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An approach to the genesis of palygorskite in a Neogene-Quaternary continental basin using principal factor analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2018

C. Sánchez  and
E. Galán
C. Sánchez
Affiliation:
Laboratorio Mineralogía Aplicada, Facultad de Química, Unversidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad RealSpain
E. Galán
Affiliation:
Departamento de Cristalografía, Mineralogía y Química Agrícola, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41071, Spain
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Abstract

The Carrión lacustrine basin (≈10 km2), central Spain, is filled with Neogene-Quaternary sediments (20–25 m thick) rich in palygorskite. Two clay units of ∼15 m thick are of particular interest in the basin. The lower one contains over 75% phyllosilicates (palygorskite up to 90%, smectites and illite) in marginal areas (facies A), and it is laterally bound by a distal facies (B) also rich in clay minerals (smectites and illite, and some palygorskite) and gypsum, and includes dolomitic marl intercalations. The composition at the top is primarily marly, with some gypsum (C). The upper clay unit, mainly clay-size material, (D) is rich in smectites, palygorskite and sepiolite, and contains carbonate intercalations near the top. A statistical treatment of the mineralogical and chemical composition data from 120 samples, using principal factor analysis, suggests that: (a) illite and smectite are detrital in origin; (b) palygorskite was formed by transformation of illite and smectite involving reaction with Mg; and (c) sepiolite was a neoformation product favoured by evaporation of silica- and Mg-bearing waters.

Type
Research Article
Information
Clay Minerals , Volume 30 , Issue 3 , September 1995 , pp. 225 - 238
Copyright
Copyright © The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1995

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