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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 September 2022
Usando como fuente una muestra de sumarios realizados a maestros de escuela en el período 1946–1955 este trabajo describe y analiza el impacto de la emergencia del peronismo en el campo escolar. El artículo explora el uso de la práctica de la denuncia en ese contexto y muestra que la llegada del peronismo puso en jaque la integración de la comunidad escolar. El nivel de conflicto contradice la imagen que el gobierno había construido sobre los maestros al hacerlos responsables de una campaña simbólica que buscaba generar consenso en torno de la figura de Perón y del nuevo régimen. La discusión centrada en el campo escolar sirve para exponer algunas hipótesis generales sobre el peronismo. A través de ésta se muestra cómo los ciudadanos participaron, aunque de una forma heterodoxa, en la construcción de la hegemonía peronista y cómo el peronismo generó al mismo tiempo solidaridades y tensiones nuevas aún dentro del mismo grupo social y/o profesional.
This article studies a sample of administrative processes carried out against teachers during Juan Perón's regime. The analysis aims to describe the impact of the arrival of Perón on the educational field. Exploring the practice of denunciation, the article shows that the emergence of Peronism created a great level of conflict among teachers, which contradicts the image that the government constructed teachers as allies in the symbolic campaign in favor of Perón himself. The specific discussion of education allows us to see how citizens participated in different and heterodox ways in the construction of the Peronist hegemony. At the same time, it shows how Peronism created both new tensions and cohesion among members of the same professional group and similar social backgrounds.
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