The teeth under consideration in this paper were derived from the Kargalinsk copper mines in the government of Orenburg, Russia. These mines are in the marls and sandstones overlying conformably the Zechstein or Magnesian Limestone, and were referred by Murchison to the upper division of the Permian. Other writers have regarded them as belonging to the Lower Trias, so that the question of their horizon is still sub judice. I have elsewhere explained my reasons for believing them to form part of the Permian formation, and wishing to avail myself of the latest Russian opinions, I have recently asked Dr. Trautschold, the esteemed palæontologist of Moscow, what is the state of opinion now, and he informs me that there are as yet no positive data on which to base a Triassic hypothesis. Dr. Trautschold has visited and examined the locality, an advantage not possessed by many of those who consider the series must be Triassic, because reptilian remains of a high grade are found in them.

Various theories have been advanced to explain the origin of the Loëss of Europe, Asia, and North America, the latest having been that of Mr. Howorth, in the pages of this Magazine.

Although possessing no knowledge of this formation, outside of England, beyond that derived from the descriptions of those personally acquainted with it, I have for some time thought that the Loëss has originated from an agency of which I detect evidences unong those phenomena of the Newer Pliocene period in England which I have endeavoured to trace in detail in a memoir on that subject laid before the Geological Society of London; but as the loëss in general is not discussed by me in that memoir, I venture to offer a few observations on the subject of it for the consideration of the readers of the Geological Magazine.

whatever the result of this controversy, your readers will not be ungrateful to me for having been the means of drawing from such a distinguished explorer and geologist as Baron von Richthofen, the vigorous defence of his views which appears in the last Number of the Geological Magazine. The admirable work he has done in China it would be an impertinence in me to praise; but I may be allowed to say that a large part of it will outlive any ephemeral discussions about the Loess—discussions in which there must be a considerable element of doubt, whatever theory is adopted.

In this paper is given an engraving, actual size, and a short account of a small metallic mass, weighing rather more than two pounds, and found at the above date in Davison county. When found it was covered with a thick scaly crust of oxide. It weighs 1·24 kilogrammes or 23 3/4 ounces avoirdupois. It is one of the rare class that do not show the Widmanstättian figures. It contains iron, nickel, cobalt, and phosphorus. A complete analysis of the meteorite is being prepared. It is the property of Professor W. E. Hidden, of the New York Academy of Sciences.

In my former short communication on this subject, I referred only to the question of the age of the quartz conglomerate at Nebo, which Dr. Callaway mistook for a part of the granitoidite series, but which Prof. Hughes has shown to be Cambrian conglomerate. What Dr. Callaway says in reply may be seen at page 287. The second point which I stated I should deal with later, I now take up. Dr. Callaway wrote (GEOL. MAG. 1881, p. 423), as follows :—

On page 320, in the fourth column, the first three lines should not read as printed with the brace, but as follows:

Overlying Zone of Ammonites planorbis.

Kössener Schichten and Dachstein Series.

‘Hauptdolomit’ of Tyrol, and ‘Plattenkalk’.