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Combining Technology and Geometric Morphometrics: Expanding the Definition of the Garivaldinense in Southern Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 March 2025

João Carlos Moreno*
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Arqueologia e Pré-História Evolutiva e Experimental, Instituto de Ciências Humanas e da Informação, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil, and Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia e Arqueologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
Renata Araujo
Affiliation:
Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas em Evolução, Cultura e Meio Ambiente, Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Mercedes Okumura
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Estudos Evolutivos Humanos, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Pedro Ignácio Schmitz
Affiliation:
Instituto Anchietano de Pesquisas, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, Brazil
*
Corresponding author: João Carlos Moreno; Email: [email protected]

Abstract

Research published in the last decade, which has provided data from both technological and morphometrical analyses of lithic points from southeastern and southern Brazil and Uruguay, suggests that there is much more cultural diversity among hunter-gatherers during the Early to Mid-Holocene than previously suggested by the Umbu Tradition model. Some of these studies have suggested new archaeological cultures and new definitions of lithic industries. In this article we present new data on another lithic assemblage that we associate with the Garivaldinense lithic industry and is found at the Pedro Fridolino Schmitz site. We also present, for the first time, the definition of two new types of lithic bifacial stemmed points. Our data suggest a low-density occupation of the site from the Middle to Late Holocene (8000–1000 BP) and some variability within the Garivaldinense industry throughout time and space.

Resumo

Resumo

Pesquisas publicadas na última década, as quais forneceram dados de análises tecnológicas e morfométricas de pontas líticas do Sudeste e Sul do Brasil e do Uruguai, sugerem que a diversidade cultural entre caçadores-coletores durante o Holoceno Inicial e Médio é muito maior do que se sugeria a partir do modelo conhecido como ‘Tradição Umbu’. Alguns destes estudos têm sugerido novas definições de culturas arqueológicas e indústrias líticas. Aqui nós apresentamos novos dados sobre mais uma coleção lítica que foi associada à Indústria Lítica Garivaldinense: O sítio arqueológico Pedro Fridolino Schmitz (ou sítio PFS). Também apresentamos, pela primeira vez, a definição de dois novos tipos de pontas bifaciais pedunculadas. Nossos dados sugerem uma baixa densidade de ocupação do sítio durante o Holoceno Médio e o Holoceno tardio (8000–1000 aP), assim como certa variabilidade dentro da Indústria Garivaldinense através do tempo e do espaço.

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Society for American Archaeology

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References

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