Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T18:06:11.400Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Responding to Relative Decline: The Plank Road Boom of Antebellum New York

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 March 2009

John Majewski
Affiliation:
Department of the University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90024
Christopher Baer
Affiliation:
Assistant Curator of Manuscripts and Archives at the Hagley Museum and Library, P.O. Box 3630, Wilmington, DE 19807.
Daniel B. Klein
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor of Economics at the University of California, Irvine, CA 92717.

Abstract

From 1847 to 1853 New Yorkers built more than 3,500 miles of wooden roads. Financed primarily by residents of declining rural townships, plank roads were seen as a means of linking isolated areas to the canal and railroad network. A broad range of individuals invested in the roads, suggesting that the drive for bigger markets was supported by a large cross section of the population. Considerable community spirit animated the movement, indicating that New Yorkers used the social capital of the community to reach their entrepreneurial aspirations.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The Economic History Association 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abbott, Carl, “The Plank Road Enthusiasm in the Antebellum Middle West,” Indiana Magazine of History, 67 (06 1971), pp. 95116.Google Scholar
Albany Argus (06 20, 1849).Google Scholar
Alward, Dennis E., and Pierce, Charles F., Index of Local and Special Acts of the State of Michigan, 1803–1927 (Lansing, MI, 1928).Google Scholar
Baker, Ira, A Treatise on Roads and Pavements (New York, 1905).Google Scholar
Barron, Hal S., Those Who Stayed Behind: Rural Society in Nineteenth Century New England (New York, 1984).Google Scholar
Benson, Lee, Merchants, Farmers, and Railroads (Cambridge, 1955).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Binford, Henry C., The First Suburbs: Residential Communities on the Boston Periphery, 1815–1860 (Chicago, 1985).Google Scholar
Blunt, J. (Chairman), “Report on Roads,” presented at the Internal Improvements Convention, 1836 (bound with item 385 N559 at the New York State Library).Google Scholar
Bogart, William H., “The First Plank Road Movement,” Hunt's Merchant Magazine and Commercial Review, 24 (1851), pp. 6365.Google Scholar
Buck, Clifford M., ed., “Account of the Poughkeepsie and Stormville Plank Road,” Dutchess County Historical Yearbook, 65 (1980), pp. 2128.Google Scholar
Clark, Christopher, The Roots of Rural Capitalism: Western Massachusetts, 1780–1860 (Ithaca, 1990).Google Scholar
Coleman, James S., “Norms as Social Capital,” in Radnitzky, Gerald and Bernholz, Peter, eds., Economic Imperialism (New York, 1987), pp. 133–55.Google Scholar
Danhof, Clarence H., “The Farm Enterprise: The Northern United States, 1820–1860,” Research in Economic History, 4 (1979), pp. 127–91.Google Scholar
Delorme Mapping Company. New York State Atlas and Gazetteer (Freeport, ME, 1988).Google Scholar
Durrenberger, Joseph, Turnpikes: A Study of the Toll Road Movement in the Middle Atlantic States and Maryland (Valdosta, GA, 1931).Google Scholar
Ellis, David Maldwyn, Landlords and Farmers in the Hudson-Mohawk Region, 1790–1850 (New York, 1946).Google Scholar
Fairfield Collection, Box 5, New York City Public Library (New York City, n.d.).Google Scholar
French, J. H., 1860 Gazetteer of the State of New York (New York, 1860).Google Scholar
Gates, Paul W., The Farmer's Age: Agriculture, 1815–1860 (New York, 1960).Google Scholar
Geddes, George, Observations Upon Plank Roads (Syracuse, 1850).Google Scholar
Gentry, North Todd, “Plank Roads in Missouri,” Missouri Historical Review, 31 (1937), pp. 272–87.Google Scholar
Georgia, , Official Code of Georgia Annotated (Charlottesville, VA, 1982).Google Scholar
Gillespie, William, A Manual of the Principles and Practice of Road Making (New York, 1850).Google Scholar
Goodrich, Carter, “Public Spirit and American Improvements,” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 92 (1948), pp. 305–9.Google Scholar
Gregory, Uriah, Manuscript Papers, Folder 486, Broome County Historical Society (Binghamton, New York, n.d.).Google Scholar
Guillet, Edwin C., “Plank Roads: An Account of their History and Construction, together with Traveler's Descriptions of Journeys upon Them” (Unpublished manuscript, Toronto, n.d.).Google Scholar
Gunn, L. Ray, The Decline of Authority: Public Economic Policy and Political Development in New York State, 1800–1860 (Ithaca, 1988).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haydon, Roger, Upstate Travels: British Views of Nineteenth-Century New York (Syracuse, 1982).Google Scholar
Henretta, James A., “Families and Farms: Mentalité in Pre-Industrial America,” William and Mary Quarterly, 35 (1978), pp. 332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Illinois, , “Charters Granted by Special Act Prior to 1872, Roads” (Mimeograph, Illinois Office of the Secretary of State, Springfield, IL, n.d.).Google Scholar
Kingsford, William, “A Few Words on Plank Roads,” in Skinner, J. S., ed., History, Structure, and Statistics of Plank Roads in the United States and Canada (Philadelphia, 1851).Google Scholar
Klein, Daniel B., “Voluntary Provision of a Public Good? The Turnpikes of Early America,” Economic Inquiry, 28 (1990), pp. 788812.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Klein, Daniel B., and Majewski, John, “Economy, Community, and Law: The Turnpike Movement in New York, 1797–1845,” Law and Society Review, 26 (1992), pp. 469512.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kulikoff, Allan, “The Transition to Capitalism in Rural America,” William and Mary Quarterly, 46 (1989), pp. 120–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Long Island Democrat (03 12, 1850).Google Scholar
Miller, Roberta B., City & Hinterland: A Case Study of Urban Growth and Regional Development (Westport, CT, 1979).Google Scholar
Monkkonen, Eric H., American Becomes Urban: The Development of U.S. Cities and Towns, 1780–1980 (Berkeley, 1988).Google Scholar
New York State, Census of the State of New York, for 1855 (Albany, 1857).Google Scholar
New York State, State Assembly, “Annual Report on Railroads,” New York State Assembly Documents, No. 120 (1854), pp. 1112.Google Scholar
New York State, State Assembly, “Report on the Committee on Roads and Bridges,” New York State Assembly Documents, No. 197 (1844).Google Scholar
New York State, State Legislature, Laws of New York (1854).Google Scholar
New York State, State Senate, “Report on Roads and Bridges,” New York State Senate Documents, No. 50 (1847).Google Scholar
Pierce, Harry H., Railroads of New York: A Study of Government Aid, 1826–1875 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1953).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raitt, John E., Ruts in the Road, vol. 2 (Delhi, NY, 1983).Google Scholar
“Report of the Committee, appointed at a Meeting of the Citizens of Ithaca, New York,” bound pamphlet in the New York Public Library, New York City (1848).Google Scholar
Rothenberg, Winifred B., “The Market and Massachusetts Farmers, 1750–1855,” this Journal, 41 (1981), pp. 283314.Google Scholar
Rothenberg, Winifred B., “The Emergence of a Capital Market in Rural Massachusetts, 1780–1838,” this Journal, 45 (1985), pp. 781808.Google Scholar
Rothenberg, Winifred B., “The Emergence of Farm Labor Markets and the Transformation of the Rural Economy: Massachusetts, 1750–1855,” this Journal, 48 (1988), pp. 537–66.Google Scholar
Scheiber, Harry N., “Federalism and American Economic Order, 1789–1910,” Law and Society Review, 10 (1975), pp. 57118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shupe, Barbara, Steins, Janet, and Pandit, Jyoti, New York State Population, 1790–1980 (New York, 1987).Google Scholar
Starling, Robert B., “The Plank Road Movement in North Carolina, Part 1,” North Carolina Historical Review, 16 (1939), pp. 122.Google Scholar
Stephenson, Richard W., ed., Landownership Maps: A Checklist of Nineteenth Century United States County Maps in the Library of Congress (Washington, DC, 1967).Google Scholar
Taylor, George Rogers, The Transportation Revolution, 1815–1860 (New York, 1951).Google Scholar
Tocqueville, Alexis de, Democracy in America (New York, 1981; originally published in 1835 and 1840). Edited and abridged by Thomas Bender.Google Scholar
U.S. National Archives, Manuscript Returns of the Seventh Census of the United States, 1850 (Washington, DC, 1850).Google Scholar
White, Philip L., Beekmantown, New York: Forest Frontier to Farm Community (Austin, TX, 1979).Google Scholar
Wisconsin, , A History of Wisconsin Highway Development, 1835–1945 (Madison, 1947).Google Scholar
Wood, Frederick J., The Turnpikes of New England (Boston, 1919).Google Scholar