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Crystal Chemistry of Corrensite: A Review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 April 2024

Maria Franca Brigatti  and
Luciano Poppi
Maria Franca Brigatti
Affiliation:
Istituto di Mineralogia e Petrologia dell'Università, via S. Eufemia 19, 41100 Modena, Italy
Luciano Poppi
Affiliation:
Istituto di Mineralogia e Petrografia dell'Università, Porta S. Donato 1, 40100 Bologna, Italy
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Abstract

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Statistical analyses of chemical data from the literature of corrensite minerals suggest a large compositional variability, more evident in octahedral than in tetrahedral coordination. Mg occupies 40–80% of the octahedral sites, with Al and Fe2+ making up the remainder. Approximately 15–30% of the tetrahedral sites are filled by Al. Despite this compositional variability, distinct fields for the several types of mixed-layer trioctahedral chlorite/trioctahedral swelling layer are not apparent. Statistical analyses of the composition of corrensite compared with saponite, vermiculite, and chlorite suggest that corrensite is an intermediate between trioctahedral chlorite and trioctahedral smectite. If Fe/(Fe + Mg) > 50%, chlorite alone is favored, but with increasing Mg, chlorite appears to transform into corrensite and then, by iron oxidation, into trioctahedral smectite. Despite the chemical variability between corrensite, chlorite, and saponite, corrensite appears chemically to be a well-defined species. On the other hand, corrensite cannot be characterized chemically on the basis of its swelling component. Thus, the current definition of corrensite as a regular 1:1 interstratification of trioctahedral chlorite and either trioctahedral smectite or vermiculite is appropriate.

Резюме

Резюме

Статистические анализы литературных химических данных по коррензитовым минералом выказывают большую композиционную разнообразность, которая более очевидна в октаэдрической, чем тетраэдрической координации. Мg занимает 40–80% октаэдрических мест, тогда как остальные места заполняются А1 и Fe2+. Приблизительно 15–30% тетраэдрических мест заполнено Аl. Несмотря на композиционную разнообразность нет очевидных четких областей для нескольких типов смешанно-слойного триоктаэдрического хлорита/триоктаэдрического набухающего слоя. Сравнение статисти¬ческих анализов композиции коррензита с сапонитом, вермикулитом и хлоритом наводит на мысль, что коррензит является промежуточным соединением между триоктаэдрическим хлоритом и три-окраэдрическим смектитом. Если Fе/(Fе + Ме) > 50%, только хлорит является предпочтительным, но с увеличением М§ хлорит, по видимому, преобразовывается в коррензит и при последующем окислении железа—в триоктаэдрический смектит. Несмотря на химическое различие между коррен-зитом, хлоритом и сапонитом, коррензиты, по видимому, являются химически хорошо-определен¬ными видами. С другой стороны, коррензиты не могут быть химически охарактеризованы на основе их набухающего компонента. Таким образом, современное определение коррензита как регулярной прослойки 1:1 триоктаэдрического хлорита и триоктаэдрического смектита или вермикулита яв¬ляется соответствующим. [E.G.]

Resümee

Resümee

Statistische Analysen von chemischen Daten aus der Literatur über Corrensitminerale deuten auf eine große Variabilität der Zusammensetzung hin, die in der oktaedrischen Koordination ausgeprägter ist als in der tetraedrischen Koordination. Mg besetzt 40–80% der oktaedrischen Plätze, während Al und Fe den Rest besetzen. Ungefähr 15–30% der Tetraederplätze werden von Al besetzt. Trotz dieser chemischen Variabilität sind keine getrennten Bereiche für die verschiedenen Arten von Wechsellagerung aus trioktaedrischem Chlorit und trioktaedrischer quellfähiger Schicht zu erkennen. Statistische Analysen der Corrensitzusammensetzung im Vergleich zu Saponit, Vermiculit und Chlorit deuten daraufhin, daß der Corrensit ein Zwischenglied zwischen trioktaedrischem Chlorit und trioktaedrischem Smektit ist. Wenn das Verhältnis Fe/(Fe + Mg) > 50% ist, wird Chlorit allein bevorzugt, aber mit zunehmendem Mg-Gehaltscheint Chlorit in Corrensit umgewandelt zu werden und dann durch Oxidation von Fe in trioktaedrischen Smektit. Trotz der chemischen Variabilität zwischen Corrensit, Chlorit und Saponit scheint der Corrensit eine gut definierte Phase zu sein. Auf der anderen Seite kann der Corrensit chemisch nicht aufgrund seiner quellfähigen Komponente charakterisiert werden. Daher ist die gegenwärtige Definition von Corrensit als eine regelmäßige 1:1 Wechsellagerung von trioktaedrischem Chlorit und entweder trioktaedrischem Smektit oder Vermiculit zutreffend. [U.W.]

Résumé

Résumé

Des analyses statistiques de données chimiques de la littérature concernant les minéraux cor-rensites suggèrent une variabilité de composition très grande, plus évidente dans la coordination octaèdrale que tetraèdrale. Mg occupe 40-80% des sites octaèdraux, avec Al et Fe2+ remplissant le reste. Approximativement 15-30% des sites tetraèdraux sont remplis par Al. Malgré cette variabilité de composition, il n'y a pas d'apparence de champs distincts pour les différents types de couches mélangées chlorite trioctaèdrale/couche gonflante trioctaèdrale. Des analyses statistiques de la composition de corrensite comparée à la saponite, la vermiculite et la chlorite suggèrent que la corrensite est un intermédiaire entre la chlorite trioctaèdrale et la smectite trioctaèdrale. Si Fe/(Fe + Mg) > 50%, la chlorite seule est favorisée, mais avec l'augmentation de Mg, la chlorite semble se transformer en corrensite et ensuite, par oxidation de fer, en smectite trioctaèdrale. Malgré la variabilité chimique entre la corrensite, la chlorite et la saponite, la corrensite semble être chimiquement une espèce bien définie. Mais d'autre part, la corrensite ne peut pas être caractérisée chimiquement sur la base de son composé gonflant. Ainsi, la définition actuelle de la corrensite en tant qu'interstratification 1:1 de chlorite trioctaèdrale et soit de la smectite ou de la vermiculite est appropriée. [D.J.]

Keywords

Chemical compositionCorrensiteMixed layerSmectiteStatistical analysisVermiculite
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 32 , Issue 5 , October 1984 , pp. 391 - 399
Copyright
Copyright © 1984, The Clay Minerals Society

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