The political importance of rights in liberal democracies, and of universally accessible health care in Canada, are trite observations. However, the increasing use of the language of rights to defend existing patterns of health care in Canada is a curious if not alarming phenomenon. What do citizens mean when they say that they have the right to health care? How can health care rights be defined philosophically and politically? This article examines the increasing popularity of rights claiming for health care, and argues that the ''right to health care'' has a non-possessive, normative nature that is at odds with legalistic individualistic rights claiming. This is a significant philosophical finding, one that informs the political debate over health care by revealing that legal rights claims are not sufficient to defend social entitlements. The conceptual project undertaken in this article illuminates directions of reform and suggests that differentiated citizenship provides a better model than legal rights to guide reform efforts.

Three concerns have motivated scholars to examine what is often called the “dilemma” between sexual equality and cultural autonomy. First, by far the majority of the world's women fail to enjoy the legal , political, social and economic status enjoyed by men and, moreover, one of the main explanations for their relatively deprived state is found in the cultural traditions and practices that govern their lives . Second, even though sexism is ubiquitous, the existence of gender inequality within minority groups renders vulnerable the claims of groups to cultural autonomy, especially claims made by groups that are marginalized or fragile. And, third, all scholars who tread in this mine field of issues must come to terms with the most vexing methodological challenges in the social sciences and humanities, namely how to avoid the excesses of, on the one hand, universalism and essentialism and, on the other hand, relativism and social constructivism. Feminist theory provides one of the most interesting and lively venues for the exploration of these challenges, and the debates seem to reach a particularly intriguing pitch when the putative conflict between gender and culture is discussed.

The 1993 Canadian election campaign clearly mattered; the fortunes of the Conservative and Reform parties underwent a fundamental re-orientation during the campaign. Previous research has indicated that Reform's success in 1993 was related to the activation of people who were opposed to the welfare state, but this represents only one dimension of Reform's appeal. This article examines the effect of issues on Reform support during the campaign and considers the actual process by which issues affect party support. While it is sometimes said that a candidate primed or made important certain issues for voters, it may be that some of what is labeled priming is actually something else. This article makes a conceptual and empirical distinction between campaign learning and priming. If voters do not know where a party stands on an issue, they cannot adequately use it in their overall evaluation. The evidence demonstrates that the increased importance of attitudes toward the welfare state was largely a function of the distribution of new information or learning, while the increased importance of cultural questions represented priming.

The article reports the findings of a study of the 43 institutional arrangements in the most severely polluted bays, harbours, river mouths and connecting channels in the Great Lakes of North America. These arrangements were designed by the governments of Canada and the United States and their respective provinces and states, in order to formulate and implement Remedial Action Plans (RAPs) to restore impaired beneficial uses. The RAPs were conceived, adopted and monitored by the International Joint Commission. The theory of common property resources is used to develop a conceptual framework to assess the effectiveness of the RAPs. Success at the planning stages is associated with a representative and inclusive process of ''stakeholder'' agenda setting, and success at an implementation stage with a system of pooled interdependencies among implementing organizations. There are, however, competing incentives for the bureaucratic organizations that design RAPs, and evidence suggests that these can be more powerful than the RAP programme itself. The success of the RAPs is thus mixed.

This article examines the effect of modern media and communications technology on ethnic nationalist resurgence, using the Kurds as a case example. Television, satellite communications, the Internet and easy access to publishing technology now facilitate ethnic nationalist challenges to state hegemony and monopoly of information. Additionally, modern media and communications technology can turn a humiliating defeat into a catalyst for a more unified, stronger, ethnic nationalist movement. Globally broadcast images of such a defeat arouse the passions and indignation of even those people who only nominally identify themselves with the ethnic group in question. At the same time, communications technology such as telephones, faxes and e-mail facilitate the channeling of such indignation into immediate group protest and action which, in turn, strengthens the ethnic identification of action participants.

This article considers the degree to which characteristics of the ideological model of political parties are evident in the Canadian party system. Four questions are considered: are members attracted to parties on the basis of their policy positions; is there a structure to party members' issue attitudes; is there significant attitudinal space between the parties; and is there cohesion within the parties on the identified attitudinal measures? Data collected through a national mail survey of members of the five federal parties are used to answer these questions. The article finds there is substantial evidence of the ideological model in the Canadian party system and concludes by considering the effect this may have on the brokerage traditions of Canadian parties.

Carty, R. Kenneth, William Cross and Lisa Young. Rebuilding Canadian Party Politics. By Miriam Lapp 631

Broadbent, Edward, ed. Democratic Equality: What Went Wrong? By Rodney Haddow 633

Boyd, Susan S., Dorothy E. Chunn and Robert Menzies, eds. (Ab)Using Power: The Canadian Experience. By Audrey Doerr 635

Pal, Leslie A., ed.. How Ottawa Spends 2000-2001: Past Imperfect, Future Tense. By Nelson Wiseman 636

Chennells, David. The Politics of Nationalism in Canada: Cultural Conflict since 1760. By Richard Vengroff 638

Helly, Denise et Nicolas Van Schendel. Appartenir au Québec. Citoyenneté, nation et société civile. Enquête à Montréal, 1995. Par Guy Chiasson 639

Rose, Alex. Spirit Dance at Meziadin: Chief Joseph Gosnell and the Nisga'a Treaty. By Michael J. Prince 640

Cardinal, Linda, en collaboration avec Caroline Andrew et Michèle Kérisit. Chroniques d'une vie politique mouvementée. L'Ontario francophone de 1986 à 1996. Par Simon Langlois 642

Kreinin, Mordechai, ed. Building a Partnership: The Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement. By Stephen Clarkson 643

Clingermayer, James C. and Richard C. Feiock. Institutional Constraints and Policy Choice: An Exploration of Local Governance. By John J. Kirlin 645

Muxel, Anne. L'expérience politique des jeunes. Par Marc Molgat 647

Sowerwine, Charles. France since 1870: Culture, Politics and Society. By Robert Elgie 650

Sniderman, Paul M., Pierangelo Peri, Rui J. P. de Figueiredo, Jr. and Thomas Piazza. The Outsider: Prejudice and Politics in Italy. By Stephen Hellman 651

Gardet, Claudie, avec une préface de Marie-Claire Bergère. Les relations de la République populaire de Chine et de la République démocratique allemande (1949-1989). Par André Laliberté 653

Katsiaficas, George, ed. After the Fall: 1989 and the Future of Freedom. By Barbara J. Falk 655

Quesney, Chantale. Kosovo, les mémoires qui tuent. La guerre vue sur Internet. Par Dany Deschênes 657

Moser, Robert G. Unexpected Outcomes: Electoral Systems, Political Parties, and Representation in Russia. By Jody Baumgartner 660

Powers, Nancy R. Grassroots Expectations of Democracy and Economy: Argentina in Comparative Perspective. By Jeffery R. Webber 661

Kymlicka, Will. La citoyenneté multiculturelle. Une théorie libérale du droit des minorités. Par France Gagnon 663

Kymlicka, Will. Politics in the Vernacular: Nationalism, Multiculturalism, and Citizenship. By Ciaran Cronin 665

Schmid, Carol L. The Politics of Language: Conflict, Identity, and Cultural Pluralism in Comparative Perspective. By Ines Molinaro 667

Merad, Ali. La tradition musulmane. Par Chedly Belkhodja 668

Kaufman, Stuart J. Modern Hatreds: The Symbolic Politics of Ethnic War. By Crawford Young 671

Baum, Gregory. Le nationalisme: perspectives éthiques et religieuses. Par Frédérick Boily 672

Keating, Michael and John McGarry, eds. Minority Nationalism and the Changing International Order. By Stefan Wolff 674

Gurr, Ted Robert. Peoples versus States: Minorities at Risk in the New Century. By John A. Hall 676

Biggar, Nigel, ed. Burying the Past: Making Peace and Doing Justice after Civil Conflict. By Steven M. Delue 677

Kruks, Sonia. Retrieving Experience: Subjectivity and Recognition in Feminist Politics. By Lorraine Code 679

Kinzer, Bruce L. England's Disgrace? J. S. Mill and the Irish Question. By Samuel V. Laselva 681

Kahan, Alan S. Aristocratic Liberalism: The Social and Political Thought of Jacob Burkhardt, John Stuart Mill, and Alexis de Tocqueville. By Brian Richardson 682

Passet, René. L'illusion néo-libérale. Par Marcel Filion 684

Andrew, Edward G. Conscience and Its Critics: Protestant Conscience, Enlightenment Reason, and Modern Subjectivity. By Jason Neidleman 687

Villa, Dana, ed. The Cambridge Companion to Hannah Arendt. By Robert Pirro 689

Pirro, Robert C. Hannah Arendt and the Politics of Tragedy. By Pamela S. Leach 691

Davis, Arthur and Peter C. Emberley, eds. Collected Works of George Grant:Vol. 1: 1933-1950. By Ron Dart 692

Owen, J. Judd. Religion and the Demise of Liberal Rationalism: The Foundational Crisis of the Separation of Church and State. By Emily R. Gill 694

Gray, John. Two Faces of Liberalism. By Brian Donohue 695

Lom, Petr. The Limits of Doubt: The Moral and Political Implications of Skepticism. By Craig Beam 696

Parekh, Bhikhu. Rethinking Multiculturalism: Cultural Diversity and Political Theory. By Jonathan Quong 698

Heath, Joseph. Communicative Action and Rational Choice. By Bryce Weber 699

Franke, Mark F. N. Global Limits: Immanuel Kant, International Relations, and Critique of World Politics. By Brian Orend 702

Philpott, Daniel. Revolutions in Sovereignty: How Ideas Shaped Modern International Relations. By Chris Brown 703

Aleinikoff, T. Alexander and Douglas Klusmeyer, eds. Citizenship Today: Global Perspectives and Practices. By Patrizia Longo 705

Sommier, Isabelle. Les nouveaux mouvements contestataires à l'heure de la mondialisation. Par Christian Poirier 706

Harris, Paul G., ed.. The Environment, International Relations, and U.S. Foreign Policy. By Robert Boardman 709

Burgerman, Susan. Moral Victories: How Activists Provoke Multilateral Action. By Phil Degruchy 711

This article examines the impact of issues and the economy in the 1997 Canadian election among voters outside Quebec. The authors show that both factors affected individual vote choice and provide estimates of how much difference the issues and the economy made in the election. It appears that the issues were decisive for 9 per cent of the voters and the economy for 4 per cent. Issues mattered more than the economy for individual vote choice. The net impact of both the issues and the economy on vote support for the different parties was practically nil. The findings indicate that the Liberal victory cannot be imputed to the economy or the issues.

This article argues against the apparent aversion to apply positive political models in the comparative literature on non-Western politics. To provide an example of the utility of such models, the article draws on Peter Van Roozendaal's game theoretical model of cabinet stability to account for the instability of coalition governments in India. It argues that government durability in this non-Western democracy can be modeled as the function of the motivations and incentives of two sets of key actors, the dominant and the central parties, the same way as it can in a Western context.

The literature on economic sanctions consists of a series of studies assessing whether sanctions ''worked'' or not. Very little has been written on the factors that make economic sanctions more effective at achieving their intended purposes. This article examines the threatened 1979 Arab world boycott of Canada after Prime Minister Joe Clark announced the government's intention to relocate its embassy in Israel from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. After determining that sanctions played a contributing role in motivating a Canadian policy reversal, it generates hypotheses from this misunderstood case about the political and economic factors that can contribute to the success of economic sanctions.

Madison, G. B., Paul Fairfield and Ingrid Harris, eds. Is There a Canadian Philosophy? Reflections on the Canadian Identity. By Marc Poulin 426

Macklem, Patrick. Indigenous Difference and the Constitution of Canada. By Janet Ajzenstat 426

Dupuis, Renée. Quel Canada pour les Autochtones? La fin de l'exclusion. Par Édith Garneau 428

Gammer, Nicholas. From Peacekeeping to Peacemaking: Canada's Response to the Yugoslav Crisis. By Ann L. Griffiths 430

Timpson, Annis May. Driven Apart: Women's Employment Equality and Child Care in Canadian Public Policy. By Kathy Teghtsoonian 432

Young, Lisa. Feminists and Party Politics. By Brenda O'Neill 434

Powe, Jr., Lucas A. The Warren Court and American Politics. By Carolyn N. Long 435

Bland, Douglas L., ed. Backbone of the Army: Non-Commissioned Officers in the Future Army. By James H. Joyner, Jr. 437

Brossard, Yves et Jonathan Vidal. L'éclatement de la Yougoslavie de Tito. Désintégration d'une fédération et guerres interethniques. Par Dany Deschênes 438

Bowler, Shaun and Bernard Grofman, eds. Elections in Australia, Ireland, and Malta under the Single Transferable Vote: Reflections on an Embedded Institution. By Abraham Diskin 440

Marques-Pereira, Bérengère et Patricio Nolasco, coordinateurs. La représentation politique des femmes en Amérique latine. Par Stéphanie Rousseau 441

Parsa, Misagh. States, Ideologies and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of Iran, Nicaragua, and the Philippines. By David Close 444

Ellis, Stephen. The Mask of Anarchy: The Destruction of Liberia and the Religious Dimension of an African Civil War. By Larry A. Swatuk 445

Santoro, Michael A. Profits and Principles: Global Capitalism and Human Rights in China. By John Fuh-Sheng Hsieh 447

Norman, E. Herbert. Japan's Emergence as a Modern State: Political and Economic Problems of the Meiji Period. By John S. Brownlee 448

Kleinberg, Romanda Bensabat and Janine A. Clark, eds. Economic Liberalization, Democratization and Civil Society in the Developing World. By Jorge A. Schiavon 450

Plattner, Marc F. and Alexander Smolar, eds. Globalization, Power, and Democracy. By Erkki Berndtson 452

Eriksen, Erik Oddvar and John Erik Fossum, eds. Democracy in the European Union: Integration through Deliberation? By Antje Wiener 453

Offen, Karen. European Feminisms 1700-1950: A Political History. By Penelope Deutscher 454

Tomasi, John. Liberalism beyond Justice: Citizens, Society, and the Boundaries of Political Theory. By Alfonso J. Damico 456

Dufour, Frédérick-Guillaume. Patriotisme constitutionnel et nationalisme. Sur Jürgen Habermas. Par Donald Ipperciel 458

O'Neill, Michael and Dennis Austin, eds. Democracy and Cultural Diversity. By Steven Roach 461

Newell, Peter. Climate for Change: Non-State Actors and the Global Politics of the Greenhouse. By Debora L. Vannijnatten 463

Mayall, James. World Politics: Progress and Its Limits. By Robert Jackson 465

Giddens, Anthony, ed. The Global Third Way Debate. By Phillip Wood 466

Burke, Mike, Colin Mooers and John Shields, eds. Restructuring and Resistance: Canadian Public Policy in an Age of Global Capitalism. By Grace Skogstad 17

Bastien, Frédéric. Relations particulières — La France face au Québec après de Gaulle. Par Christine Bout De L'An 178

Nancoo, Stephen E., ed. 21st Century Canadian Diversity. By Jean E. Havel 180

Lefebvre, Jean-Paul. Qui profiterait de l'indépendance du Québec? Par Nemer H. N. Ramadan 181

Cashore, Benjamin, George Hoberg, Michael Howlett, Jeremy Rayner and Jeremy Wilson. In Search of Sustainability: British Columbia Forest Policy in the 1990s. By Lori Poloni-Staudinger 182

Dahl, Jens, Jack Hicks and Peter Jull, eds. Nunavut: Inuit Regain Control of Their Lands and Their Lives. By Gurston Dacks 183

Kernaghan, Kenneth, Brian Marson and Sandford Borins. The New Public Organization. By Geoffrey Hale 185

Bélanger, Yves, Robert Comeau, François Desrochers et Céline Métivier, sous la direction de. La CUM et la région métropolitaine : l'avenir d'une communauté. Par Martin Éthier 187

Moon, Richard. The Constitutional Protection of Freedom of Expression. By Stephen L. Newman 189

Brady, David W., John F. Cogan and Morris P. Fiorina, eds. Continuity and Change in House Elections. By L. Sandy Maisel 191

Preston, Thomas. The President and His Inner Circle: Leadership Style and the Advisory Process in Foreign Affairs. By Chris Dolan 192

Waddell, Brian. The War against the New Deal: World War II and American Democracy. By Bruce Miroff 194

Smith, Mark A. American Business and Political Power: Public Opinion, Elections, and Democracy. By Marie Hojnacki 195

Connelly, James and Graham Smith. Politics and the Environment: From Theory to Practice. By Inger Weibust 197

McGann, James G. and R. Kent Weaver, eds. Think Tanks and Civil Societies: Catalysts for Ideas and Action. By Andrew Rich 198

Nobles, Melissa. Shades of Citizenship: Race and the Census in Modern Politics. By Kim Williams 200

Alonso, Paula. Between Revolution and the Ballot Box: The Origins of the Argentine Radical Party. By Viviana Patroni 201

Lizée, Pierre P. Peace, Power and Resistance in Cambodia: Global Governance and the Failure of International Conflict Resolution; and Peou, Sorpong. Intervention and Change in Cambodia: Towards Democracy? By Irene V. Langran 203

Marples, David R. Belarus: A Denationalized Nation. By Alexander Danilovich 206

Beiner, Ronald and Wayne Norman, eds. Canadian Political Philosophy: Contemporary Reflections. By Bernard Yack 208

Dworkin, Ronald. Sovereign Virtue: The Theory and Practice of Equality. By Colin M. Macleod 210

Hurka, Thomas. Virtue, Vice, and Value. By Jason Kawall 212

Morris, Martin. Rethinking the Communicative Turn: Adorno, Habermas, and the Problem of Communicative Freedom. By Andollah Payrow Shabani 214

O'Sullivan, Noel, ed. Political Theory in Transition. By Cillian Mcbride 215

Plant, Raymond. Politics, Theology and History. By James E. Crimmins 217

Rynard, Paul and David Shugarman, eds. Cruelty and Deception: The Controversy over Dirty Hands in Politics. By Stewart Hyson 218

Sassoon, Anne Showstack. Gramsci and Contemporary Politics: Beyond Pessimism of the Intellect. By Shane Gunster 220

Wallach, John R. The Platonic Political Art: A Study of Critical Reason and Democracy. By Gregory Bruce Smith 222

Hardt, Michael and Antonio Negri. Empire. By Charles Tilly 224

Holden, Barry, ed. Global Democracy: Key Debates. By Kok-Chor Tan 225

Boniface, Pascal, sous la direction de. Morale et relations internationales. Par Marie-France Loranger 227

Jackson, Robert H. The Global Covenant: Human Conduct in a World of States. By Roger Epp 229

Kelly, Stéphane. Les fins du Canada: selon Macdonald, Laurier, Mackenzie King et Trudeau. Par François Charbonneau 900

Cross, William, ed. Political Parties, Representation, and Electoral Democracy in Canada. By Nelson Wiseman 901

Boisvert, Yves, Jacques Hamel et Marc Molgat, sous la direction de. Vivre la citoyenneté. Identité, appartenance et participation. Par Christian Nadeau 903

Doern, G. Bruce, Arslan Dorman and Robert W. Morrison, eds. Canadian Nuclear Energy Policy: Changing Ideas, Institutions, and Interests. By Genevieve Fuji Johnson 906

Seymour, Michel. Le pari de la démesure. L'intransigeance canadienne face au Québec. Par François Rocher 908

Doran, Charles F. Why Canadian Unity Matters and Why Americans Care: Democratic Pluralism at Risk. By Garth Stevenson 910

Bakvis, Herman and Grace Skogstad, eds. Canadian Federalism: Performance, Effectiveness, and Legitimacy. By Willem Maas 912

Poitras, Guy. Inventing North America: Canada, Mexico and the United States. By Maureen Appel Molot 914

Cuccioletta, Donald, Jean-François Côté et Frédéric Lesemann, sous la direction de. Le grand récit des Amériques. Polyphonie des identités culturelles dans le contexte de la mondialisation. Par Jean Rousseau 915

Pue, W. Wesley, ed. Pepper in our Eyes: The APEC Affair. By Sharon A. Manna 918

Delannoi, Gil et Pierre-André Taguieff, sous la direction de. Nationalismes en perspective. Par Frédéric Boily 920

Stevenson, Garth. Community Besieged: The Anglophone Minority and the Politics of Quebec. By Stephen Brooks 923

Mény, Yves and Yves Surel, eds. Democracies and the Populist Challenge; and Taggart, Paul. Populism. By Andrej Zaslove 924

Gainsborough, Juliet F. Fenced Off: The Suburbanization of American Politics. By Andrew Sancton 927

Sineau, Mariette. Profession : femme politique. Sexe et pouvoir sous la Cinquième république. Par Chantal Maillé 928

Nissen, Bruce, ed. Which Direction for Organized Labor? Essays on Organizing, Outreach, and Internal Transformations. By Greg Albo 931

Dashwood, Hevina S. Zimbabwe: The Political Economy of Transformation. By Sara Rich Dorman 933

Bonin, Pierre-Yves, sous la direction de. Mondialisation : perspectives philosophiques. Par Hélène Pellerin 935

Diamond, Larry and Ramon H. Myers, eds. Elections and Democracy in Greater China. By Jeremy Paltiel 936

Polo, Anne-Lise. La Nef marrane : essai sur le retour du judaïsme aux portes de l'Occident. Par Sophie Régnière 939

Hazony, Yoram. The Jewish State: The Struggle for Israel's Soul. By Neil Caplan and Rueven Shultz 941

Embong, Abdul Rahman and Jurgen Rudolph, eds. Southeast Asia into the Twenty First Century: Crisis and Beyond. By Erik M. Kuhonta 943

Sidjanski, Dusan. The Federal Future of Europe. From the European Community to the European Union. By Amy Verdun 945

Capling, Ann. Australia and the Global Trade System: From Havana to Seattle. By Nobuaki Suyama 946

Thompson, John B. Political Scandal: Power and Visibility in the Media Age. By Constantine J. Spiliotes 947

Rozell, Mark J. and Clyde Wilcox, eds. The Clinton Scandal and the Future of American Government. By Hans Hacker 949

Volkoff, Vladimir. Désinformations par l'image. Par Yves Laberge 952

Graber, Doris A. Processing Politics: Learning from Television in the Internet Age. By Terri Susan Fine 952

Delacampagne, Christian. Le philosophe et le tyran. Par Francis Dupuis- Déri 954

Gaukroger, Stephen. Francis Bacon and the Transformation of Early- Modern Philosophy. By Travis D. Smith 955

Grell, Ole Peter and Roy Porter, eds. Toleration in Enlightened Europe. By Jene M. Porter 957

Murphy, Andrew R. Conscience and Community: Revisiting Toleration and Religious Dissent in Early Modern England and America. By Mark David Hall 959

Todorov, Tzvetan. Frail Happiness: An Essay on Rousseau. By Rosanne Kennedy 960

Braybrooke, David. Natural Law Modernized. By John von Heyking 962

Munzer, Stephen R., ed. New Essays in the Legal and Political Theory of Property. By Rowan Cruft 964

Dallmayr, Fred and José M. Rosales, eds. Beyond Nationalism? Sovereignty and Citizenship. By Josep Costa 966

David, Charles-Philippe. La guerre et la paix : Approches contemporaines de la sécurité et la stratégie. Par Jean-Sébastien Rioux 967

Deveaux, Monique. Cultural Pluralism and Dilemmas of Justice. By Philip Parvin 970

Barry, Brian. Culture and Equality. By Patti Tamara Lenard 972

Hampshire, Stuart. Justice is Conflict. By Colin Farrelly 975

Miller, David and Sohail H. Hashmi, eds. Boundaries and Justice: Diverse Ethical Perspectives. By Seana Sugrue 976

Cohen, Herman J. Intervening in Africa: Superpower Peacemaking in a Troubled Continent. By Carola Weil 978

Nye, Joseph S. and John D. Donahue, eds. Governance in a Globalizing World. By William D. Coleman 980

Rupert, Mark. Ideologies of Globalization: Contending Visions of a New World Order. By Stephen McBride 981

Thomas, Daniel C. The Helsinki Effect: International Norms, Human Rights, and the Demise of Communism. By Morton Winston 982

Stevis, Dimitris and Valerie J. Assetto, eds. The International Political Economy of the Environment. By Edward Sankowski 984