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Associations of polygenic scores and developmental trajectories of externalizing behaviors

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 January 2025

A. Brooke Sasia Open the ORCID record for A. Brooke Sasia [Opens in a new window] ,
Katherine G. Jonas Open the ORCID record for Katherine G. Jonas [Opens in a new window] ,
Monika A. Waszczuk Open the ORCID record for Monika A. Waszczuk [Opens in a new window]  and
James J. Li Open the ORCID record for James J. Li [Opens in a new window]
A. Brooke Sasia
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA Center for Demography on Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
Katherine G. Jonas
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, USA
Monika A. Waszczuk
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, USA
James J. Li*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA Center for Demography on Health and Aging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
*
Corresponding author: James J. Li; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Polygenic scores (PGSs) have garnered increasing attention in the clinical sciences due to their robust prediction signals for psychopathology, including externalizing (EXT) behaviors. However, studies leveraging PGSs have rarely accounted for the phenotypic and developmental heterogeneity in EXT outcomes. We used the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (analytic N = 4,416), spanning ages 13 to 41, to examine associations between EXT PGSs and trajectories of antisocial behaviors (ASB) and substance use behaviors (SUB) identified via growth mixture modeling. Four trajectories of ASB were identified: High Decline (3.6% of the sample), Moderate (18.9%), Adolescence-Peaked (10.6%), and Low (67%), while three were identified for SUB: High Use (35.2%), Typical Use (41.7%), and Low Use (23%). EXT PGSs were consistently associated with persistent trajectories of ASB and SUB (High Decline and High Use, respectively), relative to comparison groups. EXT PGSs were also associated with the Low Use trajectory of SUB, relative to the comparison group. Results suggest PGSs may be sensitive to developmental typologies of EXT, where PGSs are more strongly predictive of chronicity in addition to (or possibly rather than) absolute severity.

Keywords

externalizingpolygenic scoresdevelopmentantisocial behaviorssubstance use
Type
Regular Article
Information
Development and Psychopathology , First View , pp. 1 - 15
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© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press

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