
Kan Xiao  and
Yulan Liu
Dan Wang
Affiliation:
Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
Pei Li
Affiliation:
Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
Jack Odle
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Developmental Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
Xi Lin
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Developmental Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
Jiangchao Zhao
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
Kan Xiao
Affiliation:
Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
Yulan Liu*
Affiliation:
Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
*
*Corresponding author: Yulan Liu, email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Intestinal stem cells, which are capable of both self-renewal and differentiation to mature cell types, are responsible for maintaining intestinal epithelial homeostasis. Recent evidence indicates that these processes are mediated, in part, through nutritional status in response to diet. Diverse dietary patterns including caloric restriction, fasting, high-fat diets, ketogenic diets and high-carbohydrate diets as well as other nutrients control intestinal stem cell self-renewal and differentiation through nutrient-sensing pathways such as mammalian target of rapamycin and AMP-activated kinase. Herein, we summarise the current understanding of how intestinal stem cells contribute to intestinal epithelial homeostasis and diseases. We also discuss the effects of diet and nutrient-sensing pathways on intestinal stem cell self-renewal and differentiation, as well as their potential application in the prevention and treatment of intestinal diseases.

Keywords

Intestinal stem cellsSelf-renewalDifferentiationDietary patternsIntestinal diseases
Type
Review Article
Information
Nutrition Research Reviews , Volume 35 , Issue 1 , June 2022 , pp. 150 - 158
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society

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