1. The writer has reviewed the literature on the systematics of genera Habronema, Excisa, Cyrnea and Sicarius. The genus Habronema is divided into two subgenera, Habronema and Aviabronema, for the parasites of mammals and birds respectively. A key to the known species of the genus is given.

2. Eight new species* of Aviabronema are described ; of these six are reported from birds of prey, one from the green pigeon (Crocopus phoenicopterus) and the other from the grackle (Gracula intermedia).

3. A new species of Excisa and another new species of Cyrnea are described ; Sicarius dipterum is reported from India.

In view of Morgan's (1943) contribution “The Physalopterinae (Nematode) of Aves”, it is unnecessary here to review the literature in this group; but it should be noted that Morgan regards Physaloptera alata as having four pairs of pedunculated papillae on the male tail, whereas Cram (1927), reproducing Rudolphi's (1819) and Seurat's (1914) descriptions, states the number to be five. Ortlepp (1922), Li (1934) and Singh (1949) also described the number as five.

Several years ago, thanks to a grant obtained from the British Council, I spent a fortnight in Oxford at the Bureau of Animal Population. During this stay, I was able to trap some small mammals in a wood near Oxford. Among these mammals were several water shrews, Neomys fodiens Schr., which were brought to Belgium to be put in the collection of the State Entomological Research Station.

(1)Paramphistomum phillerouxi sp.nov. from rumina of cattle in Northern Rhodesia is described and its morphology compared with that of Paramphistomum microbothrium Fischoeder from Egypt, Kenya, Northern Rhodesia, and South Africa.

(2)Bulinus forskalii (Ehrenberg) is a natural intermediate host of P. phillerouxi in Northern Rhodesia and Tanganyika. Of other snails, Bulinus senegalensis (Muller) from Gambia was successfully infected experimentally, and Bulinus cernicus (Morelet) in Mauritius was found naturally infected with P. phillerouxi.

(3) The development of P. phillerouxi in Bitlinus forskalii is described. The sporocyst gives birth to 18 to 28 rediae. These firstgeneration rediae are able to produce daughter rediae as well as cercariae. It seemed that not all of the first-generation rediae started to produce daughter rediae first. Some of the rediae began by producing cercariae and produced a few daughter rediae later alongside numerous cercariae. There is some evidence that the subsequent generations of rediae are also capable of developing daughter rediae and cercariae simultaneously.

(4) The first young cercariae to leave the parent rediae were observed 21 days after exposure of the snails to a single miracidium each, and the first shedding of mature cercariae was noted 42 days after the exposure, the snails being kept at 20°C.

Labiduris africana Gedoelst, 1916 was collected from two tortoises belonging to the genus Kinixys, viz. K. australis in Swaziland and K. belliana in Nyasaland. It was originally described by Gedoelst from K. erosa in the Belgian Congo. A redescription from the new material is followed by a key to the known species of the genus Labiduris and a summary and discussion of the somewhat confusing literature on these species.

Some experiments were carried out on the migration route of the parasite N. brasiliensis. The infective larvae migrate to the lungs via the lymphatic system and not by the blood stream. The larvae reached the lymphatic gland draining the site of infection from 12 to 17 hours after normal exposure to infection and the lungs from 18 hours onwards.

(1) Rats and mice are specific hosts to N. brasiliensis.

(2) The life span of the parasite may reach up to 100 days in the rat but is much shorter in other experimental animals.

(3) Chickens do not become infected with this parasite.

(4) It was found that the route of migration of this parasite inside the body to the lungs was via the lymph system and not via the blood in all experimental animals.

(5) The larvae, after application to the skin, reach the lymph glands draining the site of infection, not before 12 hours ; and they reach the lungs at 18 hours after exposure to infection.

Daubaylia elegans n.sp., is described from Planorbis carinatus in the Netherlands. Tables are given of the comparative measurements of the other members of the genus. The main differences between D. elegans n.sp., and these other species are the ratio length to breadth, the length of the tail, the presence of a cuticular knob on the tail of the female and the relative size of the male genital armature.

Cercaria londonensis Khan, 1900 is shown to develop into a new species of Echinosloma. The stages in the life history are described.

Representatives of the ‘Lophocercous’ group are recorded from Britain for the first time. Two new species are described and a summary of the classification of this group is discussed.

1. The morphology of the adult worms and the microfilariae are described of a new species of filarial worm, Dipetalonema manson-bahri.

2. Dehpsylla crassipes Jordon, 192G, a flea specific to Pedetes surdasler, was found in nature to contain infective larvae which are believed to be those of D. manson-bahri.

3. In the laboratory full development of D. manson-bahri was observed in Ctenocephalides felis and Xenopsylla cheopis.

Observations were made on the biology of Cotylophoron cotylophum in respect of the hatching of miracidia, infection of the intermediary mollusc, emergence and encystment of cercariae, and on the pathogenicity of the parasite. It was noted that miracidia of this parasite hatch in 15 days at a temperature of 28-30°C. At a lower or higher temperature than this hatching is delayed. When the miracidia are mature a sudden fall in temperature hastens their hatching. Darkness has no adverse effect on hatching. These miracidia show a marked attraction towards Indoplanorbis exustus, which are proven to be the intermediary molluscs of this amphistome. At room temperature, ranging between 21-24°C. during the day and 18-21°C. at night, sporocysts develop within the snails in about 24 hours and on the 4th day rediae are seen developing inside the sporocysts.

During systematic studies of helminths of reptiles and birds the writer found a very interesting cestode which was collected from Agama cyanogastcr and is described here as Megacapsula leipcr.i gen. et sp. nov. Two other cestodes, Oochoristica zonuri Baylis, 1919, and Arostellina rcticulala Neiland, 1955, are recorded from new hosts and are redescribed.

A redescription is given of the morphology of the bladder (normal) and branchial (neotenic) forms and the structure'of the larva of Polystoma integerrimum, including a description of the histological changes accompanying digestion, and an account of the peripheral sensory system of the bladder adult.

Seven mature males and as many females, mature or gravid, were taken from the large intestine of Sus leucomystax Temm. by Dr. Shozo Watanabe of the Institute of Veterinary Hygiene in Niigata Prefecture on 2nd March, 1940. A careful comparison of them with related species has revealed that they represent a distinct species, for which the name Oesophagostomum watanabei is proposed in honor of the collector.