Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T16:30:23.510Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

CITTADINANZA DIFFERENZIATA E INTEGRAZIONE MULTICULTURALE

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 July 2018

Matteo Gianni

Introduzione

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Dopo un lungo periodo di disinteresse, i teorici della politica ricominciano a considerare seriamente il ruolo che le minoranze culturali esercitano sul funzionamento e la legittimità normativa dei sistemi democratici. Le società liberali sono caratterizzate da tensioni politiche e sociali profonde, che rischiano di paralizzarne il funzionamento e di rimetterne in causa la stabilità. Come afferma un eminente filosofo liberale «dar risposta a tali questioni costituisce probabilmente la sfida più grande che oggi le democrazie si trovano a fronteggiare» (Kymlicka 1995b, 1). Se tutti concordano sull'idea che il problema è serio, le soluzioni proposte sono molto diverse. Ciò non deve sorprendere visto che i rimedi avanzati dipendono in larga misura dalla maniera in cui il problema da risolvere viene interpretato e costruito analiticamente.

Summary

Summary

One of the most controversial question liberal democracies are facing today concerns the way they politically integrate groups (ethnic, national, or social) which claim the political recognition of their cultural identity. According to the liberal model, the attribution of individual citizenship's rights is the best way to realize political integration. In opposition to this view, this paper argues that the notion of differentiated citinzenship can open up some interesting insights for approaching and resolving this problem. Multicultural societies face deep conflicts of recognition between actors advocating different (and often conflictual) loyalties. These dynamics call into question the liberal ideal of citizenship as the neutral attribution of a common and legal status. In this perspective, the recognition of formal equality of all citizens is the mean to promote self-respect and self-esteem among all citizens. This view is partially misleading. In some cases, it is not through the reaffirmation of equal recognition that it is possible to reintegrate marginalized cultural groups. Sometimes, political recognition (namely some forms of cultural rights) of differences among citizens represents an important step to improve the self respect of members of such groups. Respect and self-respect are crucial preconditions to realize a fair citizenship. And only a fair citizenship can support a genuine and legitimate representative democracy in culturally divided societies.

Type
Saggi
Information
Italian Political Science Review / Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica , Volume 27 , Issue 3 , December 1997 , pp. 495 - 518
Copyright
Copyright © Societ Italiana di Scienza Politica 

References

Riferimenti bibliografici

Barber, B. (1995), Blood Brothers, Consumers or Citizens? Three Models of Identity-Ethnic, Commercial and Civic, testo della conferenza presentata al Centre d'études ethniques, Montreal.Google Scholar
Beiner, R. (a cura di) (1995), Theorizing Citizenship, Albany, State University New York Press.Google Scholar
Carens, J. (1995), Aliens and Citizens: The Case for Open Borders, in Beiner (1995), pp. 229–253.Google Scholar
Connolly, W. (1991), Identity/Difference. Democratic Negotiations of Political Paradox, Ithaca, Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Dahrendorf, R. (1974), Citizenship and Beyond: The Social Dynamics of an Idea, in «Social Research», vol. 41, pp. 673–701.Google Scholar
Esman, M. (1994), Ethnic Politics, Ithaca, Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Fanon, F. (1961), Les damnés de la terre, Paris, F. Maspero.Google Scholar
Ferry, J.M. (1991), Les puissances de l'expérience. Tome 2, Paris, Cerf.Google Scholar
Galeotti, A.E. (1994), La tolleranza. Una proposta pluralista, Napoli, Liguori Editore.Google Scholar
Gellner, E. (1989), Nations et nationalisme, Paris, Payot.Google Scholar
Gianni, M. (1995), Multiculturalisme et Démocratie: quelques implications pour la théorie de la citoyenneté, in «Revue Suisse de Science Politique», vol. I, pp. 3–39.Google Scholar
Gitlin, T. (1995), The Twilight of Common Dreams, New York, Metropolitan Books.Google Scholar
Gutmann, A. (1993), Introduzione, in Taylor (1993), pp. 11–39.Google Scholar
Honig, N. (1994), Difference, Dilemmas, and the Politics of Home, in «Social Research», vol. 61, pp. 563–597.Google Scholar
Kymlicka, W. (1995a), Multicultural Citizenship, Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Sartori, G. (a cura di) (1995b), The Rights of Minority Cultures, Oxford, Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lukes, S. (1995), Toleration and the Realities of Symbolic Politics, relazione presentata al colloquio «On Toleration» dell'UNESCO, Siena, aprile.Google Scholar
Marshall, T.H. (1976), Cittadinanza e classe sociale, Torino, UTET.Google Scholar
Miller, D. (1993), In Defense of Nationality, in «Journal of Applied Philosophy», vol. 10, pp. 3–16.Google Scholar
Miller, S.M. (1993), The politics of Respect, in «Social Policy», vol. 23, pp. 44–51.Google Scholar
Mouffe, C. (1994), Le politique et ses enjeux, Paris, La Découverte. Phillips, A. (1993), Democracy and Difference, Cambridge, Polity Press.Google Scholar
Pizzorno, A. (1993), Le radici della politica assoluta, Milano, Feltrinelli.Google Scholar
Rawls, J. (1993), Political Liberalism, New York, Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Raz, J. (1994), Multiculturalism, in «Dissent», winter, pp. 67–79.Google Scholar
Roman, J. (1995), Un multiculturalisme à la française?, in «Esprit», 212, pp. 145–160.Google Scholar
Scruton, R. (1990), In Defense of the Nation, in R. Scruton, The Philospher on Dover Beach, Manchester, Carcanet, pp. 299–337.Google Scholar
Steele, S. (1990), The Content of our Character, New York, St. Martin's Press.Google Scholar
Taylor, C. (a cura di) (1993), Multiculturalismo. La politica del riconoscimento, Milano, Anabasi.Google Scholar
Van Gunsteren, H. (1988), Admission to Citizenship, in «Ethics», 98, pp. 731–741.Google Scholar
Walzer, M. (1987), Sfere di giustizia, Milano, Feltrinelli.Google Scholar
Walzer, M. (1992), Che cosa significa essere americani, Venezia, Marsilio.Google Scholar
Young, I.M. (1990), Justice and the Politics of Difference, Princeton, Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Zincone, G. (1992), Da sudditi a cittadini, Bologna, Il Mulino.Google Scholar
Walzer, M. (1994), Uno schermo contro il razzismo, Roma, Donzelli.Google Scholar
Zolo, D. (1992), Il principato democratico, Milano, Feltrinelli.Google Scholar