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II.—On the Origin of the Loess
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 May 2009
Extract
Various theories have been advanced to explain the origin of the Loëss of Europe, Asia, and North America, the latest having been that of Mr. Howorth, in the pages of this Magazine.
Although possessing no knowledge of this formation, outside of England, beyond that derived from the descriptions of those personally acquainted with it, I have for some time thought that the Loëss has originated from an agency of which I detect evidences unong those phenomena of the Newer Pliocene period in England which I have endeavoured to trace in detail in a memoir on that subject laid before the Geological Society of London; but as the loëss in general is not discussed by me in that memoir, I venture to offer a few observations on the subject of it for the consideration of the readers of the Geological Magazine.
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References
page 340 note 1 I propose in a subsequent communication to offer some remarks as to the peculiar material which has resulted from this action upon the chalk with flints, and which is not marl.
page 340 note 2 It has in fact been mapped by the Geological Survey in parts of Herts and Bucks; and though I am not aware that the Herts portion is published, I have been kindly allowed to examine the MS. sheet containing it.
page 341 note 1 Van den Broek, and Cogels, Ann. Soc. Malacologique de Beige, vol. xii. and xiv.
page 342 note 2 Bulletin de la Société Linnéenne du Nord de la France, p. 303. As M. de Mercey describes this limon as reaching from nearly the bottoms of the valleys in Picardy to elevations of more than 200 mètres, and on the plateaux as attaining a thickness of 30 mètres, I infer that part of it, like the clay with flints in England, originated chiefly during the major glaciation on that part of the chalk with flints which was above the line of submergence during some part at least of the period of this glaciation.
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