Jurisdiction — Territorial — Foreign armed forces — Civil jurisdiction of receiving State — Contractors for United States forces stationed in Spain — Employment of United States national — Claim for unlawful dismissal — Whether subject to jurisdiction of Spanish courts — Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation between Spain and the United States, 1970 — Implementing Agreement for Treaty, 1970

Treaties — Effect in municipal law — Entry into force — Requirement of prior publication in State official journal — Whether publication of implementing agreement for treaty required where treaty itself has been published

Relationship of international law and municipal law — Treaties — Incorporation into municipal law — Requirement of publication in State official journal — Whether failure to publish implementing agreement for treaty a bar to its municipal enforcement — The law of Spain

State responsibility — Acts and omissions of State organs and officials — Duty to provide diplomatic protection to nationals abroad — Discretionary nature of duty — Conditions — Exhaustion of local remedies — Time-limit for instituting proceedings to establish State liability — Criteria for determining when time-limit starts to run

Relationship of international law and municipal law — Diplomatic protection of nationals abroad — Duty of State under customary international law — Scope of duty — Whether individual may institute proceedings under municipal law for failure of State to provide adequate diplomatic protection

State succession — Respect for private rights — Accession of Equatorial Guinea to independence — Authoritarian regime and civil disorder — Deprivation and loss of property of Spanish nationals — Whether Spanish State is liable to its nationals for failure adequately to protect their interests — The law of Spain

State responsibility — Acts and omissions of State organs and officials — Decolonization of Western Sahara — Duty of Spain to compensate nationals forced to leave Western Sahara — Conditions for payment of compensation

State succession — Respect for private rights — Decolonization of Western Sahara — Madrid Agreement, 1975, between Mauritania, Morocco and Spain — Transfer of administrative responsibilities from Spain to Morocco and Mauritania — Whether Spanish Administration liable for acts occurring during interim period when Administration shared with Morocco and Mauritania

Territory — Acquisition of territorial sovereignty — Cession — Decolonization of Western Sahara — Madrid Agreement, 1975 — De facto cession of Western Sahara from Spain to Morocco and Mauritania — The law of Spain

State succession — Continuity of the law — Decolonization of Western Sahara — Transfer of administrative powers from Spain to Morocco and Mauritania — Public company — Transfer of supervisory functions from Spanish to Moroccan authorities — Whether employees continue to benefit from provisions of Spanish employment legislation — Difference in treatment of employees at installations in Western Sahara and employees at centres on Spanish territory — Distinction between benefits under Spanish legislation enacted before and after the transfer of powers

Territory — Acquisition of territorial sovereignty — Cession — Decolonization of Western Sahara — Madrid Agreement, 1975, between Mauritania, Morocco and Spain — De facto cession of Western Sahara from Spain to Morocco and Mauritania — The law of Spain

War and armed conflict — Occupation of territory — Respect for private property — Requisitions and contributions — Requisition of private land and buildings for billeting forces — Whether trespass — The law of the Philippines

State immunity — Jurisdiction — Territorial — Exemption from and restrictions upon territorial jurisdiction — Immunity of foreign State from suit — Whether entry into contractual relationship constitutes waiver of immunity — The law of the Philippines

Treaties — Nature of executive agreements — Effect of executive agreements — Validity — Whether agreement lacking legislature’s consent binding in international law — Loan agreement between Philippines and United States — Approval of loan by Head of State but absence of ratification by Senate — The law of the Philippines

International organizations — International officials — Determination of status — Official recruited by United Nations to work with Government of Swaziland — Provision of Operational, Executive and Administrative Personnel Programme — Whether United Nations employment — Pension entitlement — United Nations Administrative Tribunal

Damages — Measure of damages — International law principles regarding reparation — Chorzow Factory principle — Death and personal injury — Assassination of exiled political leader — Agreement of respondent State to make ex gratia payment — Reference to International Commission to determine amount of compensation — Loss of future earnings — Moral damages — Relevance of attempts by respondent State to rectify human rights abuses in determining amount of moral damages — Punitive damages — Whether international law provides for punitive damages — Reimbursement of expenses

Claims — Nationality of claims — Local remedies rule — Claim brought by State on behalf of the families of two persons killed by car bomb on territory of claimant State — Members of one family possessing nationality of respondent State

International tribunals — Chile-United States International Commission — Appointment of members — Replacement of member too ill to continue — Procedure — Agreement by Chile to make ex gratia payment without prejudice to question of responsibility — Commission asked to determine amount of award

State responsibility — For human rights violation — Respondent State denying responsibility but agreeing to make ex gratia payment