The reaction rate probability integral is extended from Maxwell–Boltzmann approach to a more general approach by using the pathway model introduced by Mathai in 2005 (A pathway to matrix-variate gamma and normal densities. Linear Algebr. Appl.396, 317–328). The extended thermonuclear reaction rate is obtained in the closed form via a Meijer's G-function and the so-obtained G-function is represented as a solution of a homogeneous linear differential equation. A physical model for the hydrodynamical process in a fusion plasma-compressed and laser-driven spherical shock wave is used for evaluating the fusion energy integral by integrating the extended thermonuclear reaction rate integral over the temperature. The result obtained is compared with the standard fusion yield obtained by Haubold and John in 1981 (Analytical representation of the thermonuclear reaction rate and fusion energy production in a spherical plasma shock wave. Plasma Phys.23, 399–411). An interpretation for the pathway parameter is also given.

In a cylindrical geometry, a low-pressure magnetized argon plasma is lit, using the rf upper hybrid resonance. As a radial dc electric field is formed, a perpendicular drift velocity is obtained on the charged particles and a collisional instability is raised. The description, study and identification of that wave were given in the last published work from NCSR ‘Demokritos’, both experimentally and theoretically. Since then, the research has been continued and significant results have been obtained concerning the fields of plasma parameters, wave further understanding, growth research and boundaries' strong influence. The aim of the present paper is to inform that the rising instability has many of the characteristics of drift instabilities that are caused by the density gradient, as well as the ability of it's frequency to overcome the ion gyro-frequency. In addition, it gives an answer to the well-known problem of the need to consider a small component of the wave vector in the parallel direction, in order the wave to rise through the electron-neutral collisions' proceedings; a strong influence of cavity length on wave amplitude has been observed and measured.

In 1962 E. G. Harris published a solution to the problem of a current sheet separating regions of oppositely directed magnetic field in a fully ionized plasma. The resulting solution has become known as the ‘Harris sheet’ and has been of great utility to the plasma physics community. In this paper, the footsteps of Harris are retraced with the addition of a multiply charged massive dust component. A set of highly nonlinear differential equations for a current sheet in a dusty plasma are presented. An analytic solution, similar to that of Harris, is found for the depleted electron regime. This solution is of great relevance to many astrophysical and laboratory dusty plasmas. Current sheet thickness and asymptotic field strength are calculated for various dusty plasma environments.

In this paper, we investigated the output characteristics of the electron bunch accelerated by a chirped femtosecond laser pulse in vacuum using linear, elliptical and circular polarization states. To examine the features of the energy and angular spectra, emittances and position distribution of the electron bunch numerically, 105 electrons are used. It is found that the initial emittances of the electron bunch together with a proper choice of the polarization state of the laser pulse could lead to the efficient electron bunch acceleration.

Multi-dimensional Alfvén simple waves in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) are investigated using Boillat's formalism. For simple wave solutions, all physical variables (the gas density, pressure, fluid velocity, entropy, and magnetic field induction in the MHD case) depend on a single phase function ϕ, which is a function of the space and time variables. The simple wave ansatz requires that the wave normal and the normal speed of the wave front depend only on the phase function ϕ. This leads to an implicit equation for the phase function and a generalization of the concept of a plane wave. We obtain examples of Alfvén simple waves, based on the right eigenvector solutions for the Alfvén mode. The Alfvén mode solutions have six integrals, namely that the entropy, density, magnetic pressure, and the group velocity (the sum of the Alfvén and fluid velocity) are constant throughout the wave. The eigenequations require that the rate of change of the magnetic induction B with ϕ throughout the wave is perpendicular to both the wave normal n and B. Methods to construct simple wave solutions based on specifying either a solution ansatz for n(ϕ) or B(ϕ) are developed.

In the present research paper, the nonlinear propagation of dust ion acoustic solitary waves in a collisional dusty plasma, which consists of negatively charged small dust grains, positively charged ions and isothermal electrons with background neutral particles, is investigated. The low rates compared to the ion oscillation frequency, of the charge-fluctuation dynamics of the dust grains, the ionization, ion-neutral and dust-neutral collisions (i.e. weak dissipations) are considered. Using the reductive perturbation theory, a damped Korteweg-de Vries (DKdV) equation is derived. On the other hand, the dynamics of solitary waves at a critical phase velocity is governed by a damped modified Korteweg-de Vries (DMKdV) equation. The nonlinear properties of dust ion acoustic waves in the presence of weak dissipations in the two cases are discussed.

Following the arguments presented by Mansuripur [Opt. Express, vol. 16, 2008, pp. 14821–14835], we suggest a form for the macroscopic electromagnetic stress tensor appropriate for ionized media. The generalized Lorentz force includes the effects of polarization forces as well as those on the free charge and current densities. The resulting tensor is written in terms of the fields D, B, E, and H. Its expression for a fully ionized medium subject to an external electromagnetic field is discussed, as are the plasma conservation equations. An apparatus is suggested for its experimental discrimination.

Theoretical analysis is presented of the nonlinear behavior of charge carriers in biological tissue under the influence of varying low-intensity electromagnetic (EM) field. The interaction occurs because of the nonlinear force arising due to the gradient of the EM field intensity acting on free electrons in the conduction band of proteins in metabolically active biological cell membrane receptors leading to a redistribution of charge carriers. Field dependence of the resulting dielectric constant is investigated by a suitable modification to include an additional electronic contribution term to the three-term Debye model. The exogenous EM field propagating in this nonlinear cellular medium satisfies the nonlinear Schrödinger equation and can be affected significantly. Resulting field effect can be substantially augmented and effective rectification/demodulation can occur. Possible implications of this modification on biological processes in white and grey matter are discussed.

The basic features of obliquely propagating dust ion-acoustic (DIA) solitary waves in an adiabatic magnetized dusty electronegative plasma (containing Boltzmann electrons, Boltzmann negative ions, adiabatic positive ions, and negatively charged stationary dust) have been investigated. The reductive perturbation method has been employed to derive the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation which admits a solitary wave solution. The combined effects of ion adiabaticity and external magnetic field (obliqueness), which are found to significantly modify the basic features of the small but finite-amplitude DIA solitary waves, are explicitly examined. The implications of our results in space and laboratory dusty plasmas are briefly discussed.