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Roles of different mineral seeds in heavy metals removal/recovery from simulated and actual acid mine wastewater

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 November 2024

Ziyu Wang ,
Minwang Laipan Open the ORCID record for Minwang Laipan [Opens in a new window] ,
Mengyao Yuan ,
Xueya Wan ,
Min Zhang  and
Junkang Guo
Ziyu Wang
Affiliation:
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
Minwang Laipan*
Affiliation:
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
Mengyao Yuan
Affiliation:
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
Xueya Wan
Affiliation:
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
Min Zhang
Affiliation:
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
Junkang Guo
Affiliation:
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, China
*
Corresponding author: Minwang Laipan; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Heavy metal being immobilised in the lattice of a mineral is beneficial for its removal, recovery and reuse from wastewater. It is therefore essential to determine how heavy metals can be transferred into minerals controllably. This work developed a potential way for transforming heavy metals (Cu2+, Pb2+, Ni2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+) in wastewater into solids with high efficiency by introducing crystal seeds. The results of this work demonstrate that the addition of hydrotalcite and paratacamite crystal seeds can enhance heavy metal removal, both in simulated and actual acid mine wastewater. The removal rate can be increased by 18–47% and 31.8% for each heavy metal and total heavy metals in the presence of each crystal seed, respectively. Additionally, the recovery products of heavy metals can be changed by crystal seeds. In the systems without crystal seeds, the recovery products are mixtures; but the pure phase can be achieved if crystal seeds are added. For instance, in the Cu2+–Al3+–Cl– system without crystal seeds, the products were mixtures of paratacamite and layered double hydroxides (LDHs). But the products could be altered easily by hydrotalcite or paratacamite seeds. Paratacamite seeds induced Cu2+ to form paratacamite at pH 5.0, but a mixture of LDHs and paratacamite at pH 7.0. In contrast, hydrotalcite seeds induced Cu2+ to form LDHs at both pH 5.0 and 7.0. From the perspective of enthalpies of formation, CuAl-LDH and paratacamite are potential products, but the former is generally more stable, and thus it becomes the dominant product of the reaction systems using crystal seeds. It is believed that the crystal seeds can accelerate the dynamic process of LDH formation. This work suggests a controllable way for heavy metals removal, recovery and reuse.

Keywords

heavy metal recyclingcrystal seedprecipitationmineralsfate
Type
Article
Information
Mineralogical Magazine , First View , pp. 1 - 11
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Mineralogical Society of the United Kingdom and Ireland.

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Runliang Zhu

This paper is part of a thematic set on Nanominerals and mineral nanoparticles

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