In the late XIXth century Kraepelin described a new nosologic division for the psycothic disorders – Paranoia and Dementia Praecox. He emphasized that dementia praecox is a central nervous system disease, involving permanent lesions on cerebral cortex. Besides biological deterioration, it appears as the result of psychic degenerative process. From the mid-20th century onward, antipsychotic drugs had been robustly generalized, and in parallel to the current classifications, residual symptoms in schizophrenia tend to be rare but still prevail in our patients.

The aim of our work is to report a clinical case of residual schizophrenia in parallel with the classic classification of Dementia Praecox and also do an overview of this disorder and its historical perspective.

We conducted clinical interviews with the patient and family members, reviewed clinical records and conducted a query in the MEDLINE database using the terms " Dementia Praecox ", “Psychosis”, “Paranoia”, “Kraepelin”, “History”.

We present the clinical case of a 74-year-old man with onset of psychotic symptoms on his twenties and diagnosed with Schizophrenia. In the past years, after acute psychotic episodes it was increasingly difficult to return to prior levels of functioning. Currently, he was brought to psychiatric emergency ward presenting bizarre behavior, stereotyped movements and speech disturbances, which reveal disorganized thinking and inability to express his emotions.

Although these syndromes are nowadays relatively rare, it is important to keep them in mind, in order to understand the natural progression of psychotic diseases, improve their rehabilitative treatment and prognosis.

No significant relationships.

The problem of job satisfaction connected with work efficiency and psychological well-being of professionals is especially actual in stress conditions due to COVID-19 pandemic. The stress has a negative effect on job satisfaction (Singh et al., 2019). The one of the most important criteria for successful activities is a job satisfaction (Burić & Moè, 2020). The highest level of job satisfaction can be achieved by the high adaptive potential of professionals, who have a diverse arsenal of self-regulation resources and apply them adequately to working conditions (Kuznetsova et al., 2019).

The study was held in 45 professionals from different fields, who work remotely during the self-isolation due to COVID-19 pandemic and aimed to estimate the correlation between job satisfaction and self-regulation resources of professionals under work stress.

The assessment methods included: 1) test “Job Satisfaction” by V.A. Rozanova 2) S. Hobfoll’s “SACS” 3) Ch. Spilberger’s “Trait Anxiety”.

The results revealed an average level of anxiety with a tendency to growth. Avoidance, asocial and aggressive behaviour are frequently used. The direct correlation between the level of job satisfaction and such a resource of self-regulation as a search for social contact was revealed (r=0.291; p=0.049). The general level of anxiety is directly related to avoidance (r=0. 374; p=0.011), manipulative (r=0.343; p=0.021) and aggressive actions (r=0.343; p=0.021), and negatively correlates with assertive actions (r=-0.703; p=0).

The results of the study can be used to develop programs to improve the psychological well-being and performance of employees working under stress due to COVID-19 pandemic.

The original Profile of Mood States (McNair et al. 1971) is composed of 65 items to measure six affect dimensions. There is a Portuguese shorter version (POMS-27) for the perinatal period (Bos et al. 2013), which reduced the number of items (adjectives) down to 27. Although briefer, it still covers relevant mood states with good psychometric properties, being considered a good alternative to use during this demanding and busy period.

To test if PoMS-27, composed of four dimensions (Depression, Anxiety, Vigour, Fatigue) and one second-order factor (Negative Affect, composed by the former two) is valid and reliable to be used with pregnant women from Brazil.

After confirming the items semantic equivalence and slightly adapt two adjectives from European to Brazilian Portuguese, 350 pregnant women (Mean age: 30.01±5.452; Mean gestation weeks=25.17±6.55), with uncomplicated pregnancies, completed the PoMS-27 and the Brazilian recently validated versions of Perinatal Depression Screening Scale and Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale (PDSS; PASS; Barros et al. 2021). SPSS and AMOS software were used.

After deleting two items (20 and 22) and some errors were correlated, CFA indicated that the PoMS-25 four-dimensional model presented an acceptable fit (χ2=3.163; RMSEA=.079, CFI=.868, TLI=.849). The Cronbach alphas of the dimensions were: Depression (.82), Anxiety (.86), Negative Affect (.89), Fatigue (.80) and Vigor (.50).

Within this psychometric study we found useful, valid and reliable measure of negative and positive affect for Brazilian pregnant women. From now on we will denominate it Profile of Mood States-25Br

During COVID 19 epidemic it has been interesting to observe the gradual transformation of the daily routine into death, sorrow and pain. The moment of transition from life to death was really changed by distressing for survivors who had to face with unexpected ways to live their mourning.

The paper would like to analyze the mounring ritual during COVID 19 epidemic.

During COVID 19 tragedy victims and survivors have been first associated by the infection and then dramatically separated by its effects. It has been necessary to re-relaborate new procedures of separation from deceased, as far for laws prohibitions it was no longer possible to use the traditional ones.

So a leaving “ritual” re-emerged very similar to the “crying ritual” of the Southern Italy folkloric culture. The traditional wailers have been substitued by the windows flash mobs trying to replace the forced absence of “pietas”, with a moment of positive sharing of physical distance between life and death, using sounds, songs, tools that always, in farming culture help to exorcise and take away death.

The relevant starting powerlessness to face the fast disease diffusion, its intrinsic seriousness, inspired surprising capabilities of immediate reaction and active mobilization in response to the attack suffered by Koerper and Leib (in Heidegger sense) which actualized in the research of a new “separation” dimension. In the end, as psychiatrists, we have to notice how this collectivization practice is actually a big distress container and wonder where and how this distress will finally arrive

Disruptive behaviours underpin the most prevalent and costly psychiatric disorders in youth including ADHD and conduct disorder. Yet the association between childhood behavioural problems and economic and social outcomes in adulthood are rarely examined in a population-based samples where early detection and prevention may be possible.

To examine the association childhood behavioural problems and economic and social outcomes from age 18-35 years across three studies.

This study daws on 30-year Canadian birth cohort (n=3017) linked to government tax return records. Behavioural assessments – for inattention, hyperactivity, opposition, aggression, anxiety and prosociality – were prospectively obtained from teachers when children were aged 6-12 years. Regression models were used to link behavioural assessments in kindergarten (age 5/6 years) to earnings at age 33-35 years (Study 1) and to trajectories of welfare receipt (Study 2), while behaviour at age 10-12 years was linked to trajectories of partnering. Children’s IQ and family background were adjusted for.

Inattention, aggression-opposition (males only) and low low-prosociality in kindergarten were associated with lower earnings at age 33-35 years (Study 1), inattention, aggression-opposition and low prosociality in kindergarten predicted following a chronic welfare receipt trajectory from age 18-35 (Study 2), and inattention, aggression-opposition, anxiety and low-prosociality at age 10-12 years were associated with increased likelihood of being unpartnered and with partnership dissolution from age 18-35 years (Study3).

Behavioural assessments made by schoolteachers can identify children at risk of adverse economic and social outcomes in adulthood. The implications of for early screening and prevention will be discussed.

No significant relationships.

Mood destabilization and induced manic episodes are well-known phenomenon under antidepressant medications. However, even with a cautious introduction of antidepressants, it’s important to be aware of possible pharmacological interactions. Terbinafine is a known inhibitor of CYP2D6, a major hepatic metabolizer of a full list of antidepressant medications, and so capable of raising their serum levels and potentiating their side effects.

With this case report we aim to emphasize the importance of cautious usage of Terbinafine when combined with antidepressant medications.

We present a clinical case of an induced first manic episode after the introduction of Terbinafine in a patient under antidepressant medication and a qualitative review on the topic, using PubMed database.

A 66-year-old woman, with an history of Major Depressive Disorder, previously medicated with Venlafaxine 75mg/day and Mirtazapine 30mg/day, was brought to the emergency department because of psychomotor agitation. She also had an history of seasonal fluctuating mood, although never fulfilling the criteria for Bipolar Disorder. At admission, her clinical status was compatible with a manic episode. This episode followed two months after the initiation of Terbinafine for onychomycosis.

There are few studies that have shown antidepressant toxicity mediated by an interaction with Terbinafine. As far as we know this is the first case of induced mania after the introduction of Terbinafine. Therefore, it is important to remind that Terbinafine is a potential interacting agent when combined with psychotropic medications.

The diagnosis of depression and identifying the factors affecting it in patients with high levels of hospitalization is necessary. Evaluating the prevalence of depression in this population is difficult, because some of the symptoms in depression and medical illness are similar and it is probable the diagnosis of depression to be missed in this patients.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of depression and factors affecting it in patientsadmitted to the CCU of the Persian Gulf hospital in BandarabbasCity.

This study was performed on 133 patients admitted to the Persian Gulf Hospital. After obtainingconsent from patients, depression was recorded based on Beck questionnaire (BDI-II). Demographic data was registered from hospital chart review, and patient interview. Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare the data.

Our results showed that the prevalence of depressionwas significant in CCU patients. 14.3% of CCU patients had moderate to severe depression and 54.59% had mild depression and only 30.8% were normal. Our study also demonstrated that there was a direct and significant relationship between depression and age, low education level, unemployment and length of hospitalization. (P <0.05)

Considering the high prevalence of depression in CCU patients, it is necessary to identify and perform therapeutic measures in patients at high risk for mental illness.

The COVID19 outbreak has disrupted the mental health of resident doctors who had to care for patients. Eating disorders were among these reported mental health problems.

To screen binge eating disorder among young Tunisian doctors and its associated factors.

We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical online-based survey, from April 19, 2020, to May 5, 2020 on 180 medical residents in training. We sent the survey via a google form link. We used a self-administered anonymous questionnaire containing sociodemographic and clinical data of young doctors. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) criteria were used to assess Binge-Eating Disorder.

Among 180 young doctors who enrolled the survey, 70,2% were female, 16% were married. The mean age was 29 years. 51,1% were frontline caregivers, working directly in diagnosing, treating or caring for patients with coronavirus disease. Among our participants, 5% presented anxiety disorder, another 5 % presented depression disorder and 1,7% had eating disorder. Binge eating disorder were present among 8,9 % of participants and it was associated to personal history of eating disorder (7,7% vs 1,1%, p<10-3), past history of depression disorder (7,2% vs 3,3%, p=0.008), exposure to media or news about coronavirus outbreak (0.5% vs 8,3%, p=0.04).

Our study indicated the evolving proportion of binge eating disorder among young doctors. Screening eating disorder is important in order to prevent related physical health problems.

Patients with schizophrenia have a reduced life expectancy compared to the general population, and cardiovascular diseases contribute to this. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with excess all-cause mortality and specifically with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The risk factors for PAD, such as diabetes, smoking, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and obesity, are more common among patients with schizophrenia which could contribute to a possibly higher prevalence of PAD among patients with schizophrenia.

To investigate PAD utilizing toe brachial index (TBI) in a population of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia with the purpose of establishing prevalence rates amongst newly diagnosed as well as more chronic patients.

A cross-sectional study of patients with schizophrenia (ICD10-diagnosis F20 or F25) with a study population of 57 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia within the last 2 years, psychiatric healthy controls matched by age, sex and smoking status and 142 patients with a schizophrenia diagnosis more than 10 years ago. The primary outcome is TBI in patients with schizophrenia stratified to the two subpopulations. The TBI will be calculated from the arm and toe systolic pressures. The toe pressures were measured using photoplethysmography (SysToe®, Atys Medical).

No results are available yet. The cohort will be described by age, sex, smoking status, body fat percentage and physical comorbidities. The TBI of the two subpopulations will be compared with psychiatrically healthy controls using paired t-tests if data is normally distributed. If transformation is unsuitable, Wilcoxon test will be carried out instead.

No results are available yet. Results will be presented at the EPA’s congress 2021.

No significant relationships.

From 2014 on, the rate of persons with a migration background in Germany rose steadily, in forensic psychiatric hospitals even disproportionally. Although daily work is aggravated through language barriers and cultural differences, general therapy processes have not been appropriately adapted yet and extensive research is lacking.

Therefore the aim was to get a picture of the current situation of patients with a migration background in 11 Bavarian forensic psychiatry.

237 Patients with a migration background (first or second generation) were asked about their sociocultural background, their acculturation tendency (by rating the Frankfurter Acculturation Scale), their German language ability and their estimation of the ward climate (by the Essen Climate Evaluation Schema).

51.8% of the participants were able speak German on an A- level, 13.1% on a B- level and 35.1% on a C- level. Patients of our sample oriented themselves more towards Germany and less towards their country of origin, compared to the control sample. Further, they experienced safety significantly lower and patient cohesion and mutual support higher than the forensic reference sample.

One possible explanation for the patients’ orientation is the lack of possibilities to act out their cultural traditions. Because of the patients’ limited German knowledge and cultural misunderstandings, they could feel less safe. To conclude, the group of patients with a migration background is important not solely due to its size. But its heterogeneity makes universally applicable statements not easy. Migration backgrounds have to be considered within the psychiatric setting and individual therapy plans have to be made.

Posttraumatic stress disorder is a prevalent mental health condition with substantial impact on daily functioning that lacks sufficient treatment options. Previous research has led to the designation of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) as a Breakthrough Therapy for treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) when administered as an adjunct to psychotherapy.

Here we report the findings of the first randomized, double-blind, Phase 3 trial assessing the efficacy and safety of 3 sessions with a flexible dose of MDMA or placebo administered under direct observation to participants with severe PTSD (n = 100) as an adjunct to inner-directed psychotherapy.

Change in PTSD symptoms (CAPS-5) and functional impairment (SDS) were assessed by a central, blinded Independent Rater Pool at baseline and following each treatment session. Adverse events (AEs), concomitant medications, suicidal ideation and behavior were tracked throughout the study. Vital signs were measured during experimental sessions. The primary endpoint was 18 weeks post-randomization.

Change in CAPS-5 and SDS, placebo-subtracted Cohen’s d effect size, and a responder analysis will be presented. There were three serious AEs of suicidal ideation or behavior reported. MDMA was well tolerated, with some treatment emergent AEs occurring at greater frequency for the MDMA group during and after experimental sessions.

If MDMA-assisted psychotherapy significantly attenuates PTSD symptomatology and associated functional impairment, these results will form the basis for marketing authorization applications worldwide, including among participants with dissociative subtype of PTSD, depression, history of alcohol and substance use disorders, and adverse childhood experiences.

No significant relationships.

In December 2019, the first cases of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak related to acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection were reported in the Chinese city of Wuhan. European countries experienced a tragic growth in the number of Covid-19 cases although several restrictions have been imposed.

The study is aimed to describe the first experience of the Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII in the city of Bergamo, Northern Italy.

The most relevant clinical characteristics of aged patients with COVID-19 and mental disorders have been described.

According to the experience of the Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, medical departments, after appropriate training of all healthcare workers, have been rapidly converted into specific units aimed at treating patients with COVID-19 infection. Specifically, we directly observed a rapidly growing request of psychiatric interventions in aged patients with COVID-19 infection due to the emergence of severe delirium (mainly hyperkinetic) which was reported in approximately 30−50% of cases increasing with age, psychomotor agitation, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. When compared with younger subjects, we found that subjects aged 65 or above with prolonged hospitalization in our hospital are more vulnerable to: 1) environmental factors (e.g., social isolation and distance from family members, stay in intensive/subintensive units, communication difficulties due to therapeutic devices); 2) individual factors (e.g., COVID-19 possible neurotropic properties, impairments in insight and cognitive dysfunctions, comorbid medical conditions, and use of multiple medications).

The main implications of the present findings have been discussed.

Even when sharing etiologic factors, the incidence of DM-1 is low in patients with schizophrenia. Both diseases can lead to cognitive impairment, but its difficult to define its origin. 33 years old male, with DM-1 and schizophrenia referred to Therapeutic Community for psychotic symptomatology control, cannabis consumption withdrawal, improvement of self-care and hipoglycemia control reach

Nowadays toxic abstinent and adequate consciousness of disorder. Remarkable persistence of hallucinations both auditive and visual, mostly shown as delirium, pharmacologic treatment-refractary. During last months, he shows excessive absent-mindedness, recent memory failure and verbal declarative memory and psychomotor slowdown Analysis: unbalance glycosylated hemoglobin. MR: cortical-subcortical atrophy, very shocking his age. Endocrinology follow up it was decided to stablish an insulin pump, so metrics were regulated.

Neurological profile of the patient (deficit and slowdown attention capability) aggravation of symptoms according to glycaemia and disturbances in image test could lead to vascular origin. Attention deficit and excessive focus are symptoms of schizophrenia, but they are shown in the beginning, they tend to stabilize during years. Verbal declarative memory disruptions can be produced in both disorders

Better glycemic control and changed to Lurasidone 37mg and Cariprazine 3mg objecting higher reactivity and less absent-mindednes

Cognitive impairment in DM is frequent in adults with severe and long evolving hypoglycemic episodes Regardless of its origin, the cognitive impairment in schizophrenia leads to serious impact in functional and pragmatic areas Further investigation will allow us to quantify the magnitude of cognitive effect in metabolic control so according strategies could be developed

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience in 2019/2020 carrieda devastating impact on hospital systems and personnel. Therising number of cases, unpreparedness, lack of vital resources, excessiveworkload, and the incapacityto contain the spread has producedincreased psychological and physical pressure among thehealthcare workers. During thepandemic,the extreme pressures experienced by healthcare workers increasedthe risk ofburnout, which has negative consequences for individual health, but also for patient care andthe healthcare system.

Our study has been developed with the aims to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on occupational burnout of Italian healthcare workers and to identify the presence of protective and the risk factors.

An online survey addressed the Italian healthcare workers using email invitation, dissemination of the link through social media channels and involvement of professional associations. The snowball sampling procedure gave us the opportunity to recruit a large sample of the Italian healthcare workers with different role, specialties and settings.

During the study period, 5643 responses were recorded. The final sample included 5385 participants. This included 63.2% of medical practitioners, 35.3% of nurses and social workers and 1.5% non-clinical or other. The majority of participants were female (60.7%), 39.4% had at least 20 years of clinical experience and 3170 participants worked in inpatient unit hospital.A subset of participants screened positively for moderate- to-severe symptoms of depression, anxiety. Front-line workers reported high greater severity of psychological distress.

Understanding the health-related consequences of COVID-19 outbreak on Italian healthcare workers is mandatory to provide timely interventions to protect their health.

No significant relationships.

Compared to the parents of kids with “typical” development the stress level and exhaustion in these parents is higher and more frequent. Furthermore COVID-19 pandemic can increase stress levels especially among people that suffer from mental health disorders. Studies show that these difficult, challenging times have had a negative impact on most families, which have a child with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Evaluation of different aspects of emotional dimension among caregivers of children that take therapy in the National Center for Children Rehabilitation and Treatment (NCCRT) during COVID-19 pandemic

The study was conducted during a two-month period March-April 2020. The sample involved 110 relatives of children that were taking educative and rehabilitation therapy in NCCRT during last year, ambulatory or inpatients. Data were collected by clinical records and phone interviews. Instrument we used were: Demographic inventory and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale for anxiety symptom evaluation. All data were statistically analyzed through excel.

Most of individual interviewed, whom are responsible for children wellbeing and pass most of the time with them were their parents, 69% of them. 56% of individuals were among 31-45 years old and 92% of them were women. Physical distancing seemed to risen anxiety levels in caregivers whom hadn’t have these problems before.

It is necessary the dynamic support with special attention for caregivers whom have emotional distress. Yet has to be evaluated the connection, if it’s present, between parents with emotional distress and children progress, for ones that are being supported with development therapy.

Existing evidence regarding the association between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and the risk of maternal mental illness is inconclusive.

This study aimed (i) to investigate the relationship between HDP (pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension) and the risk of depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy and in the postpartum period and (ii) to test whether parity moderates the association between HDP and antenatal and postnatal anxiety and depressive symptoms.

The study cohort consisted of more than 8500 mothers who participated in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), UK. Maternal antenatal and postnatal depressive and anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the Crown-Crisp Experiential Index (CCEI), respectively. Univariable and multivariable logistic and linear regression analyses were used to examine the associations.

Mothers with pre-eclampsia had a 53% (aOR= 1.53; 95% CI, 1.06-2.23) increased risk of antenatal depressive symptoms compared with those without pre-eclampsia. Having pre-eclampsia and being a nulliparous woman resulted in a 2.75 fold increased risk of antenatal depressive symptoms (p-value for interaction = 0.03). Gestational hypertension was associated with antenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms. We found no associations between pre-eclampsia and/or gestational hypertension and postnatal anxiety and depressive symptoms.

Our study showed that mothers with HDP were at higher risk of antenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms. Nulliparous women with pre-eclampsia are a higher risk group for depression during pregnancy.

No significant relationships.

The PSP has been implemented in Catalonia in 2006 in an attempt to improve the Primary Care treatment of the most common mental disorders and addictions. It’s based on a collaborative model, made up between Primary Care and Mental Health professionals.

To identify the strengths and limitations of the PSP from the perspective of Primary Care and Mental Health professionals.

Qualitative, exploratory and interpretive study based on Grounded Theory, made between 2018 and 2019 with Primary Care and Mental Health professionals. Group interviews were conducted with triangulated analysis. The study got the approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the Sant Joan de Deu’s foundation.

11 group interviews were conducted in 6 primary care centers and 5 mental health centers in Barcelona. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors impacting the programme functioning were detected. Within the extrinsic factors, elements related to professionals, patients and public health system have been observed. All the professionals agree that the PCSP has a favorable impact on inter-professional relationships and patients, facilitating the management of cases. In contrast the heterogeneity implementation, the lack of training, and the health care burden in is considered to negatively influence an optimal development of the programme. Professionals suggest communication and inter-professional collaboration would be improved by creating more a horizontal structure that eliminates vertical lines of command and disagreements in clinical judgement, thus facilitating shared decisions.

PrimaryCare and MentalHealth professionals value the PSP positively, but conclude there are communication and organizative barriers that should be addressed in order to improve the overall programme’s efficiency.

Alcohol amnesia and palimpsests belong to understudied areas in addictology concerning the pathogenesis, risk factors, and development of effective integrated, targeted modalities of therapy, prevention, and after-treatment care.

Development of a new integrated, pathogenetically grounded approach to the emergency and routine therapy for immediate and long-term consequences of amnestic alcohol intoxication.

Modern complex clinical-psychopathological, pathopsychological, laboratory, electrophysiological, biochemical examination; method of analogues and prototype analytical examination.

Integrated anti-amnestic pharmacotherapeutic triad: Noobut IC (Phenibut) orally, before meals, for 6 days, twice a day: 250 mg in the morning, 500 mg at night, within days 7-14 250 mg twice: in the morning and at night; Vitaxon 2.0 ml daily, intramuscularly, No10 totally; ozone therapy for 10 days (ozone dissolved in olive oil, 6 mg/100 ml concentration), 5 ml orally 3 times a day. Complex therapy is concurrent with synergistic psychotherapeutic potentiation. Supportive anti-relapse prevention of alcohol-induced amnesia, palimpsests with Noobut IC: 1 tablet (250 mg) orally in the morning for 2 months. The pathogenetic support of the pharmacotherapeutic triad in treatment for alcohol addiction, comorbid with amnestic disorders, is pathogenetically focused on pharmacological properties of each component of the triad and their potentiating effects, involving most pathogenetic mechanisms of this disease.

Relieving and prophylactic efficacy of the proposed pharmacological triad (Noobut, Vitaxon, ozone and concurrent psychotherapeutic potentiation) is proven by the statistical reliability method and illustrated by clinical examples of patient-specific research.

The prevalence rates of mental health issues, particularly anxiety and depression, is high among transgender people. However, the incidence of anxiety and depression in transgender people living in Russia is unclear until now.

To examine the frequency of anxiety and depression in transgender people living in Russia.

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used for online screening for symptoms of anxiety and depression in transgender people living in Russia throughout November 2019. 588 transgender adults living in all Federal Districts of Russia (mean age 24.0±6.7) were included in the final analysis. 69.6% (n=409) of the survey participants indicated the direction of transition as transmasculine (TM), 23.1% (n=136) – as transfeminine (TW), and 7.3% (n=43) – as other (TO).

It was found that 45.1% (n=265) and 24.0% (n=141) of transgender people had clinically significant levels of anxiety and depression, respectively (HADS score of 11 or higher). The rates of anxiety (TM=10.21±4.68; TW=8.72±3.91; TO=10.72±4.43) and depression (TM=7.53±4.09; TW=7.40±4.19; TO=7.74±4.33) did not have statistically significant differences within the direction of transition. The anxiety and depression mean scores in all subgroups were statistically significantly higher than in the general Russian population (p<0.001; one sample t-test).

Our findings suggest a high prevalence of depression and anxiety disorders in the transgender population as compared to the cisgender population in Russia. The identified frequency of anxiety and depression in transgender people in Russia is worrying and requires immediate action to improve the availability and quality of medical and psychological care for this group of people.

No significant relationships.

Anhedonia is an important transdiagnostic phenotypic characteristic of schizophrenia, mood disorders (MD), alcohol use disorder (AUD) and other mental diseases. This Symptom could reflect the neurochemical abnormalities in addictive and affective disorders when the function of reward system is dysregulated (Koob G.F., 2017).

To compare the severity of Anhedonia in clinic of MD and AUD in dynamic of antidepressant therapy

The study enrolled 93 patients under treatment in MHRI Clinics: 45 AUD (F10.2; ICD-10) and 48 MD patients (F31-F34; ICD-10). The evaluation of Anhedonia was provided with the SHAPS modified for clinician administration (SHAPS-C) (Rezvan A., 2014).

Due to statistical analysis, we found the level of anhedonia in the MD group was higher than in the AUD group before the treatment. After four weeks of antidepressant therapy the scrutiny of score difference shows less changes in severity of the Symptom in the AUD group (Table 1) Table 1. Dynamics of Anhedonia in MD and AUD groups by SHAPS-C

Anhedonia in the structure of AUD is less pronounced than in MD, but responds less to antidepressant therapy. The study is supported by RSF Grant no. 19-15-00023 “Clinical features and search of potential biomarkers of comorbidity of alcoholism and affective disorders”.