Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T15:47:25.296Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Mosquito-borne arboviruses in Norway: further isolations and detection of antibodies to California encephalitis viruses in human, sheep and wildlife sera

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2009

Terje Traavik ,
Reidar Mehl  and
Richard Wiger
Terje Traavik
Affiliation:
Institute of Medical Biology, University of Tromso, 9001 Tromsö, Norway
Reidar Mehl
Affiliation:
Laboratory for Medical Entomology, National Institute of Public Health, Oslo
Richard Wiger
Affiliation:
Department of Toxicology, National Institute of Public Health, Oslo
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Seven virus strains antigenically related to the California encephalitis (CE) virus group were isolated from Norwegian Aedes spp. mosquitoes collected in 1976. So far CE viruses have been isolated from five different Aedes spp. in Norway. Furthermore, two virus strains related to the Bunyamwera group were isolated from Anopheles claviger.

Antibodies to CE viruses were demonstrated in 22% of 1014 military recruits tested. Among 91 soldiers who were monitored by monthly blood samples during the mosquito season, seroconversions were detected in 11 individuals. Specific IgM antibodies were found in seven of them. Disease symptoms in connexion with the CE virus infections were not seen. The prevalence of CE antibodies in patients with CNS or respiratory infections was not higher than in control groups. Seroconversions were not seen in any of the groups.

Screening of sheep sera from six different areas in northern Norway indicated significantly different degrees of CE virus activity. Passerine birds may be important CE virus hosts, while small rodents seem unimportant. Specific IgM antibodies were detected in the sera of one of three hares and one of two squirrels.

Of the methods used, single radial haemolysis (SRH) and immuno-electroosmophoresis (IEOP) seemed to be well suited for serological screenings. However, an indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) which was used may be an attractive alternative if high-quality anti-species conjugates are available. The haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test used gave a high number of false positive results.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Hygiene , Volume 94 , Issue 1 , February 1985 , pp. 111 - 122
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1985

References

REFERENCES

Bardos, V., Medek, M., Kania, V. & Hubalek, Z. (1975). Isolation of Tahyna virus from the blood of sick children. Ada Virologica 19, 447.Google ScholarPubMed
Beaty, B. J., Casals, J., Brown, K. L., Gundersen, C.B.Nelson, D.fMcPherson, J. T. & Thompson, W. H. (1982). Indirect fluorescent-antibody technique for serological diagnosis of La Crosse (California) virus infections. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 15, 429–434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blom, H. & Haukenes, G. (1974). Identification of non-specific serum inhibitors of rubella virus hemagglutination. Medical Microbiology and Immunology 159, 271–277.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brummer-Korvenkontio, M. (1974). Bunyaimvera arbovirus supergroup in Finland. A study of Inkoo and Batai viruses. Commentationes Biologicae (Helsinki) 76, 1–52.Google Scholar
Brummer-Korvenkontio, M. & Saikku, P. (1975). Mosquitoborne viruses in Finland. Medical Biology 53, 279–281.Google ScholarPubMed
Duca, M., Duca, E., Ionescu, L. & Ardalla, H. (1979). Single radial hemolysis for the assay of antibodies to some hemagglutinating viruses. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 57, 937–942.Google Scholar
French, G. R., Foulke, R. S., Brand, O. A., Eody, G. A., Lee, H. W. & Lee, P. W. (1981). Korean hemorrhagic fever: propagation of the etiologic agent in a cell line of human origin. Science 211, 1046–1048.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henderson, B. E. & Coleman, P. H. (1971). The growing importance of California arboviruses in the etiology of human disease. Progress in Medical Virology 13, 404–461.Google ScholarPubMed
Leduc, J. W. (1979). The ecology of California group viruses. Journal of Medical Entomology 16, 1–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mehl, R., Traavik, T. & Wiger, R. (1983). The composition of the mosquito fauna in selected biotopes for arbovirus studies in Norway. Fauna norvegica, Series B 30, 14–24.Google Scholar
Mehl, R. (1983). An improved aspirator for collecting mosquitoes and other insects. Fauna (Olso) 36, 132–133.Google Scholar
Parkin, W. E., Hammon, W. McD. & Sather, G. E. (1972). Review of current epidemiological literature on viruses of the California arbovirus group. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 21, 964–978.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Porterfield, J. S., Casals, J.Chumakov, M. P., Gaidamovich, S. Y., Hannoun, D., Holmes, I. H., Horizined, M. C, Mussoay, M., Oker-Blom, N. & Russel, P. K. (1974). Bunyaviruses and Bunyaviridae. Intervirology 2, 270–272.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rawls, W. E. & Chernesky, M. A. (1974). Rubella virus. In Manual of Clinical Immunology (ed. Rose, N. R. and Friedman, H.), p. 452. Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbiology.Google Scholar
Simkova, A. & Sluka, F. (1973). Isolation of Tahyna virus from the blood of a case of influenza-like disease. Ada Virologica 17, 94.Google ScholarPubMed
Smevik, B. & Traavik, T. (1974). Australia antigen: En epidemiologisk undersokelse i forsvaret. Saniletsnytl 1, 1–13.Google Scholar
Traavik, T. (1977). Development of a modified immunoelectroosmophoresis method for Uukuniemi and Runde virus serology. Archives of Virology 54, 231–240.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Traavik, T. (1979). Tick- and mosquito-borne viruses in Norway. Thesis, University of Tromso.Google Scholar
Traavik, T. (1979 b). Arboviruses in Norway. In Artie and Tropical Arboviruses (ed. Kurstak, E.). pp. 67–81. New York: Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Traavik, T., Mehl, R., Berdal, B. P., Lund. S. & Dalrymple J. M. (1983). Nephropathia epidemica in Norway: decription of serological response in human disease and implication of rodent reservoirs. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases 15, 11–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Traavik, T., Mehl, R. & Wioer, R. (1978). California encephalitis viruses isolated from mosquitoes collected in southern and arctic Norway. Ada pathologica et microbiologica Scandinavica, Section B 86, 335–341.Google Scholar
Traavik, T., Siebke, J. C. & Kjeldsbero, E. (1972). A sensitive modification of the Ouchterlony technique. Detection of hepatitis associated antigen in a closed hexagonal system. Acta pathologica et microbiologica Scandinvica Section B 80, 773–774.Google Scholar
Watts, D. M., Pantuwatana, S., Defoliart, G. R., Yuill, T. M. & Thompson, W. H. (1973). Transovarial transmission of La Crosse (California encephalitis group) in the mosquito Aedes triseriatus. Science 182, 1140–1141.CrossRefGoogle Scholar