Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-94fs2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T01:23:41.221Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

High grain size stability of nanocrystalline Al prepared by mechanical attrition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2011

F. Zhou ,
J. Lee ,
S. Dallek  and
E. J. Lavernia
F. Zhou
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697–2575
J. Lee
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697–2575
S. Dallek
Affiliation:
Naval Surface Warfare Center, Carderock Division, 9500 MacArthur Boulevard, West Bethesda, Maryland 20817–5700
E. J. Lavernia
Affiliation:
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697–2575
Get access

Abstract

Grain growth in nanocrystalline (nc) Al with a grain size of 26 nm produced by cryogenic mechanical milling was studied through x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. Grain growth kinetics resembled those of ball-milled nc Fe. For homologous temperatures (T/TM) of 0.51–0.83, the time exponent n from D1/n − D01/n = kt was 0.04–0.28, tending toward 0.5 as T/TM increased. Two grain-growth regimes were distinguished: below T/TM = 0.78 growth ceased at an approximate grain size of 50 nm while at higher temperatures, grain growth proceeded steadily to the submicrometer range. Grain growth over the range of temperatures studied cannot be explained in terms of a single thermally activated rate process. The observed high grain size stability was attributed primarily to impurity pinning drag associated with the grain growth process.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Materials Research , Volume 16 , Issue 12 , December 2001 , pp. 3451 - 3458
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Gleiter, H., Acta Mater. 48, 1 (2000).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Malow, T.R. and Koch, C.C., Acta Mater. 45, 2177 (1997).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Malow, T.R. and Koch, C.C., in Synthesis and Processing of Nanocrystalline Materials, edited by Bourell, D.L. (TMS, Warren-dale, PA, 1996), p. 33.Google Scholar
4.Lu, K., Mater. Sci. Eng. R16, 161 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5.Weissmuäller, J., in Synthesis and Processing of Nanocrystalline Materials, edited by Bourell, D.L. (TMS, Warrendale, PA, 1996), p. 3.Google Scholar
6.Suryanarayana, C., Int. Mater. Rev. 40, 41 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7.Shewmon, P.G., Transformation in Metals (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1969), p. 300.Google Scholar
8.Birringer, R., Mater. Sci. Eng. A 117, 33 (1989); V.Y. Gertsman and R. Birringer, Scripta Metall. Mater. 30, 577 (1994).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9.Klement, U., Erb, U., El-Sherik, A. M., and Aust, K.T., Mater. Sci. Eng. A 203, 177 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10.Siegel, R.W., Ramasamy, S., Hahn, H., Li, Z., Lu, T., and Gronsky, R., J. Mater. Res. 3, 1367 (1988).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Lu, K., Dong, Z.F., Bakonyi, I., and Cziraki, A., Acta Metall. Mater. 43, 2641 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Eckert, J., Holzer, J.C., and Johnson, W.L., J. Appl. Phys. 73, 131 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13.Krill, C.E., Klein, R., Janes, S., and Birringer, R., Mater. Sci. Forum 179–181, 443 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14.Perez, R.J., Jiang, H.G., Dogan, C.P., and Lavernia, E.J., Metall. Trans. A 29, 2469 (1998).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.Weissmuäller, J., Nanostruc. Mater. 3, 261 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Knauth, P., Charai, A., and Gas, P., Scripta Metall. Mater. 28, 325 (1993).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Hoäfler, H.J. and Averback, R.S., Scripta Metall. Mater. 24, 2401 (1990).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
18.Boylan, K., Ostrander, D., Erb, U., Palumbo, G., and Aust, K.T., Scripta Metall. Mater. 25, 2711 (1991).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.Bansal, C., Gao, Z., and Fultz, B., Nanostruct. Mater. 5, 327 (1995).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
20.Beck, P.A., Kremer, J.C., Demer, L.J., and Holzworth, M.L., Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Engrs. 175, 372 (1948).Google Scholar
21.Burke, J.E., Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Engrs. 180, 73 (1949).Google Scholar
22.Hu, H. and Rath, B.B., Metall. Trans. 1, 3181 (1970); R.A. Vandermeer and H. Hu, Acta Metall. Mater. 42, 3071 (1994).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23.Michels, A., Krill, C.E., Ehrhardt, H., Birringer, R., and Wu, D.T., Acta Mater. 47, 2143 (1999).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24.Luton, M.J., Jayanth, C.S., Disko, M.M., Matras, S., and Vallone, J., in Multicomponent Ultrafine Microstructures, edited by McCandish, L.E., Kear, B.H., Polk, D.E., and Siegel, R.W. (Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 132 Pittsburgh, PA, 1989), p. 79.Google Scholar
25.Klug, H.P. and Alexander, L., X-ray Diffraction Procedures for Polycrystalline and Amorphous Materials, 2nd ed. (John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1974), p. 661.Google Scholar
26.Eckert, J., Holzer, J.C., IIIKrill, C.E., and Johnson, W.L., J. Mater. Res. 7, 1751 (1992).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27.Oleszak, D. and Shingu, P.H., J. Appl. Phys. 79, 2975 (1996).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
28.Smith, C.S., Trans. AIME 9, 15 (1949).Google Scholar
29.Frost, H.J. and Ashby, M.F., in Deformation-Mechanism Maps: The Plasticity and Creep of Metals and Ceramics (Pergamon Press, Oxford, United Kingdom, 1982), p. 21; Smithells Metals Reference Book, 5th ed. (Butterworths, Oxford, United Kingdom, 1976), p. 860.Google Scholar
30.Dais, S., Messer, R., and Seeger, A., Mater. Sci. Forum 15–18, 419 (1987).CrossRefGoogle Scholar