Objectives/Goals: This study will integrate scientific evidence to create messaging about the modifiable risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and examine how culturally tailoring elements in message content, such as text and visualizations in infographic messaging, impacts cognitive processing of AD prevention messages among Black adults. Methods/Study Population: This study is guided by the two-dimensional theory of cultural sensitivity and the elaboration likelihood model (ELM). The two-dimensional theory distinguishes between surface structure (visualizations) and deep structure (text with embedded cultural features) in messaging. The ELM considers how message attributes influence cognitive processing. A 2 × 2 factorial experiment will test the impact of cultural features (surface vs. deep) and message type (text-based vs. infographic) on persuasive outcomes regarding modifying AD risk factors. Black adults will be recruited from local churches and randomly assigned to one of four conditions, after which they will complete post-test measures. Statistical analyses will determine the effects of cultural tailoring and message effects on outcome variables. Results/Anticipated Results: Guided by previous literature (Resnicow et al., 1999; Lazard & Atkinson, 2015; Lam et al., 2022), we hypothesize an interaction effect of cultural tailoring and message type, wherein surface structure infographic messages and deep structure text-based messages will outperform the other two message conditions, resulting in greater cognitive processing and more positive attitudes and behavioral intentions toward modifying AD risk factors. In addition, a research question asks whether there will be differences between surface structure infographic messages and deep structure text-based messages on outcome variables. The study will advance understanding of the effects of cultural sensitivity and visual vs. text-based messaging by integrating these literatures. Discussion/Significance of Impact: This research will contribute to the literature on culturally tailored health messages and persuasive effects of text vs. visual messages. The findings can inform the development of more effective, culturally relevant public health campaigns for AD prevention by reducing risk for AD through modifiable risk factors in diverse populations.

Objectives/Goals: Arterial stiffness is a determinant of vascular health. Older Black females exhibit greater arterial stiffness than White females. Exercise minimizes negative health effects of prolonged exposure to adverse social determinants of health (SDoH). Here, we will assess the role of exercise on race differences in arterial stiffness and SDoH in females. Methods/Study Population: We will recruit 96 postmenopausal females (48 Black, 48 White) from the Birmingham, AL area. Graded exercise tests will be used to define training status (“trained”: VO2max ≥60th percentile, “untrained”: ≤35th percentile). We will assess arterial stiffness via pulse wave velocity (SphygmoCor XCEL). SDoH will include income, education, neighborhood deprivation, racial discrimination, food insecurity, and healthcare access, all measured via corresponding surveys. We will then perform a two-way analysis of variance (race × training status) to assess the differences in arterial stiffness between groups. Through linear regression, we will evaluate the statistical relations between arterial stiffness and race, training status, and SDoH. Results/Anticipated Results: Our central hypothesis is that Black females will have greater arterial stiffness, by way of greater exposure to adverse SDoH, than White females, but that habitual aerobic exercise will attenuate this race difference. Ultimately, we aim to inform future clinical trials related to understanding female-specific cardiovascular disease progression. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Black females face significant exposure to adverse SDoH and have the highest rates of cardiovascular disease in the United States. However, females are still widely underrepresented in relevant research. This will be the first study to examine the roles of aerobic exercise, race, and SDoH in cardiovascular disease risk among females.

Objectives/Goals: To develop a user-friendly tool to simplify the Trillium Drug Program (TDP) application process, addressing barriers for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) users aged 25 to 64 years. This project may also serve as a scalable model for improving accessibility across other service delivery programs. Methods/Study Population: This study uses the Translational Research Framework to create and refine an online TDP guide. Participants include Ontario residents aged 23 to 64 years. Challenges are identified in the “Understand” phase, while user-driven feedback in the “Act” phase iteratively enhances the tool. Virtual prototyping interviews via Zoom will assess user experience, and error rates will be evaluated by comparing tool suggestions with verified mock scenarios. Twenty participants will test the tool in two iterations: Version 1 from January to February 2025, and Version 2 based on feedback from February to March 2025. Results/Anticipated Results: It is anticipated that participants will encounter fewer barriers to completing the TDP application when using the tool. We expect to see an improvement in user experience by simplifying complex procedures and guiding participants through mock applications with generated scenarios. Data collected from user feedback will highlight specific elements of the tool that require enhancement. Ultimately, we anticipate an increase in successful TDP applications among participants and improvements in accessibility and efficiency of the application process for PrEP users aged 23 to 64 years in Ontario. Discussion/Significance of Impact: The developed tool aims to reduce financial barriers to PrEP access by facilitating successful enrolment in the TDP. The project’s broader impact includes improving health outcomes for underserved communities and contributing to equitable healthcare service delivery.

Objectives/Goals: Community members in North Central Florida who were identified with high mental health burden, through completion of a Health Needs Assessment in our community engagement program, experienced higher rates of health disparities like food insecurity, recent marijuana use, and burden of disease compared to persons with lower mental health burden. Methods/Study Population: Data were collected through HealthStreet, a University of Florida community engagement program to reduce disparities in healthcare and research. Multivariate and logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify differences between community members with high mental health burden (HMHB; reported depression and scored 8–10 on the stress/loneliness scale) and people with low mental health burden (LMHB; no reported depression and scored 1–7 on the stress/loneliness scale) on age, sex, race, food insecurity, trust in research/researchers, recent marijuana use, high blood pressure, and anxiety. Results/Anticipated Results: Among 3,736 CMs, 21.9% (n = 819) were considered to have high mental health burden. They were statistically significantly more likely to be middle-aged (37.9% vs. 31.2% LMHB), food insecure (62.6% vs. 35.2% LMHB), self-reported marijuana use in the past 30 days (29.2% vs. 15.5% LMHB), and experienced anxiety (70.8% vs. 34.4% LMHB). There were no differences by sex or trust. Discussion/Significance of Impact: People with HMHB do in fact have more disparities than people with LMHB but trust in research(ers) is not affected. These disparities contribute to significant distress over the lifespan. HealthStreet has engaged people with higher mental health burden and provided social referrals, which is crucial to reduce disparities and improve outcomes.

Objectives/Goals: The goals of this research are to 1) determine the prevalence of perinatal doula services use in Virginia, with a focus on individuals with substance use disorders (SUD), 2) evaluate awareness of doulas among pregnant and postpartum people with SUD, and 3) assess provider knowledge and interaction with doulas for the care of this population. Methods/Study Population: Both quantitative and qualitative methods will be used to evaluate patient and healthcare provider knowledge regarding doula services and the patient–doula–healthcare provider relationship. Surveys and semi-structured interviews will be administered to doulas, pregnant and postpartum women, and healthcare providers in this mixed-methods approach. Information from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services National Provider Identifier (NPI) Registry, and doula training programs will be utilized to recruit doulas for participation. Paper and online recruitment materials will be posted to engage pregnant and postpartum individuals. Healthcare provider recruitment will occur via the NPI Registry along with contacting physicians’ practices. SAS 9.4 and NVivo will be utilized for analysis. Results/Anticipated Results: This proposed research will be an initial assessment of the current state of doula services utilization, mothers’ knowledge of doulas and their purpose, and healthcare providers’ awareness of and partnership with doulas to provide optimal birthing and postpartum experiences to the pregnant and parenting population with and without SUD. Results from this study will be disseminated to community doulas, pregnant people and mothers with substance use disorders, and relevant healthcare providers to decrease barriers to doula care and advocate for consistent, systematic documentation of doula services in the medical record and in public health surveillance systems. Discussion/Significance of Impact: This study will be the first study to assess doula services utilization in Virginia, with a specific focus on pregnant and postpartum women with substance use disorders. This work will support advocacy for improved data capture and utilization regarding doula services in order to reduce barriers to care and improve perinatal outcomes.

Objectives/Goals: The purpose of this study was to document the publicly available literature, measurement tools, secondary data, and expert perspective on the intersectional care gaps and disparities of children with palliative needs in foster care. Methods/Study Population: Four data collection methods determined the frontier of available information on the palliative needs of children in foster care. A literature review assessed the quality and content of published evidence. A catalogue of relevant measures tools and validation results determined what psychometric tools exist for the population, how well they performed in validation studies, and if any incorporated community members in their development. The National Data Archive for Child Abuse and Neglect was consulted to assess whether existing secondary data was fit for purpose. Informal interviews will be conducted with subject matter experts (pediatrics, palliative care, foster care) to determine the legitimacy and urgency of the problem. Results/Anticipated Results: Health inequities among children in foster care and children with medical complexity (CMC) suggest a strong likelihood of unmet palliative care needs for CMC in foster care; however, no literature or data describe the scope and severity, and few insights support development of safe and supportive interventions to meet these needs. No national publicly available datasets include both foster-related case or placement information and diagnosis or service-specific data, including Medicaid data and the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS). No work has been published integrating foster parents or former foster youth input on palliative needs. Participatory action research methodologies with critically ill patients have led to improvements in patient experience and clinical care. Discussion/Significance of Impact: The lack of data, community engagement, and validated measures to identify palliative needs of children in foster care stymie efforts to identify and correct health inequities. Participatory action research is needed to meaningfully engage foster and health care partners to determine what palliative care needs should be prioritized and measured.

Objectives/Goals: Substantial evidence supports the use of community engagement in CTS. Yet, there is a lack of empirical basis for recommending a particular level of community engagement over others. We aimed to identify associations between level of community involvement and study process outcomes, focusing on procedures to promote enrollment and inclusion. Methods/Study Population: Using manifest content analysis, we analyzed community engagement (CEn) strategies of studies indexed in ClinicalTrials.gov, focusing on studies 1) associated with 20 medical schools located in 8 southern states in the Black Belt, 2) conducted in 2015–2019, and 3) on 7 topics: cancer, depression, anxiety, hypertension, substance use disorder, cardiovascular disease, and HIV/AIDS. Data source was the ClinicalTrials.gov entry and publication for each study. We categorized each study on level of community involvement as described by the study protocol CTSA Consortium Community Engagement Key Function Committee Task Force on the Principles of Community Engagement continuum. Outcomes included recruitment and representativeness. Other codes included funder type, study phase, study status, and time to enrollment. Results/Anticipated Results: Of 890 studies that met inclusion criteria, only 493 had published findings. 286 studies (58%) met enrollment targets. Only 9 studies described any level of CEn (1 outreach, 3 consult, 1 involvement, 3 collaboration, and 1 shared leadership). Time to enrollment for these 9 studies (mean 28.78 mos.) was shorter than for studies without CEn (mean 37.43 months) (n.s.). CEn studies reached significantly higher enrollment (CEn mean  = 2395.11, non-CEn mean  = 463.93), p Discussion/Significance of Impact: Results demonstrate the substantial effect of CEn on enrollment and inclusion in clinical studies. However, the infinitesimal number of studies that reported CEn did not allow comparisons of level of engagement on the outcomes. Findings highlight ethical questions surrounding the lack of publishing incomplete studies.

Objectives/Goals: As translational researchers, we seek to offer more treatments to more people, more quickly. Essential to this mission, we must demonstrate trustworthiness to establish trusted with those we seek to benefit. Research Jam uses a human-centered design (HCD) research approach to achieve this. Methods/Study Population: HCD is an iterative process that focuses on understanding people’s contexts while designing products and services collaboratively with the people who will interact with and be affected by the research. This generative approach helps participants express tacit and latent knowledge – emotions, needs, and desires that are often challenging to communicate verbally. We work with individuals who have lived experience relevant to the research being conducted and use HCD activities to help people share their thoughts, concerns, and ideas. These activities are highly interactive, promote collaboration, and explore topics with respect and sensitivity. Results/Anticipated Results: At Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, we use the AAMC’s principles of trustworthiness. These principles parallel the tenets of HCD research; thus, taking an HCD research approach naturally builds trust between the researcher and participants and offers tangible benefit to the research, the researcher, and those with lived experience who participate. We have ten years of work collaborating with 40 PIs and over 600 participants. Our experiences demonstrate that this approach can create an environment where participants feel comfortable as they share their thoughts, concerns, and ideas which influences the research that could affect their lives. Discussion/Significance of Impact: An HCD approach helps demonstrate a researcher’s trustworthiness with the population being served. This is essential to achieve a lasting impact by discovering the best solutions from the community’s perspective and identifying partners to help implement solutions.

Objectives/Goals: To evaluate disparities in diabetes outcomes between Hispanic/Latinx and non-Hispanic participants in a medically tailored meal intervention, assess effect modification by ethnicity/language, and explore cultural factors influencing intervention effectiveness for diverse T2DM populations. Methods/Study Population: This mixed-methods study, part of the Changing Health through Food Support for Diabetes RCT (n = 246), compares standard diabetes care to a 6-month medically tailored meal intervention for T2DM patients with food insecurity. It examines differences in intervention effectiveness among Latinx, Spanish-speaking participants and non-Latinx, English-speaking participants from San Francisco and Alameda counties. Quantitative measures include HbA1c, food security scores, and hospitalization rates. Qualitative interviews explore diabetes management, food access, and cultural factors. Baseline disparities are assessed using t-tests and chi-square analyses, while longitudinal changes are evaluated with mixed-effects models. Thematic analysis of qualitative data identifies emerging patterns. Results/Anticipated Results: We expect to find significant baseline disparities in glycemic control and food security between Latinx- and Spanish-speaking participants compared to their counterparts. The medically tailored meal intervention is anticipated to show differential effectiveness, with potentially smaller improvements among Latinx and Spanish-speaking groups. While we hypothesize that medically tailored meals will lead to improved glycemic control and reduced food insecurity across all groups, the magnitude of improvement may vary. Qualitative data are expected to reveal unique cultural and linguistic barriers contributing to these disparities, as well as insights into the acceptability and cultural appropriateness of the intervention. Discussion/Significance of Impact: This study will inform culturally tailored medically tailored meal interventions for Hispanic/Latinx- and Spanish-speaking populations, addressing disparities in diabetes outcomes and food security. Findings will shape “food is medicine” initiatives and policies to reduce chronic disease burden and health inequities in diverse communities.

Objectives/Goals: 1. Demonstrate the need to apply principles of community-engaged research to various stages of the research process. 2. Outline the process of using CE Studio(s) to redesign an interview guide for service providers of youth involved in the justice system. Methods/Study Population: Service-providers provide a critical lens with which to view the sexual health needs of justice-involved youth. Minimal research describes the unique perspectives of those who work directly with this vulnerable population to address their sexual health needs. The goal of this project is to outline the process of using CE Studio(s) to redesign an interview guide for service providers. The guide is aimed at gathering insight into the knowledge, access, and use of sexual health services for justice-involved youth. Preparation involves the preplanning phase, including the drafting of the interview guide; engagement consists of recruitment and implementation of the CE Studio; and restructuring will outline the application of feedback and finalization of the interview guide. Results/Anticipated Results: During the preparation phase, the researcher was tasked with (1) developing a visual guide to highlight key points of the research study and (2) providing a draft of the tentative interview guide for review prior to the CE Studio session. For the engagement stage, participants were recruited from listservs, community organizations, and word-of-mouth to participate in a session facilitated by a member of the CE Studio team. Lastly, we anticipate that the restructuring phase will not only allow us to use feedback from the CE Studio session to alter the interview guide but provide insight into potential recruitment strategies for the overarching research project. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Leveraging CE Studios to elicit feedback from service providers will provide unique insight into addressing the sexual health needs of justice-involved youth. We expect that the overall CE Studio process and feedback will be integral in eliciting strong qualitative feedback and shaping the implementation of the overall research project.

Objectives/Goals: Despite significant advancements, adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients with hematologic malignancies continue to have inferior improvement in survival over time compared to their younger and older peers. This project assesses which patient and neighborhood characteristics are associated with clinical trial enrollment in this population. Methods/Study Population: We will perform a retrospective study of individuals, aged 15–39, diagnosed and treated at Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta (CHOA) or Winship Cancer Institute for hematologic malignancies between 2011 and 2023. Our primary exposure variables will be race/ethnicity, the area deprivation index (ADI), and the index of concentration at the extremes (ICE). The primary study outcome will be enrollment in an open frontline therapeutic clinical trial (yes vs. no). Our analyses will estimate the crude and adjusted odds ratio of clinical trial enrollment according to race/ethnicity, ADI, and ICE; these analyses will be adjusted for co-variables of interest (e.g. patient primary language, and insurance provider). As a secondary analysis, we will further subdivide the patients by treatment location and by age tertiles. Results/Anticipated Results: Our study team completed preliminary work looking at institutional clinical trial enrollment in a pediatric-only (Discussion/Significance of Impact: We expect that this study conducted in a large, diverse AYA cohort will reveal key associations about likelihood of clinical trial enrollment. Once these associations are known, we can develop and test interventions –such as augmented social work involvement and assistance with transportation– to mitigate the effect of amenable risk factors.

Objectives/Goals: The growing burden of hypertension in the USA disproportionately impacts individuals with lower socioeconomic status and those in rural communities. This study aims to investigate specific social determinants of health associated with uncontrolled hypertension among rural, underserved patients residing in Alabama. Methods/Study Population: A retrospective review of electronic health records data from the UAB Selma Family Medicine clinic was conducted. The deidentified data were entered into the Population Health Assessment Engine (PHATE) to render social characteristics and community vital sign (CVS) scores, a social deprivation index, by census tracts. We provide descriptive statistics and compare the stated factors between patients with controlled and uncontrolled hypertension using logistic regression models. We are conducting phone surveys to gather individualized data on social determinants of health to assess the perceived social needs of patients with hypertension. The Protocol for Responding to & Assessing Patients’ Assets, Risks & Experience tool was used to develop the survey, and survey responses will be compared with the PHATE results. Results/Anticipated Results: Among 2129 patients, 375 (17.6%) had uncontrolled hypertension with a mean age of 58.7 ± 14.4 years. Women comprised 66.7% (250) and 65.1% (1142) of the uncontrolled and controlled hypertension populations, respectively. The prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension was 19.1% among Black patients and 8.2% in White patients. Patients with uncontrolled hypertension had a CVS of 82.37 ± 7.31 and 81.81 ± 8.40 patients with controlled hypertension. Patients with uncontrolled hypertension lived in areas where an average of 46 ± 11% were not employed, 36 ± 9% rented, and 28 ± 1% lived below the federal poverty line (FPL). Adjusting for age, race, and sex, a unit increase in the proportion of people below the FPL was associated with 43% higher odds of uncontrolled versus controlled hypertension (OR  =  1.43, 95% CI 0.44, 4.64). Discussion/Significance of Impact: Rural, underserved patients with hypertension experience multiple adverse social determinants, such as nonemployment rates, low income, and rental housing. Survey results will allow us to compare assessed and individualized social determinants that may be important to address when caring for this population.

Objectives/Goals: To guide UCSF in adopting a justice-based, patient-informed model of health data sharing that moves beyond traditional regulatory frameworks that focus on individual privacy and do not address public good and health equity; to create a roadmap for UCSF to implement transparent, community-engaged data governance that is both responsible and effective. Methods/Study Population: We conducted 24 hours of observation at outpatient clinics and 75 in-depth interviews with multiple stakeholder groups: patients, community advisors, and UCSF faculty and staff involved in managing and governing health and research-generated data. We used an ethnographic approach to investigate health data sharing policies and practices and explore perspectives on data governance. We were particularly interested in how data sharing is explained to patients, and what patients and community members know and think about how patient data may be used other than for clinical care. We explored faculty, staff, patient, and community member perspectives about the potential involvement of patients/communities in data governance. We also reviewed UCSF websites with information about data use and sharing policies. Results/Anticipated Results: Policy Awareness: Clear communication and improved guidelines for data use policies will enhance awareness among patients, the public, and researchers, boosting UCSF’s credibility as a data steward. Risks/Benefits: Data sharing drives scientific and clinical progress but raises concerns about privacy, profiteering, and unequal benefit distribution. Improving the Data Ecosystem: Safe data sharing and public benefit can be strengthened through centralized governance and better communication. Key growth areas include deidentification, external sharing criteria, and leakage prevention. Shared Governance: Patients and community advisors favor shared governance with public involvement, while UCSF informants were equivocal. All are concerned about equitable representation and technical training challenges. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Our recommendations to University leadership: Improve communication of data sharing policies to patients and the public. Involve patients and the public in data governance. Support investigators to ensure understanding and compliance with data use policies. Hold UCSF and collaborators accountable for transparency, equity, and public benefit.

Objectives/Goals: • To examine current barriers to research translation that collide with funder imperatives to share research results broadly. • To create community-driven guidance on broadening dissemination of research findings to communities to enhance health literacy and trustworthiness in the research process. Methods/Study Population: The Penn State Community Health Equity & Engagement in Research team, part of our Clinical and Translational Science Institute, completed six semi-structured focus groups in the Fall of 2023 (N = 46, including geographically diverse communities with and without research experience). Focus groups included presentation of evidence-based and novel approaches to lay results dissemination, including lay briefs and data walks, to elucidate experiences with and preferences for receiving research study results. Qualitative data were analyzed using MAXQDA software, with successful (>0.70) kappa coefficient achieved for interrater reliability. Codes and themes were developed inductively. Results/Anticipated Results: Focus group characteristics included N = 39 identifying as women, with a mean age of 56 years old and 10% identifying as Black/African American. Geographic breakdown included 49% rural, 44% suburban, and 7% urban. Thematic analyses demonstrated a perceived lack of trustworthiness and representation in the research process, with several cultural and geographic barriers to research accessibility and results dissemination. The majority of participants did not receive research results from prior studies and identified the importance of trusted community messengers to share findings broadly. Participants prefer receiving lay briefs, with health literate infographics, over published study manuscripts. Data walks featuring key findings presented by researchers within communities were highly desired. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Improving translation of study results in underrepresented communities is a catalyst for increasing engagement, demonstrating trustworthiness, and improving health literacy. The development of evidence-based lay dissemination methodologies can increase translation and bolster efforts to support informed, research-ready communities.

Objectives/Goals: Discovery Day aims to bring diverse and underrepresented groups of potential biomedical research participants into research spaces to increase transparency, knowledge of the research process, trust in research, and interest in STEM fields. Methods/Study Population: Discovery Days are one-day events held on Saturdays at a large hospital in the Midwest. Attendees are recruited through flyers, social media, and other media. Recruitment targets communities that are predominantly underrepresented in research, such as Black/African American and Hispanic/Latino. Events included lunch, presentations, interactive lab demonstrations, Q&A sessions, and a tour of the BioBank research facility. Families completed surveys assessing demographics, trust in research, understanding of research, and interest in STEM careers. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize findings. Results/Anticipated Results: At a Discovery Day held in May 2024, 58 individuals attended. Each family (N  =  30) completed a 15-item survey. Most (70%) participants identified with diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds, with the largest group identifying as Black/African American. Five diverse neighborhoods were represented, as expected for our recruitment strategy. Following Discovery Day, 73.3% of participants reported their trust in research increased, and 93.1% of participants indicated their understanding of research increased. 37.5% reported interest in learning about STEM jobs or internships, and 100% of participants would recommend Discovery Day to friends and family. Discussion/Significance of Impact: We hope that by increasing transparency and trust around the research process, community members that may benefit from research (e.g., genetic research on chronic diseases) may be more likely to participate. Additional findings and future goals for Discovery Day will be discussed.

Objectives/Goals: Despite the acknowledgment of post-Ebola syndrome (PES), young EVD survivors have received little attention. The mechanistic drivers and long-term consequences of PES and EVD early in life are unknown. We aim to define PES presentations in pediatric EVD survivors and propose potential mechanistic factors contributing to PES in young people. Methods/Study Population: Here we focus on physical health outcomes in an ongoing cohort study assessing mental and physical health in pediatric EVD survivors (age Results/Anticipated Results: 671 participants were enrolled between 2021 and 2022 (Infected: n = 226, Affected: n = 207, and Control: n = 238). Groups were similar in sex distribution (52.7%, 54.0%, and 53.8% female, respectively) and mean age, although the Infected group was slightly older (14.6 y) than the Affected (13.5 y) and Control groups (14.1 y), a difference unlikely to be clinically significant. Notably, the EVD Infected group exhibited a higher burden of symptoms, with significant findings in cardiac, MSK, ophthalmologic, and “ear, nose, and throat” systems. Principal component analysis showed differential patterns of sequelae across the groups, primarily defined by MSK. Discussion/Significance of Impact: PES is heterogeneous in pediatric EVD survivors. EVD Affected children exhibit a similar yet distinct pattern of clinical sequelae indicating ecological factors impact sequelae and raising questions about the mechanistic drivers of PES in children. Potential mechanisms include inflammation or accelerated aging and immune dysfunction.

Objectives/Goals: The NIH Common Fund launched Community Partnerships to Advance Science for Society (ComPASS) to study ways to reduce health disparities by addressing underlying structural factors within communities. ComPASS was designed for community organizations to lead research that addresses community needs. Methods/Study Population: ComPASS awarded five health equity research hubs (Hubs) to provide specialized technical support to ComPASS research projects led by community organizations. Expertise provided by the Hubs to the community-led projects will focus on specific facets of community health, including nutrition access, health care access, and built environment. The Hubs support community-led piloting and testing of structural interventions within community settings by providing subject matter expertise in areas including structural and multilevel intervention study design and methods, implementation science, and community engagement. Results/Anticipated Results: The Hubs will provide expertise and support to the community-led research projects around one or more social determinants of health domains: health care access and quality, education access and quality, economic stability, social and community context, and neighborhood and built environment. The Hubs will help identify strategies for measuring health outcomes and assessing the effects of structural and contextual factors on intervention outcomes. We anticipate the ComPASS program will lead to a better understanding of how structural interventions that leverage multi-sectoral partnerships can advance health equity. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Through community-led research, ComPASS projects are implementing structural interventions to address social determinants and advance health equity. The technical scientific support rooted in health equity provided by the Hubs is essential to the success of these research projects.

Objectives/Goals: Research participants are not representative of our communities. To determine research perceptions, we are recruiting individuals who have and have not participated in studies. We aim to identify trends, capturing motivating factors, access barriers, and participants’ concerns to inform best practices to engage participants. Methods/Study Population: We developed a 25-item survey with a goal of engaging 500 individuals. Survey questions were developed based on published literature of research motivations and barriers, as well as focus groups conducted in our central Pennsylvania community. Survey questions consist of Likert-scale, multiple choice, and free text, with administration through REDCap. Potential survey participants will be recruited from the Penn State Volunteer Repository and through partnering clinical networks, including federally qualified health centers. We will also recruit individuals who have never participated in research to engage underrepresented groups via the Penn State Clinical and Translational Science Institute’s community partner network. Analyses will include Chi-squared tests and binomial logistic regression. Results/Anticipated Results: The primary dependent variable will be past participation in research, while the primary independent variables will be binary responses to questions relating to motivators and barriers to participation in research. Secondary analysis will stratify these comparisons by race or rurality with a subgroup analysis using the same methods as the primary analysis. Based on these analyses, we anticipate that those who have never participated in research will face greater and different barriers than those who have participated in research. We also anticipate that motivators will be similar between to the two groups. We anticipate finding differences in motivators and barriers among different races as well as differences when examining rurality versus non-rurality. Survey results will be available in January. Discussion/Significance of Impact: This will be one of the few studies in the literature focused on uncovering motivators and barriers to research participation. Understanding what motivates and prevents individuals from participating in research is one of the first steps to enhancing the research process so that people want, and are able, to participate in studies.

Objectives/Goals: Youth-onset diabetes and its risk factors are increasing in ethnic and racial minority communities. Our mixed-methods study aimed to explore the associations between participation in a community youth sports program and key diabetes risk factors in youth, including mental health, physical activity, nutrition, and weight status. Methods/Study Population: We used a single cohort, mixed-methods design focused on the Community Leadership Revolution (CLR) Academy, a local youth sports program. Participants, ethnic and racial minority youth ages 5–14, were recruited to assess their mental health, physical activity, and nutrition using validated and reliable questionnaires. Weight status was measured via bioelectrical impedance. Group interviews with youth and individual interviews with staff provided context for the quantitative results. A thematic analysis of the qualitative data will further explore how CLR Academy may impact diabetes risk factors. Results/Anticipated Results: We recruited 24 CLR participants (16 boys/8 girls) and 4 CLR staff (3 males/1 female). Sixteen youth identified as African-American, while the rest identified as multiracial. Correlations revealed that higher attendance at CLR Academy was negatively associated with mental health scores, specifically total, externalizing, and hyperactive scores (all p < 0.01). Higher CLR attendance was negatively associated with physical activity during spare time (p < 0.05), waist circumference (p< 0.05), and waist-to-height ratio (p < 0.01). Being a girl was associated with lower diet quality and physical activity (both p < 0.05). Qualitative data highlighted life skills and supportive relationships in CLR as key factors in improving health outcomes. Thematic analysis is ongoing to clarify these relationships. Discussion/Significance of Impact: This study highlights how participation in programs like CLR Academy may improve ethnic and racial minority youth diabetes risk factors. Staff and participant insights on mechanisms driving these health improvements may offer strategies that can be applied to similar programs focused on reducing marginalized youth’s diabetes risk.

Objectives/Goals: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in adolescents is rising, presenting unique challenges for recruitment in clinical research – particularly among adolescents who belong to minoritized race/ethnic backgrounds. The primary aims of our study are to identify and address barriers to recruiting adolescents, particularly around community trust. Methods/Study Population: This study employed a two-phase approach to evaluate recruitment strategies for underrepresented adolescent populations in genomics studies of T2D. After IRB approval, in Phase 1, we utilized the electronic medical record (EMR) system at Children’s of Alabama to prescreen based on inclusion criteria (adolescents aged 12–18 years with T2D). Recruitment efforts were tailored to address barriers unique to underrepresented populations, such as flexibility in scheduling contact times to accommodate family availability. In Phase 2, we are implementing and assessing the effectiveness of a peer recruitment model, wherein adolescents from underrepresented groups are trained to engage peers within their community. Focus groups (6–8 participants per group) will explore facilitators and barriers to recruitment. Results/Anticipated Results: Phase 1 revealed that EMR prescreening effectively identified eligible participants, and direct outreach (phone calls, face-to-face contact during clinical visits) significantly improved recruitment success, especially among underrepresented adolescents. Flexible scheduling and consolidating study appointments enhanced participation, addressing logistical challenges like geographic distance. However, frequent changes in contact information (phone and email information) created barriers. In Phase 2, early focus group results suggest that peer recruitment is promising, with trust and community engagement being key factors. Adolescents recruited by peers were more likely to participate, though logistical hurdles such as transportation and family concerns remain. Discussion/Significance of Impact: Our study demonstrates the value of personalized outreach and prescreening in improving recruitment among adolescents. These strategies can engage communities that include Black, Indigenous, and People of Colored. These findings underscore the need for flexible recruitment strategies to ensure their participation in T2D adolescent research.