¹ Treaty establishing the European Coal and Steel Community (hereinafter cited: ECSC Treaty), Arts. 7 and 20; Treaty establishing the European Economic Community (hereinafter cited: EEC Treaty), Arts. 4 and 137; Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community (hereinafter cited: Euratom Treaty), Arts. 3 and 107. The English translation of the ECSC Treaty was published by the High Authority, the translations of the EEC and Euratom Treaties by the Secretariat of the Interim Committee for the Common Market and Euratom, Brussels.

Cf. also, Communauté Européenne du Charbon et de l'acier, L'assemblée Parlementaire dans l'europe des Six, Wigny, P., rapporteur (hereinafter cited as Wigny II), 1958, p. 16–17.Google Scholar

² Lindsay, , Towards A European Parliament, Strasbourg, 1958, Chap. 3.Google Scholar

³ Convention relating to certain Institutions common to the European Communities (attached to the EEC and Euratom Treaties), Arts. 1–2.

It is interesting to note that the strong stand taken by two other European Assemblies, the Assembly of the Western European Union and the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe, was at least one of the factors which induced the French government to abandon its opposition to a common assembly for all three European Communities. France, Conseil de la République, Session ordinaire de 1956–1957, Annexe au procès-verbal de la l^re Séance du 12 juillet 1957, No. 873, Rapport fait au nom de la Commission des affaires étrangères sur le projet de loi … autorisant le Président de la République à ratifier: 1° le Traité instituant la Communauté économique européenne … par MM. Carcassonne et Biatarana, Sénateurs, p. 20 et seq.Google Scholar

⁴ Art. 21(1), ECSC Treaty; Art. 138(1), EEC Treaty; Art. 108(1), Euratom Treaty.

⁵ Art. 34, Rules of Procedure, Journal Officiel des Communautés Européennes (hereinafter cited as Journal Officiel), July 26, 1958, p. 217/58–233/58 at 228/58.Google Scholar

⁶ There are seventeen members in the smaller of the thirteen standing committees. Resolution of March 20, 1958, Journal Officiel, April 20, 1958, p. 4/58.Google Scholar

⁷ Assemblée Parlementaire Européenne, Rapport fait au nom de la Commission du Règlement, des questions juridiques, des pétitions et des immunités sur le Règlement de l'assemblée Parlementaire Européenne par Kauvenbergh, A. van, Rapporteur, , Doc. No. 17, June 1958 (hereinafter cited as Kauvenbergh Report), par. II, p. 12Google Scholar; cf. also, Assemblée Parlementaire Européenne, Compte Rendu Sténographique provisoire, June 1958 (hereinafter cited: CRE), 7, p. 5–6.Google Scholar

⁸ Wigny, II, footnote 1 supra, p. 24.Google Scholar

⁹ Decision of June 16, 1953, Wigny, II, footnote 1 supra, p. 25.Google Scholar

¹⁰ Cf. Haas, Ernst B., The Uniting of Europe, Stanford, Stanford University Press, 1958, p. 411.Google Scholar

¹¹ Art. 21, ECSC Treaty, as modified by Art. 2(2) of the Convention relating to certain Institutions common to the European Communities; Art. 138(2), EEC Treaty; Art. 108(2), Euratom Treaty.

¹² Belgium, Chambre des Représentants, Rapport fait au nom de la Commission Spéciale, 727 (1956–1957), No. 2, p. 23–25Google Scholar; Catalano, , La Comunità Economica Europea e l'euratom, Milan, 1957, p. 20.Google Scholar

¹³ Germany, Deutscher Bundestag, 2. Wahlperiode 1953, Drucksache 3440, Anlage C, Erläuterungen zu den Verträgen zur Gründung der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft und der Europäischen Atomgemeinschaft (Germany 1957), p. 142.Google Scholar

¹⁴ Journal Officiel, February 9, 1959, p. 172/59–174/59.Google Scholar

¹⁵ For the composition and election of the Bureau, see Arts. 5–6, Rules of Procedure, Journal Officiel, July 26, 1958, p. 219/58.Google Scholar

¹⁶ Wigny, II, footnote 1 supra, p. 25.Google Scholar

¹⁷ The Committee which drafted the Rules of Procedure for the new Assembly recognized this custom but decided not to formalize it in the Rules, preferring to leave the matter for decision by the Bureau itself. Kauvenbergh Report, footnote 7 supra, p. 7Google Scholar; cf. also Kauvenbergh, van in CRE, footnote 7 supra, 7, p. 6.Google Scholar

¹⁸ This committee is composed of the President of the Assembly who is its chairman, the Vice-Presidents, the presidents of the standing committees, and the presidents of the political groups. The practice which developed in the Common Assembly was codified in the Rules of the new Assembly: Art. 11, Rules of Procedure, Journal Officiel, July 26, 1958, 221/58.Google Scholar

¹⁹ Haas, , op. cit., footnote 10 supra, p. 410.Google ScholarThe following table shows the presidencies and vice-presidencies of the standing committees of the January 1959 session. Cf. Journal Officiel, February 9, 1959, P. 174/59–179/59.Google Scholar

²⁰ Cf. Bundesrat, , Niederschrift über die Sitzung des Sonderausschusses “Gemeinsamer Markt und Euratom” vom 24. 04, 1957, p. 65–68Google Scholar; Bundesrat, , Anlage zu dem Schreiben des Präsidenten des Bundesrates an den Bundeskanzler, vom 3. Mai 1957Google Scholar, BR-Drucksache Nr. 146/57; Bundesrat, , Sitzungsbericht, No. 181, July 19, 1957, p. 744Google Scholar; Gesetz zu den Verträgen vom 25. März 1957 zur Gründung der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft und der Europäischen Atomgemeinschaft, Bundesgesetzblatt, 1957, II, p. 753.Google Scholar

²¹ Haas, , op. cit., footnote 10 supra, p. 436.Google Scholar

²² Reuter, , “Les institutions de la Communauté à l'épreuve, ” 17 Droit Social 1954, 518–523, at p. 522.Google Scholar

²³ Assemblée Commune, Rapport fait au nom de la Commission des Affaires politiques et des relations extérieures de la Communauté sur les pouvoirs de contrôle de l'assemblée Commune et leur exercise, par Teitgen, M., Doc. No. 5, November 1954 (hereinafter cited as Teitgen Report).Google Scholar

²⁴ Débats de l'assemblée Commune, Compte Rendu in extenso, January 1955 (No. 7), p. 143. Author's translation.Google Scholar

²⁵ Débats de l'assemblée Commune, Compte Rendu in extenso, April 1957 (No. 16), p. 207–214.Google ScholarSee also the speech by Maurice-Bokanowski, M. Michel, CRE, footnote 7 supra, 9, p. 125–133.Google Scholar

²⁶ Ambassade de France, Service de Presse et d'information, Speeches and Press Conferences No. 124 B (European Affairs), January 15, 1959.Google Scholar

²⁷ Haas, , op. cit., footnote 10 supra, p. 410, 412.Google Scholar

²⁸ Haas, , op. cit., footnote 10 supra, Chap. 11. p. 390–450.Google Scholar

²⁹ Cf. De Visscher, , “La Communauté Européenne du Charbon et de l'acier et des Etats membres,” Actes Officiels du Congrès International d'Études sur la Cammunauté Européenne du Charbon et de l'acier, Milan, 1957. II, p. 7–85, at p. 9–35Google Scholar; Wengler, “Die völkerrechtliche Stellung der Montanunion gegenüber dritten Staaten und Staatenverbänden,” ibid., III, p. 7–67, at 9–14.

³⁰ Assemblée Commune, Rapport sur l'organisation à donner à l'assemblée Commune pour rendre plus efficace son action dans le cadre des dispositions actuelles du Traité, présenté par M. Poher, Rapporteur, Doc. No. 2, November 1955 (hereinafter cited as Poher Report), par. 13, p. 15.Google Scholar

³¹ Lyon, , L'assemblée Commune de la C.E.C.A., 1957, p. 11; Wigny II, footnote 1 supra, p. 28.Google Scholar

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³³ Art. 20, ECSC Treaty.

³⁴ Art. 137, EEC Treaty; Art. 107, Euratom Treaty.

³⁵ Art. 24, ECSC Treaty; Art. 143, EEC Treaty; Art. 113, Euratom Treaty.

³⁶ Art. 23, par. 3, ECSC Treaty; Art. 140, par. 3, EEC Treaty; Art. 110, par. 3, Euratom Treaty.

³⁷ Art. 24, par. 2, ECSC Treaty; Art. 144, par. 1, EEC Treaty; Art. 114, par. 1, Euratom Treaty.

³⁸ Cf. Wigny, II, footnote 1 supra, Annex III, p. 1099–110; Soulé, “Comparaison entre les dispositions institutionelles du Traité C.E.C.A. et du Traité C.E.E.,” Revue du Marché Commun, April 1958, 95 at p. 102Google Scholar; Errera, Symon, Van der Meulen, Vernaeve, EURATOM, Analyse et Commentaires du Traité, Brussels, 1958, p. 199.Google Scholar

³⁹ Art. 95, ECSC Treaty; Art. 235 and 236, par. 2, EEC Treaty; An. 203 and 204, par. 2, Euratom Treaty.

⁴⁰ Art. 42 of the Rules of Procedure,Journal Officiel, July 26, 1958, 231/58; Kauvenbergh Report, footnote 7 supra, p, 29.Google Scholar

⁴¹ Art. 49, ECSC Treaty.

⁴² Art. 78, ECSC Treaty; Rossignol, “Les finances de la C.E.C.A. et le développement financier des institutions européennes,” 70 Revue du Droit Public et de la Science Politique en France et à l'Étranger, 1954, p. 986–3023, at p. 991, 994, 995.Google Scholar

⁴³ See generally, Institut des Relations Internationales, La Communauté Européenne du Charbon et de l'acier, Brussels, 1953, Chap. 2.Google Scholar

⁴⁴ Marjolin, , “Coopération intergouvernementale et autorités supranationales,” Revue Économique, 03 1958, p. 267–277 at p. 272.Google Scholar

The only functions exercised by the Assembly with regard to the Special Council are to convene in extra-ordinary session when called by the Council in order to give its opinion on such questions as the Council may put to it and to hear members of the Council at their request. Arts. 22, par. 2, and 23, par. 4, ECSC Treaty, respectively.

⁴⁵ Kauvenbergh Report, footnote 7 supra, par. 22, p. 23.Google Scholar

⁴⁶ For a complete list of the instances in which the Council may act alone without consulting the other institutions, see France, Assemblée Nationale, Troisième Legislature, Session Ordinaire 1956–1957, No. 5266, Rapport fait au nom de la Commission des Affaires Étrangères sur le projet de Loi (No. 4676) autorisant le Président de la République à ratifier: 1° le Traité instituant la Communauté économique européenne … par MM. Savary et July, députés, Annex A, p. 172–173.Google Scholar

⁴⁷ Errera, , Symon, , Meulen, Van der, Vernaeve, , EURATOM, Analyse et Commentaires du Traité, Brussels, 1958, p. 214–216.Google Scholar

⁴⁸ Art. 203(4) and (5), EEC Treaty; Art. 177(4) and (5), Euratom Treaty.

⁴⁹ For lists of instances where a proposal or some other action by the Commissions, such as a “request”, is needed before the Councils may act, see France, Assemblée Nationale, Rapport, footnote 46 supra, Annex B, p. 174–176Google Scholar, and for Euratom, Errera, , Symon, , Meulen, Van der, Vernaeve, , op. cit., footnote 47 supra, p. 210–214.Google Scholar

⁵⁰ Art. 149, par. 1, EEC Treaty; Art. 119, par. 1, Euratom Treaty.

⁵¹ Wigny, II, footnote 1 supra, p. 70.Google Scholar

⁵² See footnote 38 supra.

⁵³ Press Bulletin Europe, No. 284, item 1381, December 5, 1958.Google Scholar

⁵⁴ See Speech by Rep. Santero in CRE, footnote 7 supra, 8, p. 18.Google Scholar

⁵⁵ Belgium, Sénat, Annales Parlementaires, Séance du Mercredi, November 27, 1957, p. 137Google Scholar. The problem of coordinating the work in the European Assemblies and the national parliaments was also mentioned by Lindsay, Towards a European Parliament, Strasbourg, 1958, p. 31, 32, 81, with respect to the Council of Europe.Google Scholar

⁵⁶ See Resolution of December 2, 1954. 3 Journal Officiel de la Communauté Européenne du Charbon et de l'acier, December 11, 1954 (No. 22), p. 532–533Google Scholar; cf. Lyon, , op. cit. footnote 31 supra, p. 49.Google Scholar

⁵⁷ Teitgen Report, footnote 23 supra, par. 6, p. 11. Author's translation.Google Scholar

⁵⁸ See speech by High Authority President Monnet in Débats de l'assemblée Commune, Compte Rendu in extenso, September 11, 1952 (No. 1), p. 18Google Scholar; Wigny, II, footnote 1 supra, p. 12–13Google Scholar; cf. also the Assembly's resolution on the first report of the High Authority in 2 Journal Officiel de la Communauté Européenne du Charbon et de l'acier, July 21, 1953 (No. 10), p. 156–157.Google Scholar

⁵⁹ See excerpts of the speech by High Authority President Monnet of June 23, 1953, in Wigny, II, footnote 1 supra, p. 37.Google Scholar

⁶⁰ Communauté Européenne du Charbon et de l'acier, Un témoignage sur la Communauté des Six, Wigny, P., rapporteur (hereinafter cited as Wigny I), 1957, p. 48–49Google Scholar; Wigny, II, footnote 1 supra, p. 38.Google Scholar

⁶¹ Lyon, , op. cit., footnote 31 supra, p. 41.Google Scholar

⁶² Wigny, II, footnote 1 supra, p. 34Google Scholar; see speech by the third President of the High Authority and the introduction thereto by the President of the Assembly, Débats de l'assemblée Commune, Compte Rendu in extenso, March 1958 (No. 35), p. 240–245Google Scholar; speech by the President of the EEC Commission before the Assembly, March 20, 1958, separate publication by the Publications Department of the European Communities, 2033/5/58/5Google Scholar, and the speech by the President of the Euratom Commission of June 23, 1958, publication 2058/5/58/6.Google Scholar

⁶³ Lyon, , op. cit., footnote 31 supra, p. 49.Google Scholar

⁶⁴ ibid., p. 45; cf. Art. 47 ECSC Treaty; cf. Assemblée Parlementaire Européenne, L'application du Traité instituant la C.E.C.A. au cours de la période transitoire, Luxembourg, April 1958, p. 269Google Scholar; Assemblée Commune, Révision du Traité instituant la Communauté Européenne du Charbon et de l'acier, Doc. No. 17, February 1958 (Kreyssig Report), par. 45, p. 21.Google Scholar

⁶⁵ Lyon, , op. cit., footnote 31 supra, p. 44.Google ScholarThe Assembly's demand expressed in Point II(A) of its resolution of December 2, 1954, 3 Journal Officiel de la Communauté Européenne du Charbon er de l'acier, December 11, 1954 (No. 22), p. 532Google Scholar, to have its observers admitted to certain sessions of the Consultative Committee was apparently ignored.

⁶⁶ Art. 23, ECSC Treaty; Art. 140, EEC Treaty; Art. 110, Euratom Treaty.

⁶⁷ Art. 38(2), Rules of Procedure, Journal Officiel, July 26, 1958, p. 229/58; cf. also Kauvenbergh Report, footnote 7 supra, par. 13. p. 13–14.Google Scholar

⁶⁸ Art. 29(4), Rules of Procedure, Journal Officiel, July 26, 1958, p. 226/58.Google Scholar

⁶⁹ Art. 23, ECSC Treaty; Art. 140, EEC Treaty; Art. 110, Euratom Treaty.

⁷⁰ Arts. 23 and 26, Rules of Procedure, Journal Officiel, July 26, 1958, p. 224/58, 225/58.Google Scholar

⁷¹ Art. 26, Rules of Procedure, Journal Officiel, July 26, 1958, p. 225/58Google Scholar; Kauvenbergh Report, footnote 7 supra, par. 22, p. 23 at p. 24.Google Scholar

⁷² Cf. Resolution of January 15, 1959, Journal Officiel, February 9, 1959, p. 167/59–169/59.Google Scholar

⁷³ Resolution of January 13, 1959, Journal officiel, February 9, 1959, p. 159/59.Google Scholar

⁷⁴ Poher Report, footnote 30 supra, par. 31, p. 26.Google Scholar

⁷⁵ ibid., par. 13, p. 14–15.

⁷⁶ Art. 140, EEC Treaty; Art. 110, Euratom Treaty. Does a member of the Council have the right to be heard “at any time”? The German version of Art. 29(4) of the Rules of Procedure includes the word “jederzeit” while the French version only states “sur leur demande”. Cf. CRE, footnote 7 supra, 7, p. 42–45Google Scholar. The additional German word being superfluous, members of the Council may speak “upon demand” which is tantamount to “at any time”. Kauvenbergh, ibid., p. 42.

⁷⁷ Communauté Européenne du Charbon et de l'acier, Règlement de l'assemblée Commune, edition of March 1956, Art. 38(2); Art. 38(2)Google Scholar, Rules of Procedure, Journal Officiel, July 26, 1958, p. 229/58Google Scholar; Lyon, , op. cit., footnote 31 supra, p. 51.Google Scholar

⁷⁸ Lyon, , op. cit., footnote 31 supra, p. 52Google Scholar; Wigny, I, footnote 60 supra, p. 41.Google Scholar

⁷⁹ See Point III of the Resolution of December 2, 1954, 3 Journal Officiel de la Communauté Européenne du Charbon et de l'acier, December 11, 1954 (No. 22), p. 532Google Scholar; Lyon, , op. cit., footnote 31 supra, p. 52.Google Scholar

⁸⁰ Lyon, , op. cit., footnote 31 supra, p. 52.Google Scholar

⁸¹ Wigny, I, footnote 60 supra, p. 41.Google Scholar

⁸² Débats de l'assemblée Commune, Compte Rendu in extenso, October 1956 (No. 13), p. 578–579Google Scholar; see also, Assemblée Commune, Rapport fait au nom de la Commission du Marché Commun sur la coopération de la Haute Autorité et des Gouvernements des Etats membres d'après de quatrième Rapport général sur l'activité de la Communauté, Doc. No. 20, June 1956Google Scholar, par Sabass, M., rapporteur, par. 5, p. 12–13Google Scholar; cf. Wigny, I, footnote 60 supra, p. 41–42.Google Scholar

⁸³ Statement by Minister Rey, , session of November 8, 1957, reproduced in Wigny II, footnote 1 supra, p. 36.Google Scholar

⁸⁴ Speech by Duvieusart, M., Assemblée Parlementaire Européenne, Débats, Compte Rendu in extenso, 1959 (No. 2)Google Scholar, édition provisoire, January 9, 1959, p. 58–59. Author's translation.Google Scholar

⁸⁵ Art. 26, Rules of Procedure, Journal Officiel, July 26, 1958, p. 225/58.Google ScholarThere was a similar provision in Art. 26 of the Rules of Procedure of the Common Assembly, op. cit., footnote 77 supra. Cf. Lyon, , op. cit., footnote 31 supra, p. 52.Google Scholar

⁸⁶ Decision of May 12, 1955, Kauvenbergh Report, footnote 7 supra, par. 23, p. 29. In the Common Assembly, resolutions addressed to the Council in a sense provided a substitute procedure.Google Scholar

⁸⁷ Kauvenbergh Report, footnote 7 supra, par. 22, p. 27–28; speech by MrKauvenbergh, van., CRE, footnote 7 supra, 7, p. 12.Google Scholar

⁸⁸ ibid.

⁸⁹ Arts. 25 and 41, Rules of Procedure, Journal Officiel, July 26, 1958, p. 225/58 and 230/58–231/58.Google Scholar

⁹⁰ CRE, footnote 7 supra, 7, p. 20. Author's translation.Google Scholar

⁹¹ Art. 41(4), Rules of Procedure, Journal Officiel, July 26, 1958, p. 231/58.Google Scholar

⁹² Cf. Journal Officiel, December 6, 1958, p. 529/58Google Scholar; Journal Officiel, February 26, 1959, p. 258/59–259/59.Google Scholar

⁹³ Minister Rey, in Débats de l'assemblée Commune, Compte Rendu in extenso, October 1956 (No. 13), p. 401–404Google Scholar; Wigny, I, footnote 60 supra, p. 41.Google Scholar

⁹⁴ Kauvenbergh Report, footnote 7 supra, par. 22, p. 24.Google Scholar

⁹⁵ Speech by President Hallstein, , CRE, footnote 7 supra, 7, p. 21–23Google Scholar. Art. 23, Rules of Procedure, Journal Officiel, July 26, 1958, p. 224/58.Google Scholar

⁹⁶ See Press Bulletin Europe, No. 288, item 1424, December 10, 1958Google Scholar; No. 289, item 1431, December 11, 1958Google Scholar. See the Assembly's answer to the consultation by the Council in Journal Officiel, January 5, 1959, P. 13/59.Google Scholar

⁹⁷ Press Bulletin Europe, No. 298, item 1490(1), December 22, 1958.Google Scholar

⁹⁸ Pleven, M., French liberal and President of the Liberal group in the Assembly, joined in this criticism. CRE, footnote 7 supra, 6, p. 213.Google Scholar

⁹⁹ For the Resolution adopting the voting procedure, see Journal Officiel, July 26, 1958, p. 210/58–211/58Google Scholar; for the voting on the amendments to the resolution, see ibid., p. 209/58–210/58; the result of the second and final ballot was quite inconclusive with Brussels leading with 170 points, followed by Strasbourg (161 points), Milan (155), Nice (153), and Luxembourg (99). The first three choices were to be communicated to the Council. ibid., p. 234/58. In its January 1959 session, the Assembly again urged the member governments to reach a decision on the question of the seat of the institutions. Resolution of January 15, 1959, Journal Officiel, February 9, 1959, p. 162/59.Google Scholar

¹⁰⁰ Wigny I, footnote 60 supra, p. 38Google Scholar; the Assembly also asserted a jus commundicandi, a right to have relations with international institutions such as the International Labor Organization, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, the Organization for European Economic Cooperation, and the Assembly of the Brussels Treaty Organization. Teitgen Report, footnote 23 supra, par. 11(b), p. 14.Google Scholar

¹⁰¹ Art. 101, Euratom Treaty. Cf., however, Art. 206, Euratom Treaty and Art. 238, EEC Treaty.

¹⁰² CRE, footnote 7 supra, 7, p. 78.Google Scholar

¹⁰³ ibid., p. 77, 80.

¹⁰⁴ Cf. Art. 173, EEC Treaty; Art. 146, Euratom Treaty.

¹⁰⁵ Art. 4 of the UN Charter; Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice, I.C.J. Reports 1950, p. 4–34.Google Scholar

¹⁰⁶ Catalano, , La Comunità Economica Europea e l'euratom, Milan, 1958, p. 22Google Scholar. Author's translation. Cf. Soulé, “Comparaison entre les dispositions institutionelles du Traité C.E.C.A. et du Traité C.E.E.,” Revue du Marché Commun, April 1958, p. 95 at p. 101.Google Scholar

¹⁰⁷ Wigny, I, footnote 60 supra, p. 115Google Scholar. Little progress has been made toward putting into effect the concrete suggestions for collaborations between the Council and the Assembly offered in the interesting Poher and Teitgen Reports. Poher Report, footnote 30 supra, par. 41, p. 29–30Google Scholar; Teitgen Report, footnote 23 supra, pars. 4–19, p. 11–17Google Scholar; cf. also Resolution of December 2, 1954, 3 Journal Officiel de la Communauté Européenne du Charbon et de l'acier, December 11, 1954 (No. 22), p. 532–533.Google Scholar

¹⁰⁸ Art. 175, EEC Treaty; Art. 148, Euratom Treaty.

¹⁰⁹ Art. 78, ECSC Treaty; Rossignol, “Les finances de la C.E.C.A. et le développement financier des institutions européennes”, 70 Revue du Droit Public et de la Science Politique en France et à l'Étranger, 1954, p. 986–1023, at p. 991, 994, 995.Google Scholar

¹¹⁰ Assemblée Commune, Rapport fait all nom de la Commission de la Comptabilité et de l'administration de la Communauté et de l'assemblée Commune … par M. Vermeylen, Doc. No. 1, March 1953, p. 12Google Scholar; Resolution of March 11, 1953 in Débats de l'assemblée Commune, Compte Rendu in extenso, May 1953 (No. 2), p. 16.Google Scholar

¹¹¹ Assemblée Commune, Rapport fait au nom de la Commission de la Comptabilité et de l'administration de la Communauté et de l'assemblée Commune … par M. Kreyssig, Doc. No. 1, November 1954, pars. 11–14, p. 12.Google ScholarSee Resolution of December 2, 1954, in Débats de l'assemblée Commune, Compte Rendu in extenso, January 1955 (No. 7), p. 119.Google Scholar

¹¹² See Haas, , op. cit., footnote 10 supra, p. 398.Google Scholar

¹¹³ Art. 203(3), EEC Treaty; Art. 177(3), Euratom Treaty.

¹¹⁴ Particularly strong criticism was expressed by Rep. Kreyssig speaking for the Socialist group. Assemblée Parlementaire Européenne, Débats, Compte Rendu in extenso, édition provisoire, December 16, 1958 (No. 16), p. 203–209Google Scholar. See also statements by Rep. Janssen (Christian Democrat), ibid., p. 192–197, at p. 195; and by Euratom Commissioners Sassen and Krekeler, Press Bulletin Europe, No. 260, item 1247, November 7, 1958.Google Scholar

¹¹⁵ Assemblée Parlementaire Européenne, Débats, Compte Rendu in extenso, édition provisoire, December 16, 1958 (No. 16), p. 197–201, 220–226.Google Scholar

¹¹⁶ Resolution of December 17, 1958, Journal Officiel, January 5, 1959, p. 15/59–17/59. Author's translation.Google ScholarOn February 3, 1959, the Councils approved the budget estimates for 1959Google Scholar. Press Bulletin Europe, No. 329, item 1725, February 3, 1959Google Scholar; No. 330, item 1734, February 4, 1959Google Scholar; No. 384, Supplement, April 11, 1959.

¹¹⁷ The EEC Treaty provides for a transitional period of 12–15 years. Art. 8, EEC Treaty.

¹¹⁸ Cf. Reuter, , “Les institutions de la Communauté à l'épreuve,” 17 Droit Social, 1954, p. 518–523, at 523.Google Scholar

¹¹⁹ Teitgen Report, footnote 23 supra, par. 19, p. 17. Author's translation.Google Scholar

¹²⁰ Art. 86, ECSC Treaty.

¹²¹ The establishment of such a committee is envisaged by Art. 151, par. 2, EEC Treaty and Art. 121, par. 2, Euratom Treaty.

¹²² Speeches by Rep. Van der Goes van Naters, CRE, footnote 7 supra, 8, p. 13–15, by the President of the High Authority, Finet, M.Google Scholar, ibid., p. 27, and by Dr. Hallstein, ibid., p. 30–32.

¹²³ See footnote 116 supra, par. 17, p. 16/59.Google Scholar

¹²⁴ Wigny, II, footnote 1 supra, p. 34Google Scholar; cf. Haas, , op. cit., footnote 10 supra, p. 415–416.Google Scholar

¹²⁵ Haas, , op. cit., footnote 10 supra, p. 407.Google Scholar

¹²⁶ Lyon, , op. cit., footnote 31 supra, p. 55.Google Scholar

¹²⁷ Poher Report, footnote 30 supra, pars. 65–70, p. 39–41.Google Scholar

¹²⁸ Lyon, , op. cit., footnote 31 supra, p. 55.Google Scholar

¹²⁹ ibid.

¹³⁰ Schriftlicher Bericht des 3. Sonderausschusses, Gemeinsamer Markt/Euratom, über den Entwurf eines Gesetzes zu den Verträgen vom 25. März 1957 zur Gründung der Europäischen Wirtschaftsgemeinschaft und der Europäischen Atomgemeinschaft … Druck-sache Nr. 3660, 1957, p. 16.Google Scholar

¹³¹ Art. 2, Bundesgesetzblatt, 1957, II, p. 753.Google Scholar

¹³² This is quite possible particularly after the second stage of the transitional period when in many cases only a “qualified majority vote” is required. See text following footnote 117. See France, Assemblée Nationale, Rapport … par MM. Savary et July, footnote 46 supra, Annex, F, p. 181–182.Google Scholar

¹³³ Arts. 113 and 114, 75, 85–87, EEC Treaty; Arts. 101–103, 106, Euratom Treaty.

¹³⁴ Cf. Wigny, II, footnote 1 supra, p. 73.Google Scholar

¹³⁵ Arts. 201, EEC Treaty and 173, Euratom Treaty provide for means whereby the financial contributions of the member states may be replaced by resources of the Communities themselves. However, the provisions do not expressly envisage a change of the role of the Assembly in the adoption of the budget.

¹³⁶ Art. 238, EEC Treaty; Art. 206, Euratom Treaty; Assemblée Parlementaire Européenne, Rapport fait au nom de la Commission des Affaires politiques et des questions institutionelles sur la coordination des trois Communautés Européennes … par M. Janssens, rapporteur, Doc. No. 14, June 1958, par. 18, p. 22Google Scholar. See also speech by Rep. van Naters, Van der Goes, CRE, footnote 7 supra, 8, p. 11–12.Google Scholar

¹³⁷ Press Bulletin Europe, No. 293, item 1457, December 16, 1958Google Scholar; the composition of the working party is given in Journal Officiel, February 9, 1959, p. 175/59.Google Scholar

¹³⁸ “The Assembly shall draw up proposals for elections by direct universal suffrage in accordance with a uniform procedure in all Member States. The Council … by unanimous vote … shall recommend [the provisions] to Member States …” Art. 21, par. 3, ECSC Treaty, as amended by Art. 2(2) of the Convention relating to certain Institutions common to the European Communities; Art. 138(3), EEC Treaty; Arc. 108(3), Euratom Treaty. The requirement of a uniform procedure, not contained in the original version of Art. 21, ECSC Treaty, makes the speedy adoption of a scheme for direct elections more difficult. Spitaels, “Les Elections Directes Européennes,” 8 Les Cahiers de Bruges, No. 1, 1958, p. 23, at p. 26–27.Google Scholar

¹³⁹ See statements by Dehousse, MM., Sabattini, , Reynauld, , Spaak, , Teitgen, , and Wigny reproduced in Spitaels, footnote 138 supra, at p. 23–24.Google Scholar