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Reconstruction of palaeothermal conditions in a passive margin using illite-smectite mixed-layer series (BA1 scientific deep drill-hole, Ardeche, France)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

C. Renac  and
A. Meunier
C. Renac
Affiliation:
Petrologie des Altérations Hydrothermales, URA 721 CNRS/Université de Poitiers, 40 avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
A. Meunier
Affiliation:
Petrologie des Altérations Hydrothermales, URA 721 CNRS/Université de Poitiers, 40 avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France
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Abstract

The comparison between measured and predicted smectite percent (%Sm) in an illite-smectite (I-S) mixed-layer series was used to estimate the thermal conditions of diagenesis in the Ardèche sedimentary series. Measurements were performed using the decomposition procedure (Lanson & Besson, 1992) of XRD patterns obtained from oriented preparations (<0.2 μm fractions). Three particle populations were identified: I-S, poorly crystallized illite (PCI), and well crystallized illite (WCI); the %Sm was measured in the I-S population by comparison with calculated XRD patterns using the NEWMOD software (Reynolds, 1985). The theoretical evolution of %Sm with depth obtained with the two first-order kinetic reaction processes described by Velde & Vasseur (1992) was compared to the measured one at Balazuc. The best fit was obtained for the following conditions: 35°C km–1 and between 1500 and 2000 m for the thermal gradient and the eroded piles, respectively. The predicted values for I-S compositions in the 10–0% Sm range are overestimated by the model because the reaction controlling the composition is no longer the dissolution of I-S but the ripening of illitic particles (PCI and WCI).

Two zones can be distinguished in the sedimentary series: (1) down to 55 m, the %Sm of I-S particles is highly variable and seems to be controlled by local variations in permeability and chemical composition; (2) down to 550 m, the %Sm of I-S particles is more strictly dependent on the general time-temperature conditions. An anomalously high %Sm value is located in the vicinity of faults at 1669 m due to local change of the water/rock ratio.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 30 , Issue 2 , June 1995 , pp. 107 - 118
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1995

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