Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T21:47:22.576Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Compositional Gap in Dioctahedral-Trioctahedral Smectite System: Beidellite-Saponite Pseudo-Binary Join

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 February 2024

Hirohisa Yamada ,
Katsuaki Yoshioka ,
Kenji Tamura ,
Kazuko Fujii  and
Hiromoto Nakazawa
Hirohisa Yamada*
Affiliation:
National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
Katsuaki Yoshioka
Affiliation:
Nippon Paint Co. Ltd., 4-1-15 Minamishinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-0004, Japan
Kenji Tamura
Affiliation:
Central Laboratory, Kawasaki, Showa Denko K.K., 3-2 Chidori-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0865, Japan
Kazuko Fujii
Affiliation:
National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
Hiromoto Nakazawa
Affiliation:
National Institute for Research in Inorganic Materials, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
*
E-mail of corresponding author: [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

A series of hydrothermal experiments were performed to determine the phase relations on the beidellite-saponite pseudo-binary join. Quenched glasses with stoichiometric dehydrated compositions of an Na-rich smectite on the join were heated at 250–500°C for durations of 1–151 d at 100 MPa. Time-temperature diagrams showed that immiscibility occurs between dioctahedral smectite (beidellite) and trioctahedral smectite (saponite) below 400°C. Thus, smectite with intermediate chemical composition was considered as metastable in this system. Above 400°C the assemblage of regularly interstratified saponite-chlorite, quartz, and feldspar was recognized in the intermediate chemical compositional region of this join. On the beidellite side of this join, beidellite and mixed-layer phases of smectite and a regular interstratification of montmorillonite-beidellite, are possible phases that occur at <300°C. They readily reacted to form a mixture of dioctahedral rectorite plus quartz at 300°C. This assemblage then reacted to a dioctahedral “mica”, which can expand with glycol and quartz. On the saponite side of this join, a single phase, saponite, existed at <400°C, and transformed to saponite plus trioctahedral rectorite with aging and increasing temperature of synthesis. The alteration was affected strongly by the chemical composition of the binary system.

Keywords

Beidellite-Saponite JoinCompositional GapHydrothermal ExperimentMixed-Layer Phases
Type
Research Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 47 , Issue 6 , December 1999 , pp. 803 - 810
Copyright
Copyright © 1999, The Clay Minerals Society

References

Brindley, G.W. and Brown, G., 1980 Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and Their X-ray Identification London Mineralogical Society 10.1180/mono-5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carman, J.H., 1974 Synthetic sodium phlogopite and its two hydrates: Stability, properties, and mineralogical implications American Mineralogist 59 261–273.Google Scholar
Curtin, D. and Smile, G.W., 1981 Composition and origin of smectite in soils derived from basalt in Northern Ireland Clays and Clay Minerals 29 277–284 10.1346/CCMN.1981.0290405.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Decarreau, A. Grauby, O. and Petit, S., 1992 The actual distribution of octahedral cations in 2:1 clay minerals: Results from clay synthesis Applied Clay Science 7 147–167 10.1016/0169-1317(92)90036-M.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eberl, D., 1978 Reaction series for dioctahedral smectites Clays and Clay Minerals 26 327–340 10.1346/CCMN.1978.0260503.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eberl, D. and Hower, J., 1977 The hydrothermal transformation of sodium and potassium smectite into mixed-layer clay Clays and Clay Minerals 25 215–227 10.1346/CCMN.1977.0250308.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eberl, D. Whitney, G. and Khoury, H., 1978 Hydrothermal reactivity of smectite American Mineralogist 63 401–409.Google Scholar
Fujita, T. Sugimori, K. and Nakazawa, H., 1991 Conversion of fluor-phlogopite to hydroxy-phlogopite in NaOH and LiOH hydrothermal solutions Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 99 745–750 10.2109/jcersj.99.745 (in Japanese with English abstract).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grauby, O. Petit, S. Decarreau, A. and Boronnet, A., 1993 The beidellite-saponite series: An experimental approach European Journal of Mineralogy 5 623–635 10.1127/ejm/5/4/0623.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greene-Kelly, R., 1953 The identification of montmorillonoids in clays Journal of Soil Science 4 233–237 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1953.tb00657.x.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Güven, N. and Bailey, S.W., 1988 Smectites Hydrous Phyllosilicates (Exclusive of Micas) Washington, D.C. Mineralogical Society of America 497–559 10.1515/9781501508998-018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kimura, S. Kitamura, K. and Shindo, I., 1983 Growth of rare earth garnet crystals by the floating zone method Journal of Crystal Growth 65 543–548 10.1016/0022-0248(83)90100-8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kitajima, K. and Daimon, N., 1975 Synthesis of Na-fluortetrasilicic mica [NaMg23(SiO10)F2] and its swelling characteristics Nippon Kagaku Kaishi 991–995.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kitajima, K. Sugimori, K. and Daimon, N., 1973 Studies of the swelling of Na-taeniolite with water Nippon Kagaku Kaishi 1885–1892 (in Japanese with English abstract).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kloprogge, J.T. Jansen, J.B.H. and Geus, J.W., 1990 Characterization of synthetic Na-beidellite Clays and Clay Minerals 38 409–414 10.1346/CCMN.1990.0380410.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kloprogge, J.T. Van der Eerdenm, A.M.J. Jansen, J.B.H. Geus, J.W. and Schuiling, R.D., 1993 Synthesis and paragenesis of Na-beidellite as a function of temperature, water pressure, and sodium activity Clays and Clay Minerals 41 423–430 10.1346/CCMN.1993.0410403.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kodama, H. De Kimpe, C.R. and Dejou, J., 1988 Ferrian saponite in a gabbro saprolite at Mount Megantic, Quebec Clays and Clay Minerals 36 102–110 10.1346/CCMN.1988.0360202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leger, C.-L. Decarreau, A. Petit, S. Cirauby, O., Elsen, A. Grobet, P. Keung, M. Leeman, H. Schoonheydt, R. and Toufar, H., 1995 Ternary octahedral solid-solutions in smectites: An experimental approach Abstract, Euroclay ’95, I. Synthesis of Clay Minerals Sevilla, Spain The European Clay Group Association 4–5.Google Scholar
Lim, C.H. and Jackson, M.L., 1986 Expandable phyllosilicate reactions with lithium on heating Clays and Clay Minerals 34 346–352 10.1346/CCMN.1986.0340316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Matsuda, T. and Henmi, K., 1986 Syntheses of trioctahedral micas in the compositional join phlogopite-sodium phlogopite Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Japan 17 187–193 10.2465/gkk1952.17.Special_187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nahon, D. Colin, E. and Tardy, Y., 1982 Formation and distribution of Mg, Fe, Mn-smectites in the first stage of the lateritic weathering of forsterite and tephroite Clay Minerals 17 339–348 10.1180/claymin.1982.017.3.06.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Radoslovich, E.W., 1962 The cell dimensions and symmetry of layer-lattice silicates. II. Regression relations American Mineralogist 47 617–636.Google Scholar
Radoslovich, E.W., 1963 The cell dimensions and symmetry of layer-lattice silicates. IV. Interatomic forces American Mineralogist 48 76–99.Google Scholar
Radoslovich, E.W., 1963 The cell dimensions and symmetry of layer-lattice silicates. V. Composition limits American Mineralogist 48 348–367.Google Scholar
Radoslovich, E.W. and Norrish, K., 1962 The cell dimensions and symmetry of layer-lattice silicates. I. Some structural considerations American Mineralogist 47 599–616.Google Scholar
Reynolds, R.C. Jr. and Bailey, S.W., 1988 Mixed layer chlorite mineral Hydrous Phyllosilicates (Exclusive of Micas) Washington, D.C. Mineralogical Society of America 601–629 10.1515/9781501508998-020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Veitch, L.G. and Radoslovich, E.W., 1963 The cell dimensions and symmetry of layer-lattice silicates. III. Octahedral ordering American Mineralogist 48 62–75.Google Scholar
Weaver, C.E. and Polland, L.D., 1975 The Chemistry of Clay Minerals Amsterdam Elsevier.Google Scholar
Whitney, G.e.n.e., 1983 Hydrothermal Reactivity of Saponite Clays and Clay Minerals 31 1 1–8 10.1346/CCMN.1983.0310101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamada, H. and Nakazawa, H., 1993 Isothermal treatments of regularly interstratified montmorillonite-beidellite at hydrothermal conditions Clays and Clay Minerals 41 726–730 10.1346/CCMN.1993.0410611.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamada, H. Fujita, T. and Nakazawa, H., 1988 Design and calibration of a rapid quench hydrothermal apparatus Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 96 1041–1044 10.2109/jcersj.96.1041.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamada, H. Nakazawa, H. Yoshioka, K. and Fujita, T., 1991 Smectites in the montmorillonite-beidellite series Clay Minerals 26 359–369 10.1180/claymin.1991.026.3.05.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yamada, H. Yoshioka, K. and Nakazawa, H., 1991 Hydrothermal synthesis of beidellite from aluminosilicate glass by varying water/solid ratio Mineralogical Journal 15 300–308 10.2465/minerj.15.300.CrossRefGoogle Scholar