Hostname: page-component-745bb68f8f-kw2vx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-02-05T15:22:21.822Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Compatibilization of Biomass Fibers with Hydrophobic Materials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2011

Mohan Krishnan  and
Ramani Narayan
Mohan Krishnan
Affiliation:
Michigan State University & Michigan Biotechnology Institute, 3900 Collins Road, Lansing, MI 48909
Ramani Narayan
Affiliation:
Michigan State University & Michigan Biotechnology Institute, 3900 Collins Road, Lansing, MI 48909
Get access

Abstract

Composites of biomass fibers with hydrophobic polymers like polypropylene (PP) represent material systems with poor or no interfacial adhesion because of the inherent incompatibility between the respective components. Block and graft copolymers can function as compatibilizers to improve interfacial adhesion and provide composites with an improved and unique balance of properties. Various approaches to improving interfacial adhesion with an emphasis on our work on the compatibilization of biofibers (lignocellulosics) with polypropylene is presented. The biofiber-reinforced polypropylene composite was prepared by reactive extrusion. The compatibilizer which is the graft copolymer produced by reaction of maleated polypropylene with the cellulosic component of the biofiber, was generated insitu during reactive extrusion processing. Maleated polypropylene (MAPP) was produced by the peroxide catalyzed grafting of maleic anhydride (MA) on polypropylene (PP) in the extruder. It was subsequently alloyed with the biofiber by use of a catalyst to form covalent bonds between the components. Alternatively, all the processing steps i.e. maleation, graft formation and the alloying were done in a single extruder run. The chemistry occurring during the two reactive extrusion processing modes and its effect on the properties of the resultant materials is discussed.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 266: Symposium LA – Materials Interactions Relevant to Recycling of Wood-Based Materials , 1992 , 93
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Rowell, R.M. and Norimoto, M., J. Jap. Wood Res. Soc. 33 (11), 907 (1987).Google Scholar
2. Rowell, R.M., Youngquist, J.A., and Montrey, H.M., Forest Prod. J. 38 (7/8), 67 (1988).Google Scholar
3. Rowell, R.M., Simonson, R., and Tillman, A.-M., European Patent Appl. No. 85850268.5, (1985).Google Scholar
4. Owen, N.L., Banks, W.B., and West, H., J. Mol. Struct. 175, 389 (1988).Google Scholar
5. Kokta, B.V., Dembele, F., and Daneault, C., Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. 52, 99 (1985).Google Scholar
6. Kokta, B.V. and Daneault, C., Polym. Compos. 2 (5), 337 (1986).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7. Felix, J.M. and Gatenholm, P., J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 42, 609 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
8. Nagaty, A., J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 23, 3263 (1979).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9. Mukherjea, R.N., Pal, S.K., and Sanyal, S.K., J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 28, 3029 (1983).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Dalvag, H., Klason, C., and Stromvall, H.-E., Intern. J. Polymeric. Mater. 11, 9 (1985).Google Scholar
11. Zadorecki, P. and Flodin, P., J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 30, 3971 (1985).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12. Maldas, D., Kokta, B.V., and Daneault, C., J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 22, 751 (1989).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Maldas, D., Kokta, B.V., Polym. Compos. 11 (2), 77 (1990).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Kokta, B.V., Maldas, D., Daneault, C., and Beland, P., Polym. Compos. 11 (2), 84 (1990).Google Scholar
15. Myers, G.E., Chahyadi, I.S., Coberly, C.A., and Ermer, D.S., Intern. J. Polymeric. Mater. 15, 21 (1990).Google Scholar
16. Sapieha, S., Allard, P., Zang, Y.H., J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 41, 2039 (1990).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17. Biermann, C.J., Chung, J.B., and Narayan, R., Macromolecules 20 (5), 954 (1987).Google Scholar
18. Biermann, C.J. and Narayan, R., Polymer 28, 2176 (1987).Google Scholar
19. Narayan, R., Emerging Technologies for Materials and Chemicals from Biomass, edited by Rowell, R.M., Schultz, T.P., and Narayan, R. (Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Ser. 426, Washington, D.C. 1992) pp 57–75.Google Scholar
20. Narayan, R., Biermann, C.J., Hunt, M.O., and Horn, D.P., Adhesives from Renewable Resources, edited by Hemingway, R. W., Conner, A.H., and Branham, S. J. (Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Ser. 385, New Orleans, LA 1989) pp. 337–354..Google Scholar
21. Takase, S. and Shiraishi, N., J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 37,645 (1989).Google Scholar
22. Hogt, A., Annual Technical Proceedings of the Society of Plastics Engineers (ANTEC '88, Atlanta, GA 1988) pp. 1478–1481.Google Scholar