Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 July 2019
Under the phrase “code is law” and based on its “trustless trust”, blockchain has emerged as a disrupting technology considered by some as an alternative to the law. Based on a study of real-life blockchain-based decentralised applications (Dapps), this article takes blockchain developers at their word and adopts the point of view of users: can blockchain live up to its promise and enable them to transact with each other without the need for the trust granted by the law? The article particularly highlights that users need to be able to ascertain that a self-advertised Dapp indeed qualifies as one. Blockchain technology may make it possible to do away with trust in third parties, but this is not enough. Users also need to trust that an alleged Dapp genuinely is one, and blockchain alone cannot provide this. Beyond Dapps, it is argued that blockchain needs the complementary role of the law to deliver its promises and especially to authenticate blockchain “virtues”. The EU certification mark is identified as a promising form of co-regulation for that purpose.
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76 ibid, p 146.
77 While Atzori considers that DAOs are “self-sufficient agents derived from artificial intelligence” (Atzori, supra, note 6, p 46), De Filippi and Wright consider that a DAO may gain its autonomy not only from artificial intelligence, but also from “the aggregation of several code-based systems, which for a larger coordinated system” or in other words by “stigmergic process”: De Filippi and Wright, supra, note 8, p 149.
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90 Act of September 21 2006, ch 26, Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 44-7003 (2006) (amended by 2017 Ariz Sess Laws 2417), <legiscan.com/AZ/text/HB2417/id/1528949>.
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104 ibid, Art 84(2).
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